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Lis Building romanesque architecture

Contents o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 1 List 1.1 Austria 1.2 Belgium 1.3 Bulgaria 1.4 Croatia 1.5 Czech Republic 1.6 France 1.7 Germany 1.8 Hungary 1.9 Ireland 1.10 Italy 1.11 Netherlands 1.12 Poland 1.13 Portugal 1.14 Serbia 1.15 Slovakia 1.16 Spain 1.17 Sweden and Scandinavia 1.18 Switzerland 1.19 United Kingdom 1.19.1 England 1.19.2 Scotland 2 See also List Austria
Gurk Cathedral, Gurk, Carinthia Ossiach Abbey, Ossiach, Carinthia Virgilkapelle, Vienna Benedictine Abbey, Millstatt, Carinthia Stiftskirche, Geras, Lower Austria Stiftskirche, G, Leoben, Styria Lambach Abbey Schngrabern, Hollabrunn, Lower Austria

Belgium
Notre-Dame Cathedral in Tournai (Doornik) abbey in Nivelles (Nijvel)

Bulgaria

The Church of Saints Peter and Paul in Nikopol

Church of Saints Peter and Paul, Nikopol

Croatia
St. St. St. St. Anastasia, Zadar Benedict, Split Peter, Rab Mary the Blessed, Rab

Czech Republic

St. George's Rotunda on p Mountain

St. Longin's Rotunda in Prague Rotunda of The Holy Cross in Prague St. George's Basilica, Prague (Bazilika svatho Ji, Praha) St. Bartholomew's Church in Prague-Kyje St. George's Rotunda on p Mountain Castle and rotunda in Tnec nad Szavou St. Peter and Paul (Petr a Pavel) Church in Po nad Szavou St. Jacob's (Jakub) Church in Cirkvice (near Kutn Hora) St. Procopius Basilica in Teb St. Peter's Rotunda in Star Plzenec St. Peter and Paul Rotunda in Bude (near Zkolany u Kladna) Rotunda of the Virgin Mary and St. Catherine in Znojmo

St. Martin's Rotunda in Vyehrad, Prague St. Catherine's Rotunda in esk Tebov Basilica of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary in Tismice (near esk Brod) St. Bartholomew's Church in Kondrac (near Vlaim) Basilica of the Visitation of Our Lady, Premonstratensian Monastery in Milevsko Zdk's Palace (Zdkv palc) in Olomouc Landtejn Castle

France

St-Sernin basilica, Toulouse, 1080 1120: elevation of the east end

Romanesque sculpture, cloister of St. Trophime, Arles

Romanesque abbey church of Jumiges, Normandy

Romanesque architecture expands in France through monasteries. Burgundy was the center of monastic life in France - one of the most important Benedictine monastery of medieval Europe was the one in Cluny. The pilgrimage also contributed to expansion of this style. Many pilgrims passed through France on their way to Santiago de Compostela.

French Romanesque schools of architecture, which are specific for every region, are characterised by the variety of stone vaulting. o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o
Regions that developed distinctive styles are: Burgundy abbey church, Cluny Saint-Bnigne, Dijon Autun St Philibert at Tournus Provence Church of St. Trophime and cloister, Arles Tour Fenestrelle, Uzs Abbey of Snanque, Gordes Le Thoronet Abbey, Brignoles Frjus Cathedral, Frejus Silvacane Abbey, La Roque-d'Anthron Montmajour Abbey, Arles Aquitaine Saint-Front, Prigueux Notre-Dame-la-Grande, Poitiers Saint-Pierre, Angoulme Sainte-Croix, Bordeaux Auvergne Saint-Foy, Conques Saint-Sernin, Toulouse Notre-Dame-du-Port, Clermont-Ferrand Saint-Austremoine, Issoire Notre-Dame, Orcival Normandy Saint-tienne, Caen, abbey church, Jumiges, Seine-Maritime abbey church of Saint-Georges-de-Boscherville, Seine-Maritime Sainte-Trinit, Caen, Calvados Calvados Cerisy-la-Fort, Manche Lessay, Manche Saint-Nectaire Saint-Saturnin Sainte-Madeleine, Vezelay Basilica of Paray-le-Monial Abbey Church of Saint-Savin-sur-Gartempe Chapaize Abbatiale de Cruas Abbey of Vigeois, Limousin Fontevraud Abbey Saint-Martin-du-Canigou, Roussillon

Germany

Romanesque St. Michael's Church(1010-33) in Hildesheim a World Heritage Site

Romanesque portal of Schottenkirche, Regensburg

Bamberg Cathedral Bonn Mnster Cologne, the twelve romanesque churches of Cologne, include Gross St Martin, St. Maria im Kapitol with fine wooden doors, the central plan St. Gereon, St. Aposteln, St. Pantaleon Freising, Cathedral Goslar Cathedral, Imperial Palace, Goslar Hildesheim: Cathedral and St. Michael's Church. Mainz, St. Martin - Mainz Cathedral Maria Laach Abbey Regensburg, Schottenkirche St. Jakob Trier Cathedral Speyer Cathedral Straubing, St. Peter Worms, Worms Cathedral Wrzburg, Cathedral

Hungary

The romanesque church of Lbny

Calvinist church, csa (e. 13 th.c) Parish church of the Annunciation of Our Lady, Trje (e. 13 th.c) Parish church of St. James the Apostle, Lbny (c. 1190-1212) Parish church of St. George, Jk (c. 1220-1256) Abbey Church of the Assumption of Our Lady, Belapatfalva (12321246) Cathedral of Pcs Pcs (11. th.c, 18821891) Royal palace at Esztergom Esztergom (10-13 th.c) Pannonhalma Archabbey (certain parts) Pannonhalma (11-13 th.c)

Ireland

Carving above doorway, Clonfert Cathedral, Co. Galway, Ireland

Cormac's Chapel, Cashel (11271134) Aghadoe, County Kerry (1158) Nuns' Church, Clonmacnoise (1167) Tuam Cathedral and Crosses (c. 1184) Ardmore Church and Round Tower, County Waterford Baltinglass Cistercian Abbey, County Wicklow Boyle Cistercian Abbey, County Roscommon Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin

Clonfert Cathedral, County Galway Cong Abbey, County Galway Devenish Round Tower and Churches, County Fermanagh Dysert O'Dea Church and Round Tower, County Clare Freshford, County Kilkenny Jerpoint Cistercian Abbey, County Kilkenny Killeshin, County Laois Maghera, County Londonderry Monaincha Abbey and Cross, County Tipperary Rahan Church of Ireland Church, County Offaly Timahoe Round Tower, County Laois St. Saviour's, Glendalough

Italy In Italy, the prevalent diffusion is in Lombardy, in Emilia - Romagna, in Tuscany, in the continental part of Veneto and in Apulia; everyone of these "Romanesque styles" has proper characteristics, for constructing methods and for materials. For example, a characteristic of Romanesque is that to change the classic elements with Christian elements, but in Tuscany and Apulia the classic decoratings remain. Materials depended from the local disponibility, because the importation was too expensive. In fact, in Lombardy the most used material is ceramic, because of the argillous nature of the terrain; but that is not true for Como, where there were large diponibility of stone; in Tuscany buildings in white marble (from Carrara) are frequent, with inserts of green serpentin marble. In Lombardy and Emilia, in that age united, in romanesque epoque there was a great artistic flowering. The most monumental churches and cathedrals are often built with the campata system, with varying columns which weigh a tutto sesto arcos. In plain the material of construction is prevalently the mattone, but buildings in stone do not lack. The greater part of the roman cities along the via Emilia is equipped in this age of monumental cathedral, between which they already maintain to the medieval system. Abruzzo
San Clemente a Casauria San Liberatore a Maiella Santa Maria Arabona Sant'Antimo Abbey

Aosta Valley
Cathedral of Aosta Church of S. Orso (Aosta)

Emilia-Romagna
Cathedral of Modena San Mercuriale, in Forl Chiesa di S. Maria Oliveto (Albinea - province of Reggio Emilia) Chiesa parrocchiale (Anzola dell'Emilia - province of Bologna) Cathedral of Parma

Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Basilica di Poppo, Aquileia, province of Udine Basilica patriarcale, Aquileia - province of Udine

Latium
Cathedral of Acquapendente (province of Viterbo) Church of S. Maria della Libera (Aquino - province of Frosinone)

Lombardy
Sant'Ambrogio, Milan San Lorenzo, Milan San Michele Maggiore, Pavia Cathedral of Monza S. Cosma e Damiano (Rezzago - province of Como) Madonna del Ghisallo (Magreglio - province of Como) S. Alessandro (Lasnigo - province of Como) S. Pietro (Albese - province of Como) Chiesa di S. Tommaso (Acquanegra sul Chiese - province of Mantova) Sant'Abbondio (Como) San Tom (Almenno San Bartolomeo - province of Bergamo)

Marche
Church of S. Ciriaco (Ancona) Pieve of S. Maria della Piazza (Ancona) Pieve of S. Urbano (Apiro - province of Macerata) San Vittore alle Chiuse

Piedmont
Vezzolano Abbey (Albugnano - province of Asti) Crypt of Sant'Anastasio (Asti) Pieve of San Secondo (Cortazzone - province of Asti) Church of SS. Nazario e Celso (Montechiaro - province of Asti) Pieve of San Lorenzo (Montiglio - province of Asti) Abbey of Santi Nazario e Celso (San Nazzaro Sesia - province of Novara) Abbey of Santa Fede (Cavagnolo - province of Tourin) Cattedrale dell'Addolorata (Acqui Terme - province of Alessandria) Church of S. Pietro (Albugnano - province of Asti) Baptistery of Agrate (Agrate Conturbia - province of Novara)

Puglia
Basilica of San Nicola, Bari Cathedral of Bitonto Cathedral of Trani

Sardinia
S. Giusta (S. Giusta) S. Maria (Bonarcado) S. Paolo (Milis) S. Palmerio (Ghilarza) Il Carmine (Mogoro) S. Gregorio (Sardara) S. Leonardo (Masullas) S. Lussorio (Fordongianus) S. Gregorio (Solarussa)

S. Nicola di Trullas (Semestene) S. Pietro (Zuri - Sardinia S. Maria Maddalena (Sil) S. Maria della Mercede (Norbello) S. Pietro di Sorres (Borutta) Santissima Trinit di Saccargia Sant'Antioco di Bisarcio (Ozieri) Santa Maria del Regno (Ardara) San Simplicio, Olbia Nostra Signora di Tergu S. Pantaleo (Dolianova) S. Alenixedda (Cagliari) S. Lorenzo (Silanus) S. Leonardo (Siete Fuentes) S. Maria (Uta) S. Maria (Tratalias) S. Pietro Extramuros (Bosa) S. Gavino (Porto Torres)

Sicily
Cathedral, Cefal

San Galgano, Tuscany

Tuscany
San Miniato al Monte, Florence Pisa Cathedral San Paolo a Ripa d'Arno, Pisa Santa Maria della Pieve, Arezzo Sant'Ambrogio, Florence Pieve of Romena, Pratovecchio, Arezzo Pieve of Lmulas (Arcidosso - province of Grosseto) Chiesa abbaziale (Abbadia Isola - province of Siena) Chiesa abbaziale (Abbadia San Salvatore - province of Siena) Abbey of San Galgano (province of Siena) Oratorio of Alpe di Poti, province of Arezzo Chiesa di S. Jacopo Maggiore (Altopascio - province of Lucca) Chiesa di S. Stefano (Anghiari - province of Arezzo) Parish church of Saints Ippolito and Cassiano

Umbria
Cathedral of Spoleto Chiesa di San Bernardino da Siena (La Pigge - Trevi - province of Perugia) Chiesa di Sant'Arcangelo (La Pigge - Trevi - province of Perugia)

Eremo di San Marco e la grotta del Beato Ventura (La Pigge - Trevi - province of Perugia) Chiesa Tonda (La Pigge - Trevi - province of Perugia) S. Maria di Pietrarossa (Trevi - province of Perugia) S. Stefano di Piaggia (Trevi - province of Perugia) S. Nicol (Trevi - province of Perugia) S. Fabiano (Trevi - province of Perugia) S. Tommaso (Trevi - province of Perugia) S. Sabino (Trevi - province of Perugia) S. Pietro a Pettine (Trevi - province of Perugia) S. Costanzo (Trevi - province of Perugia) S. Andrea (Trevi - province of Perugia) S. Egidio di Borgo (Trevi - province of Perugia) S. Donato (Trevi - province of Perugia) S. Leonardo del Colle (Trevi - province of Perugia) S. Martino in Manciano (Trevi - province of Perugia) S. Apollinare (Trevi - province of Perugia) S. Stefano in Manciano (Trevi - province of Perugia) S. Pietro in Bovara (Trevi - province of Perugia) S. Maria di Pelan (Trevi - province of Perugia) S. Paolo di Coste (Trevi - province of Perugia) S. Croce in Val dell'Aquila (Trevi - province of Perugia) S. Emiliano (Trevi - province of Perugia)

Veneto
San Zeno, Verona S. Pietro in Cantalovo (Bevilacqua, province of Verona) S. Salvaro (S. Pietro di Legnago, province of Verona) S. Zeno (Cerea - province of Verona) Chiesa della Bastia (Isola della Scala - province of Verona) Santa Maria Maggiore (Gazzo, province of Verona) S. Pietro (Villanova - province of Verona) S. Maria (Bonavigo - province of Verona) S. Michele (Belfiore - province of Verona) S. Andrea (Sommacampagna - province of Verona) Basilica di Santa Maria Assunta (Adria - Province of Rovigo) Cathedral of Adria (Adria - Province of Rovigo)

Netherlands
Basilica of Saint Servatius, Maastricht (English:Saint Servaes) Onze-Lieve-Vrouwe, Maastricht (Church of Our Lady) Munsterkerk, Roermond Janskerk, Utrecht (Saint John's Church) Pieterskerk, Utrecht (Saint Peters Church) St. Plechelmus, Oldenzaal (Saint Plecholmus Church) Chapel, Lemiers (Chapel) Reformed church, Oirschot Abbey church Rolduc, Kerkrade St. Amelberga, Susteren St. Wiro, Plechelmus and Otgerus, Sint-Odilinberg St. Remigius, Klimmen

Poland

Romanesque portal of St. Mary Magdalene Church, Wrocaw.

Column of virtues in Strzelno,Poland

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Greater Poland St. Trinity-Church in Strzelno St. Prokop-Rotunda in Strzelno St. Nicolaus-Church in Giecz Romanesque doors in Gniezno Cathedral Church of St. John from Jerusalem Outside the Walls in Pozna Born of Blessed Virgin Mary Church in Kotw Kuyavia Benedictine Abbey in Mogilno St. Peter and Paul-Collegiate in Kruszwica St. Mary-Church in Inowrocaw St. Margaret Church in Kocielec Kujawski Lesser Poland St. Andrew's Church in Krakw St. Adalbert Church in Krakw St. Leonard Crypt in Wawel, Krakw St. Nicholas Church in Wysocice St. John the Baptist church in Prandocin

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Lubelszczyzna Dungeon in Lublin Castle dzkie St. Giles-Church in Inowdz Church and campanile in Krzyworzeka Cistercians Abbey in Sulejw St. Ursula-Church in Strosko St. Nicholas Church in arnw Masovia Masovian Blessed Virgin Mary Cathedral in Pock Abbey church in Czerwisk nad Wis Collegiate church in Tum Silesia Saint Godehard-Rotunda in Strzelin St. Giles-Church in Wrocaw St. Nicolaus-Rotunda in Cieszyn Castle in Bdzin Blessed Virgin Mary-Church in Lwwek lski Blessed Virgin Mary church in Zotoryja South part and ruins of the chapel in Piast Castle in Legnica Blessed Virgin Mary church in roda lska St. John the Baptist church in Siewierz witokrzyskie St. Martin-Collegiate in Opatw St. Jacob-Church in Sandomierz St. Florian-Church in Koprzywnica Cistercians Abbey in Wchock St. Giles-Church in Tarczek St. John the Baptist-Church in Grzegorzowice St. John the Baptist church in Skalbmierz West Pomerania Knights Templar chapel in Rurka Knights Templar chapel in Chwarszczany Cistercians Abbey in Kobacz Ziemia Lubuska Blessed Virgin Mary Church in Lubsko Church in Biedrzychowice St. Andrew's Church in Szprotawa

Portugal

Faade of the Old Cathedral of Coimbra (Portugal, 2nd half of 12th century).

Ganfei Convent in Valena, destroyed in 1000 by the Muslims, rebuilt in 1018, faade and main chapel changed in later periods, the rest of the temple is Romanesque Pombeiro Monastery in Felgueiras, began in 1059, only the apse and the portal are from this period) Church and tower of the Monastery of Rates in Pvoa de Varzim, Preromanesque, Romanesque reconstruction in 1096, most of the building remained intact since the 13th century Lisbon Cathedral, began in 1147. Romanesque portals and nave Braga Cathedral, began in the first half of 12th century. Romanesque portals and nave Oporto Cathedral, began in the first half of 12th century. Romanesque nave Castle of Almourol, built after 1160 by the Knights Templar Old Cathedral of Coimbra, began 1162 Round church in the Convent of the Order of Christ in Tomar, 12th century, built by the Knights Templar Church of Cedofeita in Oporto, second half of 12th century Travanca Monastery in Amarante, most of the building is from the 12th century, except the main chapel Domus Municipalis, Bragana

Serbia
The Tracts of Saint George monastery, Novi Pazar (1166) The Studenica monastery (1190) ia crowning church, Kraljevo (1217) The Sopoani monastery (1265) St. Achileus church, Arilje (1296) Visoki Deani monastery, Kosovo (1327) Kaleni monastery (1407)

Slovakia
Spisk Kapitula, an ecclesiastical town with a Romanesque cathedral Nitra-Drazovce, a tiny Romanesque church on the hill above the village Levice-Kalinciakovo, a well preserved tiny Romanesque church built of hewn stone

Spain

Saint Clement of Tall inCatalonia, Spain. Lombard Romanesque

Collegiate church of Santillana del Mar, Spain. Cloister

Monastery of Santo Domingo de Silos, Spain. Capitel detail

Inner view of the Cathedral ofSantiago de Compostela, Spain.

Romanesque first developed in Spain in the 10th and 11th centuries and before Cluny`s influence, in Lrida, Barcelona, Tarragona and Huesca and in the Pyrinees, simultaneously with the north of Italy, into what has been called "First Romanesque" or "Lombard Romanesque". It is a very primitive style, whose characteristics are thick walls, lack of sculpture and the presence of rhythmic ornamental arches. Romanesque architecture truly arrives with the influence of Cluny through the Way of Saint James, that ends in the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela. The model of the Spanish Romanesque in 12th century was the Cathedral of Jaca, with its characteristic apse structure and plan, and its "chess" decoration in strips, called taqueado jaqus. As the Christian kingdoms advanced to the South, that model spread throughout the reconquered areas with some variations. Spanish Romanesque has also influence of the Spanish pre-Romanesque styles, mainly the Asturian and the Mozarab. But there is also a strong influence of the moorish architecture, so close in space, especially the vaults of Crdoba`s Mosque, and the polylobulated arches. In the 13th century, some Romanesque churches alternated with the Gothic. Aragn, Castile and Navarra are some of the most dense areas of Spanish Romanesque.
Baslica de San Isidoro, with "Kings' Pantheon" Len Zamora Cathedral Other Romanesque buildings in Zamora Benavente: Church of Santa Mara del Azogue Salamanca Cathedral Real Monasterio de Nuestra Seora de Rueda, Aragon region Monastery of Santo Domingo de Silos Santa Mara la Mayor, Collegiate Church, Toro, province of Zamora vila, Church of San Vicente Soria, Santo Domingo Carrin de los Condes Church of Santiago Carrin de los Condes Church of Santa Mara de las Victorias San Juan de Ortega Church Aguilar de Campoo Church of Santa Cecilia Aguilar de Campoo Santa Mara la Real, Monastery Arenillas de San Pelayo Church of San Pelayo Barrio de Santa Mara Church of Santa Eulalia Cillamayor Church of Santa Mara la Real St. Martin, Frmista Olmos de Ojeda Church of Santa Eufemia

San Salvador de Cantamuda Collegiate Church Soria San Juan de Duero, Cloister Arbs Church A lot of rural romanesque churches of northern Burgos and Palencia The 20 romanesque churches of Segovia Duratn La Asuncin de Mara, church Fuentiduea Church of San Miguel Grado del Pico Church of San Pedro Perorrubio Church of San Pedro Requijada Church of Virgen de Las Vegas San Pedro de Gaillos Church Seplveda Church of San Salvador Estella San Pedro de la Ra. Church and cloister. Estella Church of San Miguel Estella Palace of the Kings of Navarra Torres del Ro Church of Santo Sepulcro Monastery of Leyre (San Salvador de Leyre) Abbey Sangesa Church of Santa Mara la Real Santillana del Mar Collegiate Church and cloister Jaca Cathedral Loarre castle San Juan de la Pea Churches of San Caprasio and Saint Mary in Santa Cruz de la Sers Rural early romanesque churches of Serrablo Huesca Sant Climent de Tall, Vall de Bo Sant Miquel de Cuix, Empord Tarragona Cathedral Cloister Monastery of Santa Maria de Ripoll Terrassa Churches of Saint Mary (old Cathedral), Saint Peter and Saint Michael Lugo Cathedral Santiago de Compostela Cathedral Santiago de Compostela Gelmirez Palace Santiago de Compostela Santa Mara del Sar (Colegiata) La Corua Church of Santiago La Corua Collegiate Church of Santa Mara del Campo Noia Church of San Martio Cathedral, Ourense, Romanesque and Gothic Church of San Juan of Portomarn Vilar de Donas, Monastery Sarria, Church Barbadelo, Church

Sweden and Scandinavia

Lund Cathedral

re Old Church, re Lund Cathedral, Lund

Nidaros Cathedral, Trondheim

Switzerland
Abbey of Romainmtier Abbey Church of Saint-Sulpice, Vaud Grossmnster Church, Zurich Payerne

United Kingdom England In England, Romanesque architecture is often termed 'Norman architecture'. Castles, cathedrals and churches of the Norman period have frequently been extended during later periods. It is normal to find Norman in combination with Gothic architecture.
Durham Cathedral is regarded as the finest Norman building in England and is sometimes cited as the finest Romanesque building in the world. Peterborough Cathedral is an intact Norman cathedral except for the early Gothic west front and late Gothic eastern ambulatory. Ely Cathedral: the nave is Norman and west front Norman and Transitional Norwich Cathedral, excluding the Gothic spire and vault Canterbury Cathedral: the crypt, chapels and two small towers remain from the previous building destroyed by fire. Hereford Cathedral Southwell Minster St Albans Cathedral Gloucester cathedral, the nave arcades Tewkesbury abbey church Rochester Cathedral St Bartholomew-the-Great, Smithfield, London Patrixbourne Church, Kent Barfrestone Church, Kent Tixover church Bradford Church of St. Chad, West Yorkshire Kilpeck Church Leominster Priory Oakham castle hall, a unique survival in England of the hall of a Norman fortified manor house Tower of London: the keep known as the White Tower Norwich Castle Ludlow Castle Rochester Castle, Kent The Holy Sepulchre, Cambridge

Scotland
Dunnottar Castle, older portions as Romanesque Muchalls Castle, ground level groin vault course only Myres Castle, undercroft only survives as Romaneseque St. Margaret's Chapel in Edinburgh Castle

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