Smart Grid and Applications

Tuan-Duc NGUYEN, PhD International University VNU HCM VNTelecom.org

Smart Grid ???

U.S. Department of Energy:

A smart grid integrates advanced sensing technologies, control methods, and integrated communications into the current electricity grid

Old Electrical Infrastructure (Power Grid)

Current Power Grid

It is not efficient
Transmission Loss: Up to 20% Distribution Loss: Up to 30%

It has not kept pace with modern challenges

Generation must follow demand to ensure balanced grid No dynamic pricing Limited or hard to intergrated alternative power generation sources Poor situation awareness, damage isolation... Poor control and management of distribution network. No control to help change behavior

Energy Management: is it important?

Daily Load Distribution Washing Machine (%)

Comments

Daily Load Distribution Dryer (%)

Washing machine, dryer and dish washer represent >10% of household electricity consumption
All three run mainly during peak hours Intelligent energy management and home automation can shift major part of their consumption into cheaper off-peak times

Daily Load Distribution Dish Washer (%)

Source: Stadler; Cisco Analysis

Intelligence Infrastructure

Smart Grid (Future Power Grid)

Generation drives demand
Dynamic Pricing Energy Distribution optimization technologies Integration of renewable generation becomes easier and more cost-effective Self Monitoring, Healing...

What Is Smart Grid?

Network of all advance power devices, optimize electrical power generation, delivery and use
Optimize power delivery and generation Optimize Consumption, consumer participation Self monitoring, self-healing Accommodate generation options High quality power ...

Smart Grid: Consumer View

Added green power sources

Plug-in hybrid electric cars

High-speed, networked connections

Real-time and green pricing signals

Customer interaction with utility

Smart thermostats, appliances and in-home control devices

Smart Grid: Industrial View

Broadband over Power lines Provide for two-way communications Monitors and smart relays at substations Monitors at transformers, circuit breakers, reclosers Bi-directional meters with two-way communication (wireless)

Offerings
Grid-Friendly Renewables Grid Control Systems Substation Digitization Intelligent Electronics Monitoring & Diagnostics Communications Infrastructure

Customer Benefits
Controllability: Ramp, curtail Reduced uncertainty Operating efficiency System reliability Modular/standard Less cost, time, risk Performance monitoring Control devices Asset protection Life extension Performance visibility Remote control

Smart Metering
Smart Appliances & Home Controls

Customer billing Demand management

Participation in DR programs Utility bill savings

Key Technologies
IEEE P2030 ( Smart Gird project): 3 task forces:
TF1: Power Engineering Technology TF2: Information Technology TF3: Communications Technology

Key Technologies
Integrated communications
Fast and Reliable communications for the grid Allowing the grid for real-time monitoring, realtime control, information exchange to optimize system reliability, asset utilization and security Wireless, power line or fiber-optics
For wireless: WSN (Zigbee...), WiFi, GPRS/3G, WiMAX...

Key Technologies
Sensing and measurement
Congestion and grid stability Equipment health Energy theft Real time thermal rating Electromagnetic signature measurement/analysis Real time pricing Real time monitor of power quality

Current Example
Austin, Texas, 1st Smart Grid city in US Xcel Smart City in Boulder Energy Smart Miami

Applications in Vietnam
Why Vietnam is a difference???
Top-down Policy >> Botton-up requirement !!! New Technology???

Smart Meter

Wireless Meter

Router

Moving Agent

Gateway
16

GPRS

Remote Center

Home Energy Management

Smart Plugs/ Smart Appliances/ PCT

Electricity Gas Water Heat

Broadband Network Cisco Home Energy Controller (HEC) Utility Network

Pluggable Electric Vehicle Smart Meters

Smart Grid: Solution Architecture

Smart Appliances Thermostat

Load Control Devices (Smart Switches/Sockets/Strips)

3rd Party B2B Feeds (Retail Energy Providers, Google, Microsoft)

Customer Care (CIS, CRM, Billing, OMS, Call Center)

Home Area Network

Home Energy Controller

Broadband Gateway Ethernet or WiFi

Cloud Services Energy

Database DRMS & Utility Analytics Consumer Portal & Analytics

Utility Portal

Meter Data Management System

ZigBee, ERT, or WiFi Smart Appliances

Network Operations (Generation, T&D)

Utility AMI Network

Smart Meter or NAN AMI Gateway AMI Headend

Micro Generation

PHEV Charging & Energy Storage

Home

Cloud Services

Utility Control & Data Center

Conclusion
Economic

Social

Environmental

Smart Grid: Next Generation Power Grid