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MULTIPLE CHOICE
8. Frame Relay:
a. is faster than X.25 c. allows for variable length packets
b. does less error checking than X.25 d. all of the above
ANS: D
9. ATM stands for:
a. Asynchronous Transfer Mode c. Asynchronous Transmission Model
b. Asynchronous Transmission Mode d. Automatic Test Mode
ANS: A
10. A bridge:
a. separates a network into "collision domains"
b. looks at the address of each packet
c. operate at the data-link level
d. all of the above
ANS: D
14. IP is a:
a. connection-oriented protocol c. connectionless protocol
b. virtual circuit d. non-robust protocol
ANS: C
27. A DNS:
a. has become obsolete on the Internet
b. translates words to numbers
c. stores all domain addresses
d. describes the Internet address-naming procedure
ANS: B
COMPLETION
ANS: Metropolitan
ANS: Wide
ANS: leased
ANS: switched
ANS: forward
ANS: physical
ANS: data-link
ANS: network
ANS: CCITT
ANS: frame
ANS: packet
13. The physical route of a ____________________ circuit changes each time it is used.
ANS: virtual
ANS: bit-error
ANS: less
ANS: 53
17. Small frame size and a high-speed channel allow ____________________-time communications.
ANS: real
ANS: Repeaters
19. ____________________ look at the address inside a packet to decide whether or not to retransmit it.
ANS: Bridges
20. ____________________ decide the best network path on which to forward a packet.
ANS: Routers
ANS:
ARPANET
DARPANET
22. Between ISO OSI and TCP/IP, ____________________ was used first.
ANS: TCP/IP
23. A ____________________ protocol does not track packets after they are sent.
ANS: connectionless
24. HTTP allows the use of ____________________ that jump to other pages on the web.
ANS: hyperlinks
ANS: fiber-optic
ANS: DNS
27. Intranets usually connect to the Internet through a ____________________ for security.
ANS: firewall
ANS: IP
29. "____________________" is another term for real-time transmission over the Internet.
ANS: Streaming
ANS: ISP
SHORT ANSWER
ANS:
Network number, Subnet number, Host number
ANS:
A logical channel is a way of keeping track of which two nodes on the network have messages for each
other. The actual physical path can change while packets are being sent. Virtual means it behaves like
direct circuit between 'A' and 'B', but it is not a direct circuit.
3. Why is it faster to send packets of a fixed size compared to packets of variable size?
ANS:
The processing required to store and forward packets of different lengths is greater than that required for
packets of a fixed length. More processing implies more time per packet, which implies fewer packets per
second through the network.
4. Why are the tasks involved in digital communications divided into layers in a protocol stack? Why not
just have one layer that does it all?
ANS:
Divide and conquer: it reduces complexity to a manageable job. One big layer could not be adapted to
newer media etc as easily as a system of independent layers. Think of subroutines in a computer program.
5. What is a "hop"?
ANS:
Every time a packet is forwarded on to the next store-and-forward node in the network, it is considered to
be one "hop".
ANS:
Each packet contains a number representing the maximum number of allowed hops. At each hop, this
number is reduced by one. When it gets to zero, the packet is deleted from the network.
ANS:
If they didn't, then the number of "lost" packets traveling around the network would continuously
increase. At some point, there would be no bandwidth left to carry real traffic.