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CompTIA A+ Lesson 3 Understanding PATA SATA SCSI

T his night Lesson was about PATA , SATA and SCSi hard disks let we have a brief review on T his 3 HDD .

PATA (IDE )
Parallel ATA (PATA), originally AT Attachment , is an interf ace standard f or the connection of storage devices such ashard disks, f loppy drives, and optical disc drives in computers. T he standard is maintained by X3/INCIT S committee. It uses the underlying AT Attachment (ATA) and AT Attachment Packet Interface (ATAPI) standards. T he Parallel ATA standard is the result of a long history of incremental technical development, which began with the original AT Attachment interf ace, developed f or use in early PC AT equipment. T he ATA interf ace itself evolved in several stages f rom Western Digitals original Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE) interf ace. As a result, many near-synonyms f or ATA/ATAPI and its previous incarnations are still in common inf ormal use. Af ter the introduction of Serial ATA in 2003, the original ATA was renamed Parallel ATA , PATA f or short. Below you can see PATA (IDE) Connector cable which one of them have 40 wires and other one have 80 wires , 80 wires cable can increase data transf er speed Parallel ATA cables transf er data 16 bits at a time .

Master & Slave

PATA (IDE) Cab le 40 , 80 Wire s

Configuration in PATA (IDE) A drive mode called cable select was described as optional in ATA-1 and has come into f airly widespread use with ATA-5 and later. A drive set to cable select automatically conf igures itself as master or slave, according to its position on the cable. Cable select is controlled by pin 28. T he host adapter grounds this pin; if a device sees that the pin is grounded, it becomes the master device; if it sees that pin 28 is open, the device becomes the slave device.

PATA (IDE) o n Mainb o ard

T his setting is usually chosen by a jumper setting on the drive called cable select, usually marked CS, which is separate f rom the master or slave setting. Note that if two drives are conf igured as master and slave manually, this conf iguration does not need to correspond to their position on the cable. Pin 28 is only used to let the drives know their position on the cable; it is not used by the host when communicating with the drives.

With the 40-wire cable it was very common to implement cable select by simply cutting the pin 28 wire between the two device connectors; putting the slave device at the end of the cable, and the master on the middle connector. T his arrangement eventually was standardized in later versions. If there is just one device on the cable, this results in an unused stub of cable, which is undesirable f or physical convenience and electrical reasons. T he stub causes signal ref lections, particularly at higher transf er rates. Starting with the 80-wire cable def ined f or use in ATAPI5/UDMA4, the master device goes at the end of the 18inch (460 mm) cablethe black connectorand the slave device goes on the middle connectorthe gray one and the blue connector goes onto the motherboard. So, if there is only one (master) device on the cable, there is no cable stub to cause ref lections. Also, cable select is now implemented in the slave device connector, usually simply by omitting the contact f rom the connector body. Direct memory access (DMA) is a f eature of modern computers that allows certain hardware subsystems within the computer to access system memory independently of thecentral processing unit (CPU) PATA (IDE) transfer modes and Rates : T here are 4 common transfer mode in PATA Hdd which based on each of these modes our device will have different Trabsfer Rate 1. Programmed input/output (PIO ) 2. Single-Word DMA (WDMA) 3. Multi- Word DMA (WDMA) 4. Ultra DMA

SATA
Serial ATA (Advanced Technology Attachment) ( SATA) is a computer bus interf ace that connects host bus adapters to mass storage devices such as hard disk drives and optical drives. Serial ATA replaces the older AT Attachment standard (ATA later ref erred to asParallel ATA or PATA), of f ering several advantages over the older interf ace: reduced cable size and cost (seven conductors instead of 40), native hot swapping, f aster data transf er through higher signalling rates, and more ef f icient transf er through an (optional) I/O queuing protocol. Currently there are 3 revision of SATA Technology 1. SATA revision 1.0 1.5 Gbit/s 150 MB/s 2. SATA revision 2.0 3 Gbit/s 300 MB/s 3. SATA revision 2.0 3 Gbit/s 300 MB/s 4. SATA revision 3.2 16 Gbit/s

SCSI
Small Computer System

SATA CABLE

Interface (SCSI)is a set of standards f or physically connecting and transf erring data between computers and peripheral devices. T he SCSI standards def ine commands, protocols and electrical and optical interf aces. SCSI is most commonly used f or hard disks and tape drives, but it can connect a wide range of other devices, including scanners and CD drives, although not all controllers can handle all devices. T he SCSI standard def ines command sets f or specif ic peripheral device types; the presence of unknown as one of these types means that in theory it can be used as an interf ace to almost any device, but the standard is highly pragmatic and addressed toward commercial requirements.

SATA Co nne c to r o n HDD

SATA Co nne c to r o n Mainb o ard

SATA PO RTS

SATA To p o lo g y