Introduction to Working Life

Work is defined as an activity which requires effort. Work refers to doing something.

Different Types of Work i. Employment ii. Self Employment iii. Charity Work iv. Voluntary Work v. omework vi. ousework
Employment is defined as !work" which is undertaken for payment. The difference #etween work and employment is payment. Work Students completing their homework $arent making #reakfast for a child Employment Teacher preparing notes for class Chef in %m#er Springs making #reakfast

There are & sectors one can #e employed in Primary/Agricultural which included all employment in faring' fishing' forestry and mining Secondary/Industrial which includes all employment in construction and manufacturing Tertiary/Services which includes retailers (shops)' wholesalers (cash and Carries)' Tourism Services (hotels)' legal' transport' pu#lic services (schools' parks) etc. Identify 3 main types of economic Activity in our area Primary Secondary Tertiary

Tourism This #egan to develop during the *ndustrial +evolution period in the late ,- th.early ,/th century following the construction of roads' railways and canals. The canals in the early ,/ th century marked the #eginning of tourism in *reland. This further #egan to develop during the ,/01"s. 2y the ,//1"s travelling #y aeroplane and foreign holidays were common in *reland. Tourism is recognised as a ma3or source of income for the *rish economy. During this period (the /1"s) *reland #egan to tap into it"s tourist potential. Visiters came to *reland' stayed in *rish accommodation' spent money on *rish products and put money into the *rish economy. 4any 252"s' hotels and guest houses have emerged for the purpose of tourism for e6ample. %reas such as the Wicklow Way' the Slaney Drive' 7r. 4urphy"s last 3ourney have #een developed to attract and entertain tourists. $laces such as The +ing of 8erry' Connamara' 9alway' 2unratty Castle' Dingle' 9lendalough are considered must see attractions in *reland.

$laces of historical interest' scenery' craft enterprises' heritage centres' recreational facilities' night life' hotels and guest houses are some of the attractions tourists come to see. The 4ain tourist attractions in the area

Employment There are a num#er of different types of paid employment that one can engage in. 7ull:time employment refers to most employees who work #etween thirty:eight and forty hours per week on a regular' on:going #asis. $art:time employment refers to employees who work on a regular' on:going #asis #ut work fewer hours than full:time employees. Casual employment refers to workers who are on stand#y to do work as required without fi6ed hours or attendance arrangements. 7i6ed:term employment refers to employees who are employed to do a 3o# for an agreed length of time. 4any employers hire fi6ed:term employees to work on a specific pro3ect or to fill in for employees who may #e on leave.

%dvantages of employment i. ;ou receive a regular income (this allows you to plan your spending) ii. ;ou don"t have to worry a#out searching for a 3o# iii. *t #oosts people"s confidence and self<esteem as it gives people something to get up for and gives them a sense of independence. iv. Employment can thus give many people a great deal of satisfaction. v. Some forms of employment allow people to feel that they are making a difference and helping others vi. ;ou have set hours in which you work which allows you to make plans outside your working life vii. The prospects of promotion can motivate you Disadvantages of employment i. 4otivation may decrease ii. ;ou work #ecomes less varied iii. ;ou may loose fle6i#ility
Self-employment

$eople who are self:employed work for themselves for payment. They control their work and conditions. They pay themselves out of any profits made. Eg.= a #utcher' #uilder' hairdresser' pu# owner' etc.

%dvantages of self:employment i. $eople can make their own decisions. ii. They are their own #oss and are independent iii. They are a#le to choose what they want to do (may#e develop their ho##y) iv. They are a#le to keep all the profit Disadvantages of #eing self:employed i. Their #usiness could fail (eg. 2ecause of a wet summer) ii. They might have to work long hours iii. They may have to use their savings if things #reak down and have limited finance iv. They #ear the personal and financial risk.
T!e La"our #orce This includes all those who are employed in some way and those who are availa#le for work #ut who are una#le to find work

$nemployment refers to a situation where people who want to work for payment are una#le to get work.

4ain reasons for unemployment i. >ess people working in agriculture and industry ii. 4ore competition has led to #usinesses reducing their workforce (downsi?ing) iii. @ew technology replacing workers. iv. *ncrease in the num#er of part:time work v. Changes in the economy Ways of +educing Anemployment i. *ncrease Sales and production ii. +eplace imports with *rish goods iii. Encourage enterprise iv. *mprove your skills (upskill) #y taking more courses'
Assistance for t!e $nemployed 7inancial Support The Department of Social and 7amily %ffairs provides weekly unemployment #enefit.assistance. To qualify for this a person needs to #e Ander 00 years old Capa#le of work %vaila#le for full time work 9enuinely seeking work Anemployed Training Support The Department of Social and 7amily %ffairs' with other agencies' administers training and educational options. These schemes are designed to #ridge the gap #etween welfare dependency and employment #y helping people the with often difficult transition #etween the two. i. $art time Bo# *ncentive Scheme ii. Vocational Training Cpportunities Scheme 7%S is *reland"s national training and employment authority. *t aims to *mprove employa#ility 4eet la#our market needs $romote social inclusion 7%S offers a wide range of courses including i. Community employment schemes ii. Day and evening courses iii. %pprenticeship schemes iv. Environmental training courses v. 7%S @et College

*f involved in a 7%S training scheme you will receive a weekly training allowance. ;ou may also receive travel' lunch and accommodation e6penses depending on your circumstances. ;outhreach is aimed at people #etween the ages of fifteen and twenty who have left school without any formal training. *t aims to improve vocational and work e6perience skills 7ailte *reland supports the development of the *rish tourist industry #y developing skills of people over ,D in the tourism and catering sector. 7ailte *reland offers a range of full:time and part:time courses. Traininf is free and uniforms' lunch and training allowance is provided for the three month duration of the 7ET%C accredited programmes. Coillte works closely with those involved in tim#er production and provides services in *reland in the areas of forestry. Coillte provides training for those interested in this profession' The Crafts Council of *reland aims to develop the craft market in *reland and a#road #y running full:time craft related courses in 3ewellery and pottery. Community Enterprise Schemes is for the long:term unemployed. %dvice and training is given to a community #ased group that as a via#le plan to create local employment. This is an opportunity to enter part:time employment and work in local organisations so that the local area #enefits. VTCS (Vocational Training Cpportunities Scheme) Courses are +un #y the Department of Education and Science and operated through the VEC"s. Anemployed adults are given the chance to learn new skills and prepare for work opportunities. They cover a wide range of su#3ects which can lead to qualifications such as the Bunior Certificate' >eaving Certificate' the $ost:>eaving Certificate and City and 9uilds Certificates.