ENPE 241 Introduction to Petroleum Engineering

Dr. Daoyong (Tony) Yang

Chapter 1 Review of Oil and Gas Industry 1. History of oil and gas industry 2. Features of the Oil and Gas Industry Chapter 2 Petroleum Fluids

1. Nature of Petroleum Fluids 1) Components of Hydrocarbons 2) Organic chemistry 3) Structure of hydrocarbons 4) Properties of reservoir fluids Water Gas Crude oil 5) Phase Behavior (1) Pure Substance Phase diagrams (pressure-temperature diagrams) Use of phase diagram (2) Phase diagram of two component mixtures (3) Phase diagram of multi-component mixtures Chapter 3 Petroleum Geology and Rock Properties

1. Types of Rock 2. Formation of Sedimentary Rocks 3. Rock Formations 4. Geological Structure Traps Folding Faulting Basin 5. Formation of Petroleum Reservoirs Origin of Petroleum Generation of Oil Migration of Oil Accumulation/Entrapment 6. Reservoir Rocks Porosity Permeability 7. Conditions of A Petroleum Accumulation Chapter 4 1. Geological Techniques Surface mapping 1 Petroleum Exploration and Geophysics

ENPE 241 Introduction to Petroleum Engineering Geological reasoning Geochemical techniques 2. Geophysics Gravity survey Magnetic survey Seismic survey Chapter 5 5.1 Drilling Engineering 5.1.1 Cable Tool Drilling 5.1.2 Rotary Drilling System Drillbits Drillsrting Hoisting system Rotating systems Drilling fluid o Functions of drilling mud o Mud circulation system Pipe handling system Prime mover 5.1.3 Routine Drilling Procedures Drilling ahead Making a connection Roundtripping 5.1.4 Well Control Blowout Stuck pipe Twist-offs 5.1.5 Advanced Drilling Technology Directional drilling Horizontal drilling 5.2 Well Completions 5.2.1 Casing Casing program o Conductor pipe o Surface casing o Intermediate casing o Production casing 5.2.2 Completion methods Perforated completion Open-hole completion Wire-wrapped screen completion 5.2.3 Tubing 2

Dr. Daoyong (Tony) Yang

Drilling and Well Completion

ENPE 241 Introduction to Petroleum Engineering Chapter 6

Dr. Daoyong (Tony) Yang

Formation Evaluation and Reserves Estimates

1. Formation Evaluation 1) Drilling operations log Cutting sample log Drilling-time log Mud log 2) Coring 3) Productivity tests Drillstem testing Wireline formation testing 4) Open-hole well logs Logging operations Lithology (permeability) logs o Spontaneous potential (SP) log o Gamma ray log Porosity logs o Sonic (acoustic) log o Density log o Neutron log Resistivity logs Reservoir fluid samples 2. Reserves Estimation 1) Reserve categories Proved reserves Unproved reserves 2) Reserve determination methods Volumetric method Material balance method Reservoir modeling/simulation Production decline curve method Chapter 7 1. Reservoir Energy 2. Drive Mechanisms Water drive Gas drives Combination drives Gravity drainage 3. Basic Water-Oil Flow Properties 1) Wettability 2) Interfacial tension 3) Capillary pressure 4) Relative permeability 3 Reservoir Engineering

ENPE 241 Introduction to Petroleum Engineering (a) Definition (b) Steady-state method 3. Fundamentals of Fluid Flow Equations Linear Flow Radial Flow Chapter 8 1. Well productivity 2. Inflow Performance Relationship (IPR) 3. Production Operation Methods Flowing Beam pump or sucker rod pump Gas lift Hydraulic pump Electric submersible pump (ESP) Progressive cavity (PC) pump 5. Well Stimulation 1) Acidizing Matrix acidizing Fracture acidizing 2) Hydraulic fracturing

Dr. Daoyong (Tony) Yang

Production Engineering

Chapter 9 Improved Oil Recovery 1. Waterflood Waterfloods advantages Well patterns 2. Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) 1) EOR Goals 2) Miscible flooding Carbon dioxide flooding 3) Chemical flooding Surfactant flooding Polymer flooding Alkaline flooding ASP 4) Thermal recovery Fire flooding Steam flooding Cyclic steam flooding (huff-n-puff) Steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD)

ENPE 241 Introduction to Petroleum Engineering Chapter 10

Dr. Daoyong (Tony) Yang

Surface Handling and Transportation

1. Free-water Knockouts (FWKs or FWKOs) 2. Emulsion-breaking Facilities 1) Emulsions-breaking principles 2) Types of emulsion treaters 3. Storing Crude Oil 4. Transportation Inland waterway barges, railway tank cars, transport trucks, oceangoing tankers, crude oil and products pipelines, and gas transmission pipelines all play an important part in the oil and gas transportation industry. Chapter 11 1. What Refineries Do? 1) Processing procedures 2. Assays 3. Refining Processes 1) Treating Dehydration and desalting Hydrotreating Sulfur recovery 2) Fractional Distillation Atmospheric distillation Vacuum distillation 3) Cracking Catalytic cracking Thermal cracking Hydrocracking 4) Rearranging hydrocarbon molecules Alkylation Isomerization Catalytic reforming 5) Solvent extraction 6) Blending and using additives Chapter 12 Health, Safety and Environmental (HSE) Concerns Refining and Processing

1. Sample Problems and Their Solutions 1) Closed-loop drilling system 2) Synthetic-based drilling fluid 3) Detecting contaminated water and soil 4) Cleaning contaminated soil Mechanical methods Biodegradation Recycling 5

ENPE 241 Introduction to Petroleum Engineering 5) Blowout 6) Pipeline leakage and spill 7) Oil spills from tankers Prevention Cleaning up the sea o Boom o Skimmer o Burning o Dispersant Cleaning up the shore Cleaning up shallow waters Hazard to cleanup workers 8) Refining and petrochemical production Water quality Air quality Refining clean-burning fuels Gasification Safety

Dr. Daoyong (Tony) Yang