ANSI/AISC 358-10

ANSI/AISC 358-10 Chapters 1-4

1. General 2. Design Requirements All connections in this Standard shall be considered to be fully restrained (Type FR) for purpose of seismic analysis. Rolled wide-flange or built-up members permitted as long as conform to cross section profile limitations applicable to specific connection. (Additional requirements in Chp. 2 on welding for builtup beams and properties of built-up columns.) 3. Welding Requirements 4. Bolting Requirements

ANSI/AISC 358-10 Chapters 1-4

1. General 2. Design Requirements 2.4.1 For connection design:

fd = 1.00 for ductile limit states

fn = 0.90 for nonductile limit states
For available strengths calculated in accordance with this Standard.

ANSI/AISC 358-10 Chapters 1-4

1. General 2. Design Requirements 2.4.3 Probable Maximum Moment at Plastic Hinge

Factor to account for peak connection strength

Effective plastic section modulus of section (or connection) at location of plastic hinge

ANSI/AISC 358-10 Chapters 1-4

1. General 2. Design Requirements 2.4.3 Probable Maximum Moment at Plastic Hinge

Attempts to account for strain hardening, local restraint, additional reinforcement, other connection conditions

Unless otherwise specifically indicated in this Standard

ANSI/AISC 358-10 Chapters 1-4

1. General 2. Design Requirements 3. Welding Requirements Points to AISC Seismic Provisions for filler metals and welding procedures. Specifics for weld tabs and backing bars at beam-tocolumn and continuity plate-to-column joints. Also, requirements for continuity plate welds. (Also provides information for prohibited welds (e.g., tack welds to connect backing bar to beam flange), including how to repair if welded in error).

ANSI/AISC 358-10 Chapters 1-4

1. 2. 3. 4. General Design Requirements Welding Requirements Bolting Requirements

Points to other standards for fastener and installation requirements.

Refers to AISC Seismic Provisions for quality control and quality assurance.

Reduced Beam Section (RBS) Moment Connection

RBS Concept:

Trim Beam Flanges Near Connection Connection

Reduce Moment at

Force Plastic Hinge Away from Connection

Example of laboratory performance of an RBS connection:

Whitewashed connection prior to testing:

Whitewashed connection prior to testing:

Connection at 0.02 radian......

Connection at 0.02 radian......

Connection at 0.03 radian......

Connection at 0.04 radian......

5000 4000 3000

Bending Moment (kN-m)

Mp

2000 1000 0 -1000 -2000 -3000

Mp
-4000 -5000 -0.05 -0.04 -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 Drift Angle (radian) RBS Connection

ANSI/AISC 358: Section 5.3 Prequalification Limits for RBS Beam depth: Beam weight: up to W36 (for rolled shapes) up to 300 lb/ft

Beam flange:
Span:depth

up to 1-3/4 inch thick

clear span-to-depth ratio of beam limited to: 7 or greater for SMF 5 or greater for IMF

Lateral bracing requirements and protected zone dimensions specified

ANSI/AISC 358: Section 5.3 Prequalification Limits for RBS Column depth: up to W36 for wide-flange up to 24-inches for box columns

Beam connected to column flange (connections to column web not prequalified) Refer to Chapter 2 and AISC Seismic Provisions for other requirements

ANSI/AISC 358:

Prequalification Requirements for RBS

Beam flange welds: - CJP groove welds - Treat welds as Demand Critical, follow AISC Seismic Provisions -Weld access hole geometry conforms to AISC Specification

Beam web to column connection: - For SMF, use fully welded web connection (CJP weld between beam web and column flange) - For IMF, bolted connection to beam web permitted if slip-critical and follows restrictions in Section 5.6

RBS with welded web connection:

ANSI/AISC 358: Prequalification Requirements for RBS

Protected Zone

ANSI/AISC 358: Prequalification Requirements for RBS

Note Section 5.7 for Fabrication of Flange Cuts! (e.g., thermal cutting tolerances, repair of gouges and notches)

Lateral brace at center of RBS - violates Protected Zone

Examples of RBS Connections.....

ANSI/AISC 358: RBS

STEP-BY-STEP

Bolted Unstiffened and Stiffened Extended End-Plate Moment Connections

End-Plate Connections
AISC Design Guide no. 4, 2nd edition, 2003, Murray and Sumner 1st edition in 1990 Literature dates back to at least 1960s A number of tests conducted as part of SAC Joint Venture

End-Plate Connections
Number of possible limit states: Flexural yielding of beam section Flexural yielding of end plates Tension of end-plate bolts Shear failure of end-plate bolts Etc. Ensure inelastic deformation of connection is achieved by beam yielding Shear resistance from bolts in compression

End-Plate Connections

Sumner, et al., 2000

End-Plate Connections

Sumner, et al., 2000

End plate and column flange bending strengths are determined using yield line analysis.

Unstiffened Flange

Stiffened

Prying Action?

End-Plate connections are required to be designed as thick plates

End-Plate Connections
(ANSI/AISC 358-10)

End-Plate Connections (ANSI/AISC 358-10)

End-Plate Connections (ANSI/AISC 358-10)

No limit on weight per foot of beams or columns Clear span:depth 7 or greater for SMF, 5 or greater for IMF Column depth limited to beam depth or shallower (also W36 maximum) Protected zone depends on stiffened/unstiffened, beam flange width and depth

End-Plate Connections and Floor Slab

SMF systems with concrete structural slabs prequalified only if:
Nominal beam depth not less than 24 in. (in addition to Section 6.3 requirements) No shear connectors within 1.5 x beam depth from face of connected column flange Concrete slab kept at least 1 in. from both sides of both column flanges (e.g., compressible material in

gap between column flanges and concrete slab)

(IMF composite slab detailing also adopts these last two requirements; Section 6.9.6)

Connection Detailing (Section 6.9)

Welding details, etc., in Section 6.9 (need and requirements for) Continuity plates as outlined in Section 6.10 (Design Procedure) and AISC Seismic Provisions Panel zones and column-beam moment ratios (Section 6.6) refer to AISC Seismic

End-plate Yield Line Mechanism parameter

Bolted Flange Plate (BFP)

BFP only prequalified for SMF with concrete structural slabs if slab kept at least 1 from both sides of both column flanges.

Seismic Behavior BFP

Initial yielding of beam at last bolt away from column face Slip of flange plate bolts (similar level to yielding in beam flange) Secondary yielding in panel zone
As expected moment capacity and strain hardening occur

Limited yielding of flange plate

At maximum deformation

BFP tests

Sato, A., Newell, J.D., Uang, C.-M. Cyclic Behavior and Seismic Design of Bolted Flange Plate Steel Moment Connections, AISC Engineering Journal, Fourth Quarter, 2008.

BFP-3

Sato, et al., 2008

ANSI/AISC 358: Section 7.3 Prequalification Limits for BFP Beam depth: Beam weight: Beam flange: Span:depth up to W36 (for rolled shapes) up to 150 lb/ft up to 1-inch thick clear span-to-depth ratio of beam limited to: 9 or greater for SMF 7 or greater for IMF

Lateral bracing requirements and protected zone dimensions specified

Concrete slab can be utilized (as specified) for lateral bracing

ANSI/AISC 358: Section 7.3 Prequalification Limits for BFP, contd Beams shall be connected to flange of the column Column depth: W36 maximum (for rolled shapes)

W14 maximum if no concrete structural slab

No limit on weight per foot of columns

Width-thickness ratios (beams and columns), lateral bracing, panel zones, and column-beam moment ratios shall conform to requirements of AISC Seismic Provisions.

Section 7 .5 Connection Detailing

A490 bolts, threads excluded from shear plane, 1-1/8 diameter maximum

All connection plates A36 or A572 Gr. 50

CJP groove welds, demandcritical, any backing removed

Limit two bolts per row; symmetrically placed. Length of bolt group < beam depth. Standard holes; oversized in flange plate only. No punched holes.

Max. overall thickness ; may use finger shims or shims with drilled/punched holes

Section 7.6 Design Procedure

More limit states to consider than some other connections
- e.g., bolt shear, net section fracture, ensuring that beam flange net section fracture resistance > yield resistance

Welded Unreinforced Flange Welded Web (WUF-W)

ANSI/AISC 358: Section 8.3 Prequalification Limits for WUF-W Beam depth: Beam weight: Beam flange: Span:depth up to W36 (for rolled shapes) up to 150 lb/ft up to 1-inch thick clear span-to-depth ratio of beam limited to: 7 or greater for SMF 5 or greater for IMF

Lateral bracing requirements and protected zone dimensions specified

Concrete slab can be utilized (as specified) for lateral bracing

ANSI/AISC 358: Section 8.3 Prequalification Limits for WUF-W, contd Beams shall be connected to flange of the column Column depth: W36 maximum (for rolled shapes)

No limit on weight per foot of columns

Width-thickness ratios (beams and columns), lateral bracing, panel zones, shall conform to requirements of AISC Seismic Provisions. Column-beam moment ratio as specified for SMF; following AISC Seismic Provisions for SMF

Section 8.5 Beam Flange-to-Column Flange Welds

CJP welds; demand critical, conform to AISC Seismic Provisions

Weld access hole geometry and quality shall conform to AWS D1.8

Section 8.6 Beam Web-toColumn Connection Limitations

Shear tab thickness equal at least to that of beam web; overlap with weld access holes as specified

Section 8.7 Design Procedure WUF-W

Sh=0 value chosen to simplify the design calculations. Cpr value calibrated in combination with Sh=0 to reflect values (moments at column face) measured in experiments.