formation of a failure surface radiating at 45 degrees from the shear keys edges towards the concrete edge.

The concrete capacity calculated over the projected area of such failure surface ignoring the shear key area is determined as follows: V s.cc = 0.33 f c A psk V s.c (113)

sp

sg

where: = 0.7 (based on as required for Clause 9.2.3 of AS3600) A psk = projected area over the concrete edge ignoring the shear key area The shear capacity of the shear key based on its nominal section moment capacity V s.b is calculated as follows: V s.b = 0.9f ys t 2 sL s bs + tg 2 (114)

Figure 66 4-bolt base plate to UB/UC column (Ref. [26])

sp

The capacity of the fillet weld connecting the shear key to the base plate V s.w calculated in the direction perpendicular to the shear key is determined as follows (assuming the shear key is welded all around): V s.w =

Figure 67 2-bolt base plate to channel column (Ref. [26])

v w2L s
2

(115)

bs+ts 1+ t s

where: v w = design capacity of the fillet weld per unit length (as calculated in equation (110) or as tabulated in Section 13.)

Legend: Anchor Bolt Location Hole to allow grout egress

7. BASE PLATE AND ANCHOR BOLTS DETAILING

Typical base plate layouts considered in this paper are shown in Figs. 65, 66, 67 and 68. Typical anchor bolts used in base plate applications are cast-in anchors of category 4.6/S and of diameter either M16, M20, M24 or M30. Masonry anchors of diameter M16, M20, M24 may also be used.

Figure 68 2-bolt base plate to hollow columns (Ref. [26])

Preferred anchor bolt gauge (sg) and pitch (sp) are given in Reference [12]. The weld all round philosophy sometimes adopted in the weld design of base plates can lead to over-welding and can become very expensive. The details shown in Figs. 65, 66, 67 and 68 can, if designed for light loadings, tend to the other extreme and some fabricators may prefer to increase the amount of welding above that shown on the design drawings in order to prevent damage during handling and shipping. There is usually a compromise possible between these two extremes. Another design consideration is the likelihood of a nominally pinned base being subjected to some bending moment in a real situation. [26] Prior to erecting the column/base plate assembly, the level of the base plate area should be surveyed and shims placed to indicate the correct level of the underside of the base plate as shown in Fig. 69. For heavier column / base plate assemblies, levelling-nut arrangements may be used in order to allow accurate levelling of the base plate as outlined in [7] and [38]. Hole sizes in base plates

Component to suit Grout pad Typical sg Typical

Figure 65 2-bolt base plate to UB /UC column (Ref. [26])

36

STEEL CONSTRUCTION VOLUME 36 NUMBER 2 SEPT 2002