Abstract

This report to be presented here covers Oil system piping in detail .The details include a
brief study about processes taking place in refinery for the purification of oil, the details of
the standards & codes authorized for the piping used in refineries, the fundamentals & the
materials used for the piping structures used in process industries in general and refineries in
particular.
The report also emphasize on the design aspects of the refinery piping involving the study of
internal & external pressures, Similarly the constructional aspects of refinery piping e.g.
welding requirements & other types of joints employed along with vibration control
strategies utilized in such structures. The importance of inspection & maintenance is
primary in any process industry this is also realized while writing this report.
We wrote this report with two objectives in mind: first, to convey the big picture, the
fundamental qualitative steps to any successful piping activity, whether it is a routine
maintenance work package, or a new multi-million dollar project. The second objective is to
explain the quantitative details, calculations and techniques essential in supporting competent
decisions.
Over the years, each industry has developed expertise and technology to resolve its unique
challenges. Yet, the fundamental engineering concepts (materials, design, construction and
integrity) are the same, and much is to be gained by understanding how different industries
approach and resolve similar problems. This report gives a brief introduction to these
techniques & strategies.
The report is divided into three portions each describing details of its own.
First portion involves the detailed study regarding the standards & codes used for defining
specifications of process piping, the components generally used in construction of piping
structures, materials usually used in such structures, it also include design aspects which are of
primary importance in process piping structures e.g. internal & external pressures and
viberational considerations.
The second portion of the report comprises of the details about processing taking place in the
refinery for the purification of crude oil e.g. Distillation.
As the study of whole refinery along its different departments is an entire field of study so we
limited our detailed study to one key portion of refinery known as Dehydration unit that serves
for the separation of water in various forms from crude oil, this constitutes the third portion of
the report also concluding it.
 Acknowledgment
Excellent preparatory work was instrumental in helping the study process move forward
efficiently and effectively. We want to express special thanks Prof. Dr. Shahab Khushnood for his
devoted help end guidance when ever required despite his tough responsibilities as chair man of
mechanical department. We would also like to offer special thanks to Mr. Ayaz Khan P.D Dhakni
for his guidance and help during our visit to OGDCL head quarters.