UNIT NAME OF THE TOPIC HOURS 1 Networks, Antenna and Propagation Networks (qualitative treatment only): Symmetrical and

asymmetrical networks - characteristic impedance and propagation constant. Equaliser: types, applications: constant resistance equalizer. Attenuator: types - symmetrical T and Pi attenuators application and simple problems Filters: types and definitions circuit elements and cutoff frequencies of LPF, HPF and BPF (only simple problems). Antennas Basic antenna principle, polarization, directive gain, directivity, radiation pattern, folded dipole, parasitic array, broad-side and end-fire array, Yagi antenna, parabolic antenna. Propagation (short theory only) Ground wave propagation, sky wave, space wave propagation, ionospheric layers 2 7 5 2 Amplitude Modulation Modulation: Frequency spectrum. Relationship between wavelength and frequency, Need for modulation, types of modulation. Amplitude modulation: Expression, AM spectrum and sidebands, types of AM balanced modulator. SSB generation phase shift and filter methods, advantages and disadvantages of SSB. AM VSB system. Diode detector. AM Transmitter: Types of transmitters - high level AM transmitter and low level AM transmitter. SSB transmitter. AM Receiver: TRF receiver, super heterodyne radio receiverSelection of IF- Image frequency - AGC types, SSB receiver. Angle and Pulse Modulation Frequency modulation: Expression - waveforms - frequency spectrum, effects of noise in FM, comparison of AM and FM, varactor diode modulator. FM detectors slope detector, phase discriminator, ratio detector (qualitative treatment only) FM Transmitter & Receiver Direct and Indirect methodsstereophonic FM transmitter. FM receiver: Block diagram AFCstereophonic FM receiver. Phase modulation Principles, phase modulator circuit, comparison between FM and PM Pulse modulation Types, sampling theorem. Generation and detection of PAM, PWM, PPM. PCM, DPCM, Delta modulation quantizing noise-companding. 8

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4 Audio systems Microphones: (Qualitative treatment only) Construction and performance of the following microphones: carbon, condenser, piezo-electric, moving coil and velocity ribbon. Loud speakers: Constructional details of dynamic cone type, Horn type and electro-static loud speakers, woofer, midrange and tweeter, cross-over network. Surround-sound systems Audio recording and reproduction: Compact disc system- MP3 system - DVD system - stereophonic system - Hi-Fi system

principles- Dolby -DTS 4 4 5 5 Video systems Monochrome Television: Scanning principles - synchronization aspect ratio- composite video signal- TV broadcasting standards. TV transmitter- TV receiver. Color TV : Principles of color transmission and reception- color CCD camera. PAL color TV receiver (IC details not required) LCD, LED display unit plasma display - Principles of Handy cam, CCTV and cable TV.