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EE/APR 2008/EPE491

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA FINAL EXAMINATION

COURSE COURSE CODE EXAMINATION TIME

: : : :

ELECTRICAL POWER AND MECHANICS EPE491 APRIL 2008 3 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES 1. 2. 3. 4. This question paper consists of six (6) questions. Answer FIVE questions only in the Answer Booklet. Start each answer on a new page. Do not bring any material into the examination room unless permission is given by the invigilator. Please check to make sure that this examination pack consists of: i) the Question Paper ii) an Answer Booklet - provided by the Faculty

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

This examination paper consists of 5 printed pages
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EE/APR 2008/EPE491

QUESTION 1 a) Briefly describe five main energy resources used to generate electrical energy. (5 marks) b) A 208 V three-phase power system is shown in Figure 1. It consists of an ideal 208 V Y-connected three-phase generator connected through a three-phase transmission line to a Y-connected load. The transmission line has an impedance of 0.06 + jO.12 Q per phase, and the load has an impedance of 12 + j9 Q per phase. Find; i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi) vii) The The The The The The The magnitude of the line current IL magnitude of the load's line-to-line and phase voltages VLL and V^ real, reactive and apparent powers consumed by the load power factor of the load real, reactive and apparent powers dissipated by the transmission line real, reactive and apparent powers supplied by the generator generator's power factor (15 marks)

0.06+./0.12Q
O.O6 + 7O.I2 Q

Z. =12 + 7"9.

V 4n =120Z-120

Figure 1

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QUESTION 2 a) There are four losses defined in a transformer. List and describe three of those losses. (3 marks) Test is performed on a single-phase, 2000 VA, 240/120 V, 50 Hz transformer and the following results are obtained: Voltmeter Ammeter Wattmeter Open-Circuit Test 240 V 0.5 A 20 W Short-Circuit Test 12V 8.33 A 10W

b)

All measurements were taken on the high-voltage side of the transformer. Using the approximate transformer model referred to the secondary side, i) ii) iii) iv) Sketch the equivalent circuit of the transformer. Determine the following parameters referred the low-voltage side of the transformer. Find the voltage regulation of the transformer at 0.85 pf lagging, Determine the efficiency of the transformer at rated conditions and 0.85 pf lagging. (17 marks)

QUESTION 3 a) Define the following terms in an induction motor; i) ii) b) Slip. Slip speed (3 marks) Why is it impossible for an induction motor to operate at synchronous speed? (2 marks) A three phase, 415V, 50 Hz, 4 pole, star connected induction motor has the following parameters: Rs=0.4Q Xs=j1Q XM=j50Q R'R=0.6Q X'R=j1Q Rotational losses = 566 W The rotor speed of the motor is 1425 rpm. Draw the equivalent circuit and power flow diagram of the induction motor. Hence, find the followings: i) ii) iii) The line current and power factor, The developed mechanical power, The efficiency of the motor. (15 marks)
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c)

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EE/APR 2008/EPE491

Sketch the phasor diagrams for a synchronous generator operating at; i) ii) iii) Unity power factor, Lagging power factor, Leading power factor. (6 marks)

b)

A 415 V, 200 kVA, 0.85 pF leading, 50 Hz, eight pole, Y connected synchronous motor has negligible armature resistance and a synchronous reactance of 0.5 Q. Ignore all losses. i) ii) ii) iii) What is the speed of this motor? What is the output torque of this motor? Calculate is the internal generated voltage at rated condition? If the field current is remaining as in part iii), what is the maximum possible output power that can be delivered by that motor? (14 marks)

QUESTION 5 a) List the associated problems with the implementation of commutation in a real dc machine. Explain the possible methods to solve these problems? (5 marks) Sketch the schematic diagram for the series, shunt and compound generator? (3 marks) A d.c series motor takes 40 A at 220 V and runs at 800 rpm. If the armature and field resistances are 0.2Q and 0.1 Q respectively; and the iron and friction losses are 0.5 kW, find the torque developed in the armature. What will be the output power of the motor? (12 marks)

b)

c)

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QUESTION 6 a) Draw the schematic diagrams for the three major starting techniques of single phase induction motor. (6 marks) A 110 V, 60Hz, six-pole, split phase induction motor has the following circuit parameters; ^=1.520 X 1 =2.10QX M =58.2Q R2=3.13Q X2=1.56Q

b)

The core losses of this motor are 35W, and friction, windage and stray losses are 16 W. The motor is operating at the rated voltage and frequency with its starting winding open, and the slip is 5%. Find the following quantities in the motor at these conditions. i) N) iii) iv) v) vi) vii) Stator current. Air gap power. Developed mechanical power. Induced torque. Output power. Load torque. Efficiency. (14 marks)

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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