Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
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UNIT 1
INDUSTRIAL DRAWINGS
UNIT 2
ENGINEERING DRAWINGS
UNIT 3
ORTHOGRAPHIC DRAWINGS
UNIT 4
ISOMETRIC DRAWINGS
UNIT 5
P & ID SYMBOLS
UNIT 6
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Para
Page
5.0
COURSE OBJECTIVES
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
INSTRUMENT SYMBOLS
11
5.6.1
13
5.7
PIPELINE DESIGNATION
14
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COURSE OBJECTIVES
This course explains the reasons why industrial drawings are needed, and the
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different types of industrial drawings which are used. Other units in this course give
more detailed information so that, on completion of the course, the student will be
able to:
Identify and explain the reasons for exploded and assembly drawings.
Take dimensions off a drawing and understand the use of scale drawings.
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5.1
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Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P & ID) show the instrumentation which is
fitted to a particular plant. Depending on the size of the plant there may be only two
or three diagrams or many hundreds. They must be used when any plant
maintenance work is carried out. Unfortunately there is no standard method for
drawing P & IDs and only the basics of the system can be shown. This Unit shows
the general symbols.
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5.3
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5.4
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5.5
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5.6
INSTRUMENT SYMBOLS
The instruments fitted into a control loop on a P & ID are shown by a circle. Letters
and numbers are written inside the circle to show the function of the instrument and
its identification (tag) number. The first letter indicates the process variable being
measured and the following letters indicate what it does (what its function is).
Normally the maximum number of letters is 4.
All instruments in the same loop, for example, transmitter, controller and control
valve, have the same tag number.
The letters used on a P & ID to show the operation of an instrument are not always
the same in every diagram.
Table 1 shows a list of common letters and their meanings. Lines are drawn in the
circle to show the instrument's position in the plant as follows :
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5.6.1
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5.7
PIPELINE DESIGNATION
Piping on a P & ID is indicated by:
The specification is usually given using American standards e.g. American Society
of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). or American Petroleum Institute (API).
Each installation uses slightly different methods to do this but the end result is the
same. A typical example is given below.
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