GIAO TRNH EDA (ELECTRONIC DESIGN AUTOMATION) - T ONG THIET KE MACH IEN T VI ORCAD BAI TAP 7

THIET KE VA VE S O MACH IN
MACH AVR 1 PHA VIET NAM.
Trong bai tap nay ban se c hng dan thiet ke s o mach in cho mach AVR 1 pha
Viet nam co s o nguyen ly nh sau:

AI HOC S PHAM KY THUAT KHOA IEN BIEN SOAN : PHAM QUANG HUY - HUYNH MINH ANG 157
GIAO TRNH EDA (ELECTRONIC DESIGN AUTOMATION) - T ONG THIET KE MACH IEN T VI ORCAD BAI TAP 7

e khi ong chng trnh ve s o nguyen ly trong ORCAD, nhap chon Start >
Programs > OrCAD Release 9 > Capture.
Muon m mot trang mi, nhap chon File > New > Project.

Hop thoai New Project xuat hien. Tai khung Create a New Project Using, nhap chon
muc Schematic. Tai khung Name, nhap ten can at cho mach ien. Tai khung Location nhap
chuot vao nut Browse e chon ng dan cho mach c gi vao. Khi chon xong tat ca nhap
chuot vao nut OK.

Trong s o nguyen ly co cac linh kien nh sau: 34 IEN TR, 1 BIEN TR, 2 TU
PHAN CC, 5 DIODE, 1 DIODE ZENER, 2 LED, 12 TRANSISTOR, 2 CHAN CAM 2
CHAN, 1 CHAN CAM 3 CHAN, 19 CHAN MASS, 3 NGUON V1, 2 NGUON V2.
Man hnh lam viec cua Orcad xuat hien, e lay linh kien cho mach, nhap chuot vao bieu
tng Place part tren thanh cong cu.

Hop thoai Place Part xuat hien, khung Libraries khong co nhng muc cha linh kien ta
can nen nhap chuot vao nut Add Library e lay muc cha linh kien ta can.
AI HOC S PHAM KY THUAT KHOA IEN BIEN SOAN : PHAM QUANG HUY - HUYNH MINH ANG 158
GIAO TRNH EDA (ELECTRONIC DESIGN AUTOMATION) - T ONG THIET KE MACH IEN T VI ORCAD BAI TAP 7


Hop thoai Browse File xuat hien, trc tien lay ien tr, nhap chuot vao ten Discrete.
Chon xong nhap Open.

Hop thoai Place Part
xuat hien vi muc Discrete a
c nap vao khung Libraries.
e lay ien tr, nhap chuot vao
muc Discrete. Tai khung Part
nhap chuot vao thanh cuon ben
phai e tm R. Khi tm thay
ien tr th nhap chon no. Chon
xong nhap OK. Con tro chuot
xuat hien hnh dang linh kien
can, di chuyen no ra man hnh
lam viec va nhap chuot tai
nhng v tr khac nhau e chon
v tr, so lng ien tr.

AI HOC S PHAM KY THUAT KHOA IEN BIEN SOAN : PHAM QUANG HUY - HUYNH MINH ANG 159
GIAO TRNH EDA (ELECTRONIC DESIGN AUTOMATION) - T ONG THIET KE MACH IEN T VI ORCAD BAI TAP 7

e tiep tuc lay bien tr nhap chuot vao bieu tng Place part tren thanh cong cu, hop
thoai Place Part xuat hien. Tai khung Libraries nhap chon muc Discrete, tai khung Part nhap
chon ten RESISTOR VAR. Chon xong nhap OK va di chuyen con tro ra man hnh lam viec e
nhap chon v tr bien tr.

e chon tu phan cc, nhap chuot vao bieu tng Place part tren thanh cong cu. Hop
thoai Place Part xuat hien, tai khung Part nhap chon ten CAPACITOR POL. Chon xong nhap
OK va di chuyen con tro ra man hnh lam viec nhap chon v tr, so lng tu.

Tiep tuc ta lay Diode bang cach nhap chuot vao bieu tng Place part tren thanh cong
cu. Hop thoai Place Part xuat hien, tai khung Part nhap chon ten DIODE. Chon xong nhap
OK va di chuyen con tro ra man hnh lam viec roi nhap chon v tr, so lng Diode.
AI HOC S PHAM KY THUAT KHOA IEN BIEN SOAN : PHAM QUANG HUY - HUYNH MINH ANG 160
GIAO TRNH EDA (ELECTRONIC DESIGN AUTOMATION) - T ONG THIET KE MACH IEN T VI ORCAD BAI TAP 7


e chon Diode
zener, nhap chuot vao
bieu tng Place part
tren thanh cong cu. Hop
thoai Place Part xuat
hien, tai khung Part
nhap chon ten DIODE
ZENER. Chon xong
nhap OK va di chuyen
con tro ra man hnh lam
viec nhap chon v tr, so
lng zener.

e chon Led,
nhap chuot vao bieu
tng Place part tren
thanh cong cu. Hop
thoai Place Part xuat
hien, tai khung Part
nhap chon ten LN01201.
Chon xong nhap OK va
di chuyen con tro ra
man hnh lam viec nhap
chon v tr, so lng
Led.

AI HOC S PHAM KY THUAT KHOA IEN BIEN SOAN : PHAM QUANG HUY - HUYNH MINH ANG 161
GIAO TRNH EDA (ELECTRONIC DESIGN AUTOMATION) - T ONG THIET KE MACH IEN T VI ORCAD BAI TAP 7

e lay Transistor
(khong co trong muc nay), nhap
chuot vao bieu tng Place
part tren thanh cong cu. Hop
thoai Place Part xuat hien, e
lay muc co cha Transistor
nhap chuot vao nut Add
Library.

Hop thoai Browse File xuat hien, nhap chuot vao thanh cuon ben di e tm va chon
muc Transistor. Chon xong nhap Open.

Hop thoai Place Part
xuat hien, tai khung Libraries
nhap chon muc
TRANSISTOR. Tai khung
Part nhap chon Transistor
can, ay ta nhap chuot vao
ten BC 109. Chon xong nhap
OK va di chuyen con tro ra
man hnh lam viec roi nhap
chon v tr, so lng
Transistor.

AI HOC S PHAM KY THUAT KHOA IEN BIEN SOAN : PHAM QUANG HUY - HUYNH MINH ANG 162
GIAO TRNH EDA (ELECTRONIC DESIGN AUTOMATION) - T ONG THIET KE MACH IEN T VI ORCAD BAI TAP 7

Tiep tuc ta lay cac chan
cam cho mach, ta nhap chuot
vao bieu tng Place part tren
thanh cong cu. Hop thoai Place
Part xuat hien, nhap chuot vao
nut Add Library e lay muc
cha chan cam.

Hop thoai Browse File xuat hien, nhap chuot vao thanh cuon ben di e tm va chon
muc Connector. Chon xong nhap OK.

Hop thoai Place Part
xuat hien, tai khung Libraries
nhap chon muc CONNECTOR.
Tai khung Part nhap chon chan
cam can, ay ta nhap chuot
vao ten CON2. Chon xong nhap
OK va di chuyen con tro ra
man hnh lam viec roi nhap
chon v tr, so lng chan cam.

AI HOC S PHAM KY THUAT KHOA IEN BIEN SOAN : PHAM QUANG HUY - HUYNH MINH ANG 163
GIAO TRNH EDA (ELECTRONIC DESIGN AUTOMATION) - T ONG THIET KE MACH IEN T VI ORCAD BAI TAP 7

e chon chan cam 3 chan, nhap chuot vao bieu tng Place part tren thanh cong cu.
Hop thoai Place Part xuat hien, tai khung Part nhap chon ten CON3. Chon xong nhap OK va
di chuyen con tro ra man hnh lam viec nhap chon v tr chan cam nay.

e lay nguon Mass cho mach, nhap chuot vao bieu tng Place ground tren thanh cong
cu.

Hop thoai Place Ground xuat hien, tai khung Symbol nhap chon ten
GND_POWER/CAPSYM. Chon xong nhap OK va di chuyen con tro ra man hnh lam viec roi
nhap chon v tr, so lng chan Mass can cho mach.

AI HOC S PHAM KY THUAT KHOA IEN BIEN SOAN : PHAM QUANG HUY - HUYNH MINH ANG 164
GIAO TRNH EDA (ELECTRONIC DESIGN AUTOMATION) - T ONG THIET KE MACH IEN T VI ORCAD BAI TAP 7

e lay nguon V1 cho mach, nhap chuot vao bieu tng Place power tren thanh cong cu.

Hop thoai Place Power xuat hien, tai khung Symbol nhap chon ten VCC
ARROW/CAPSYM. Chon xong nhap OK va di chuyen con tro ra man hnh lam viec roi nhap
chon v tr, so lng chan V1 can cho mach.

e lay nguon V2 cho mach nhap chuot vao bieu tng Place power tren thanh cong cu.
Hop thoai Place Power xuat hien, tai khung Symbol nhap chon ten VCC CIRCLE/CAPSYM.
Chon xong nhap OK va di chuyen con tro ra man hnh lam viec roi nhap chon v tr, so lng
chan V2 can cho mach.

Sau khi tat ca cac linh kien a c lay ra man
hnh lam viec, e hnh dang linh kien khong xuat hien tai
con tro chuot na, nhap chuot vao bieu tng Select tren
thanh cong cu.

AI HOC S PHAM KY THUAT KHOA IEN BIEN SOAN : PHAM QUANG HUY - HUYNH MINH ANG 165
GIAO TRNH EDA (ELECTRONIC DESIGN AUTOMATION) - T ONG THIET KE MACH IEN T VI ORCAD BAI TAP 7

Sau khi lay tat ca cac linh kien ra man hnh lam viec, cac linh kien c lay ra nh sau:

Tiep tuc tien hanh sap xep linh kien. Muon di chuyen linh kien, ch viec nhap chuot vao
bieu tng linh kien va re chuot. Muon quay linh kien oi xng qua truc ng, nhap chon linh
kien roi nhap phai chuot. Mot ca so xuat hien, nhap chuot vao Mirror Horizontally. Muon
quay linh kien mot goc 90
o
, nhap chon linh kien roi nhap phai chuot. Mot ca so xuat hien,
nhap chuot vao Rotate. Muon quay linh kien oi xng qua truc nam ngang, nhap chon linh kien
roi nhap phai chuot. Mot ca so xuat hien, nhap chuot vao Mirror Vertically.

Trong khi di chuyen, co khi cho chan linh kien nay cham chan linh kien kia. Hop thoai
OrCAD Capture xuat hien rang neu muon noi hai chan linh kien nay vi nhau th nhap OK.
Neu khong muon noi th nhap OK roi nhap vao bieu tng Undo tren thanh cong cu e di
chuyen lai.

Sau khi di chuyen cac linh kien theo s o nguyen ly, cac linh kien c sap xep nh
sau:
AI HOC S PHAM KY THUAT KHOA IEN BIEN SOAN : PHAM QUANG HUY - HUYNH MINH ANG 166
GIAO TRNH EDA (ELECTRONIC DESIGN AUTOMATION) - T ONG THIET KE MACH IEN T VI ORCAD BAI TAP 7


e thay oi gia
tr linh kien, nhap up
chuot vao gia tr linh
kien can thay oi. Hop
thoai Display
Properties xuat hien,
tai khung Value nhap
gia tr can at cho linh
kien. Nhap gia tr xong
nhap OK.

Trong khi thay oi
gia tr linh kien, co nhng
gia tr linh kien khong can
thay oi cung nh khong
muon cho no xuat hien tren
mach ien, nhap up vao
gia tr linh kien o. Hop
thoai Display Properties
xuat hien, tai khung
Display Format nhap
chuot vao muc Do not
Display. Chon xong nhap
OK.

AI HOC S PHAM KY THUAT KHOA IEN BIEN SOAN : PHAM QUANG HUY - HUYNH MINH ANG 167
GIAO TRNH EDA (ELECTRONIC DESIGN AUTOMATION) - T ONG THIET KE MACH IEN T VI ORCAD BAI TAP 7

Tiep tuc tien hanh noi chan cac linh kien theo s o nguyen ly,
nhap chuot vao bieu tng Place wire tren thanh cong cu. Con tro chuot
thay oi thanh hnh ch thap, nhap chuot tai chan linh kien can noi roi
di chuyen con tro en chan linh kien can noi vi no va nhap chuot.

C the tiep tuc cho en khi tat ca cac linh kien c noi theo s o nguyen ly sau:

e kiem tra loi cho s o nguyen ly va
chuyen sang s o mach in, nhap chuot vao bieu
tng Minimize goc phai pha tren man hnh.

Man hnh nh sau xuat hien, tai khung ben trai nhap chon trang PAGE1. Sau o nhap
chuot vao bieu tng Design rules check e kiem tra loi.

AI HOC S PHAM KY THUAT KHOA IEN BIEN SOAN : PHAM QUANG HUY - HUYNH MINH ANG 168
GIAO TRNH EDA (ELECTRONIC DESIGN AUTOMATION) - T ONG THIET KE MACH IEN T VI ORCAD BAI TAP 7

Hop thoai Design Rules Check xuat hien, nhap chuot vao nut OK e tien hanh kiem
tra. Neu khong thay thong bao g ngha la mach khong co loi.

Tiep tuc, tao tap tin co uoi .mnl e thiet ke mach
in. Nhap chuot vao bieu tng Create netlist tren thanh
cong cu.

Hop thoai Create netlist xuat hien, nhap chuot vao Layout, tai khung Netlist File co
the nhap chuot vao nut Browse e chon ng dan cho tap tin c gi vao. Chon xong nhap
OK.

AI HOC S PHAM KY THUAT KHOA IEN BIEN SOAN : PHAM QUANG HUY - HUYNH MINH ANG 169
GIAO TRNH EDA (ELECTRONIC DESIGN AUTOMATION) - T ONG THIET KE MACH IEN T VI ORCAD BAI TAP 7

Mot hop thoai xuat hien thong bao la tap tin tren se c Save e ket noi. Nhap OK e
tiep tuc.

Tiep tuc chuyen sang che o thiet ke mach in, ta chon Start > Programs > OrCAD
Release 9 > Layuot Plus.

Man hnh thiet ke mach in xuat hien, nhap chuot vao File > New e m mot File mi.

Hop thoai Load Template File xuat hien, nhap chuot vao nut Open.

AI HOC S PHAM KY THUAT KHOA IEN BIEN SOAN : PHAM QUANG HUY - HUYNH MINH ANG 170
GIAO TRNH EDA (ELECTRONIC DESIGN AUTOMATION) - T ONG THIET KE MACH IEN T VI ORCAD BAI TAP 7

Hop thoai Load Netlist
Source xuat hien, nhap chon
ten mach can thiet ke mach in.
Chon xong nhap Open.
Hop thoai Save File As
xuat hien, tai khung File name
nhap ten can at cho mach in
vao (tuy chon). Nhap xong
nhap Save.

Sau mot thi gian ch
i, hop thoai nh sau xuat
hien. Trong hop thoai Link
Footprint to Component thay
thong bao la khong the tm
thay chan mach in cua D7 co
ten la LN01201. V the nen
phai tm chan cho linh kien
nay bang cach nhap chuot vao
nut Link existing footprint to
component


Hop thoai Footprint for LN01201 xuat hien, tai khung Libraries nhap chon muc
JUMPER. Tai khung Footprints nhap chon muc JUMPER 100 e chon chan mach in cho Led.
Chon xong nhap Ok.
AI HOC S PHAM KY THUAT KHOA IEN BIEN SOAN : PHAM QUANG HUY - HUYNH MINH ANG 171
GIAO TRNH EDA (ELECTRONIC DESIGN AUTOMATION) - T ONG THIET KE MACH IEN T VI ORCAD BAI TAP 7


Hop thoai Link Footprint to
Component xuat hien, thong bao la
khong the tm thay chan mach in cua Q1
co ten la BC109. V the nen can tm
chan cho linh kien nay bang cach nhap
chuot vao nut Link existing footprint to
component


Hop
thoai
Footprint for
BC109 xuat
hien, tai khung
Libraries nhap
chon muc TO.
Tai khung
Footprints
nhap chon muc
TO202AA e
chon chan
mach in cho
Transistor.
Chon xong
nhap Ok.

AI HOC S PHAM KY THUAT KHOA IEN BIEN SOAN : PHAM QUANG HUY - HUYNH MINH ANG 172
GIAO TRNH EDA (ELECTRONIC DESIGN AUTOMATION) - T ONG THIET KE MACH IEN T VI ORCAD BAI TAP 7

Hop thoai Link Footprint to
Component lai xuat hien vi thong bao
la khong the tm thay chan mach in cua
J3 co ten la CON3. Cho nen phai tm
chan cho linh kien nay bang cach nhap
chuot vao nut Link existing footprint
to component

Hop thoai Footprint for CON3 xuat hien, tai khung Libraries nhap chon muc
BCON100T. Tai khung Footprints nhap chon muc BLKCON.100/VH/TM1SQ/W.100/3 e
chon chan mach in cho chan cam. Chon xong nhap Ok.

Sau khi chon chan cho cac linh kien ta co cac linh kien trong s o mach in nh sau:

Tien hanh sap xep cac linh kien. e khong b gii han bi khung
mach in co san, nhap chuot vao bieu tng Reconnect Mode tren thanh
cong cu.

AI HOC S PHAM KY THUAT KHOA IEN BIEN SOAN : PHAM QUANG HUY - HUYNH MINH ANG 173
GIAO TRNH EDA (ELECTRONIC DESIGN AUTOMATION) - T ONG THIET KE MACH IEN T VI ORCAD BAI TAP 7

Sau khi nhap chuot vao bieu tng Reconnect Mode, cac linh kien hien ra nh hnh.

Nhap chuot vao bieu tng linh kien va re chuot en v tr can at linh kien roi nhap
chuot. Muon quay linh kien mot goc 90
o
, nhap chon bieu tng linh kien roi nhap phai chuot,
mot ca so xuat hien, nhap chuot vao Rotate hay nhan phm R tren ban phm.
Sau khi sap xep xong, cac linh kien trong mach c sap xep nh sau:

e ve khung gii han cho mach in, nhap chuot vao bieu tng Obstacle Tool tren thanh
cong cu.

Con tro chuot thay oi hnh dang, nhap chuot tai mot iem can at cho khung gii han,
di chuyen con tro en iem can at khac va nhap chuot. C the tiep tuc cho en khi khung
mach in hoan chnh nh sau:

Sau khi khung gii han mach in hoan
thanh, e thoat khoi lenh nay ta nhap phai
chuot, mot ca so xuat hien, nhap chuot vao
End Command.

AI HOC S PHAM KY THUAT KHOA IEN BIEN SOAN : PHAM QUANG HUY - HUYNH MINH ANG 174
GIAO TRNH EDA (ELECTRONIC DESIGN AUTOMATION) - T ONG THIET KE MACH IEN T VI ORCAD BAI TAP 7

e cho mach in khong con roi na, cho an cac ten khong can thiet cua linh kien bang
cach tai khung trang thai, nhap chuot ngay mui ten hng xuong cua 1 TOP va chon 23 AST.

Sau o nhap chon View > Visible <> Invisible e cho an nhng ten nay. Muon cho hien
lai cung tien hanh lam cac bc nh tren.

Sau khi cho an ten linh kien, cac linh kien trong mach nh sau:

e chon lp cho chng trnh chay mach in, nhap chuot vao bieu tng dang caro tren
thanh cong cu. Mot ca so xuat hien, nhap chuot vao Strategy > Route Layer.

AI HOC S PHAM KY THUAT KHOA IEN BIEN SOAN : PHAM QUANG HUY - HUYNH MINH ANG 175
GIAO TRNH EDA (ELECTRONIC DESIGN AUTOMATION) - T ONG THIET KE MACH IEN T VI ORCAD BAI TAP 7

Hop thoai Route Layer xuat hien, nhap chon tai tat ca cac o trong cot Enable, dong
BOTTOM, INNER1, INNER2. Chon xong nhap phai chuot, mot ca so xuat hien, nhap chon
Properties.

Hop thoai Edit Layer Strategy
xuat hien, nhap bo muc Routing
Enabled. Xong nhap OK.
Hop thoai Route Layer xuat
hien, nhap chuot vao bieu tng Close
goc phai pha tren hop thoai.


AI HOC S PHAM KY THUAT KHOA IEN BIEN SOAN : PHAM QUANG HUY - HUYNH MINH ANG 176
GIAO TRNH EDA (ELECTRONIC DESIGN AUTOMATION) - T ONG THIET KE MACH IEN T VI ORCAD BAI TAP 7

e chng trnh t ong chay mach in, nhap chon Auto > Autoroute > Board.

Sau mot luc ch chng trnh chay mach in, thong bao sau xuat hien, nhap OK e thay
s o mach in.

Chng trnh chay mach in nh hnh sau:

Trong hnh chng trnh chay mach in khong hoan thanh, con mot so ng chng trnh
cha thiet ke mach in c. Tien hanh sap xep lai, trc khi sap xep lai, hay g nhng ng
mach in a thiet ke trc bang cach nhap chon Auto > Unroute >Board.

AI HOC S PHAM KY THUAT KHOA IEN BIEN SOAN : PHAM QUANG HUY - HUYNH MINH ANG 177
GIAO TRNH EDA (ELECTRONIC DESIGN AUTOMATION) - T ONG THIET KE MACH IEN T VI ORCAD BAI TAP 7

Sau khi g nhng ng mach in cu, nhap chuot vao bieu tng Reconnect Mode va
bieu tng Component Tool tren thanh cong cu e di chuyen linh kien.

Sau khi di chuyen linh kien xong, cac linh kien trong mach c sap xep nh sau:

Hay nhap chon Auto > Autoroute > Board e cho chng trnh t ong chay mach in
lai. Sau khi chng trnh chay mach in lai, mach in a c thiet lap nh sau:

e at nhan hieu cho mach in, nhap chuot vao bieu tng Text Tool tren thanh cong cu.
nhap phai chuot vao mach in, mot ca so xuat hien, nhap chuot vao New

Hop thoai Text Edit xuat hien, tai khung Text String nhap ten can at cho mach vao.
Nhap ten xong nhap OK.
AI HOC S PHAM KY THUAT KHOA IEN BIEN SOAN : PHAM QUANG HUY - HUYNH MINH ANG 178
GIAO TRNH EDA (ELECTRONIC DESIGN AUTOMATION) - T ONG THIET KE MACH IEN T VI ORCAD BAI TAP 7


Con tro chuot xuat hien hang ch va nhap, hay di chuyen con tro en v tr can at cho
nhan hieu va nhap chuot.

Neu thay khung ch vi chieu cao mac nh khong tng xng vi khung mach in nen
tien hanh thay oi o cao, khoang cach gia cac ch bang cach nhap up vao khung ch, hop
thoai Text Edit xuat hien. Tai khung Line Width nhap so 30, tai khung Text Height nhap so
150. Nhap xong nhap OK.
AI HOC S PHAM KY THUAT KHOA IEN BIEN SOAN : PHAM QUANG HUY - HUYNH MINH ANG 179
GIAO TRNH EDA (ELECTRONIC DESIGN AUTOMATION) - T ONG THIET KE MACH IEN T VI ORCAD BAI TAP 7


Khi o mach in hoan chnh nh sau:

Cuoi cung, nhap chuot vao bieu tng Save tren thanh cong cu e gi lai nhng g a
thc hien.

AI HOC S PHAM KY THUAT KHOA IEN BIEN SOAN : PHAM QUANG HUY - HUYNH MINH ANG 180