EE115. Solutions For Home Assignment #3.

4.2-1 (10 points) For each of the following baseband signals:

() :(t) = cos 1000t
() :(t) = 2 cos 1000t + cos 2000t
() :(t) = cos 1000t cos 3000t
(a) Sketch the spectrum of :(t).
(b) sketch the spectrum of DSB-SC signal :(t) cos 10. 000t.
(c) Identify the upper sideband (USB) and lower sideband (LSB) spectra.
Solution 4.2-1
i)
:(t) = cos 1000t
c
DSB
= :(t) cos 1000t = cos 1000t cos 10000t
=
1
2
[cos 9000t + cos 11000t]
1o1 : cos 9000t. lo1 : cos 11000t
ii)
:(t) = 2 cos 1000t + cos 2000t
c
DSB
(t) = :(t) cos 10000t
= cos 9000t + cos 11000t +
1
2
[cos 8000t + cos 12000t]
= cos 9000t +
1
2
cos 8000t + cos 11000t +
1
2
cos 12000t
1o1 : cos 9000t +
1
2
cos 8000t. lo1 : cos 11000t +
1
2
cos 12000t
iii)
:(t) = cos 1000t cos 3000t =
1
2
[cos 2000t + cos 4000t]
c
DSB
= :(t) cos 10000t =
1
2
[cos 2000t + cos 4000t] cos 10000t
=
1
2
[cos 8000t + cos 12000t + cos 6000t + cos 14000t]
1o1 :
1
2
[cos 8000t + cos 6000t]. lo1 :
1
2
[cos 12000t + 14000t]
Case Baseband Frequency DSB Frequency LSB Frequency USB Frequency
i) 1000 9000 & 11000 9000 11000
ii) 1000 9000 & 11000 9000 11000
2000 8000 & 12000 8000 12000
iii) 2000 8000 & 12000 8000 12000
4000 6000 & 14000 6000 14000
baseband DSB
9000 11000

0
0 -1000 1000

-11000 -9000
Case i)
Case ii)

-2000 -1000 0 1000 2000 -12000 -10

4
-8000 9000 11000
12000
10
4
0
Case iii)

0 -4000 -2000 2000 4000 0 8000 12000

4.2-2 (10 points) Repeat parts (a), (b) and (c) of Prob. 4.2-1 if
() :(t) = (t) ((t) denotes rectangular pulse)
() :(t) = c
jtj
Solution 4.2-2
i)
:(t) = (t) $sinc(
.
2:
)
c
DSB
(t) = (t) cos 10000t $
1
2
[sinc

. 10000
2:

+ sinc

. + 10000
2:

1o1 :
1
2
sinc

. 10000
2:

. lo1 :
1
2
sinc

. + 10000
2:

ii)
:(t) = c
jtj
$
2
.
2
+ 1
c
DSB
(t) = c
jtj
cos 10000t $
1
(. 10000)
2
+ 1
+
1
(. + 10000)
2
+ 1
1o1 :
1
(. 10000)
2
+ 1
. lo1 :
1
(. + 10000)
2
+ 1
Baseband DSB
USB
LSB
LSB USB
10
4
2 4
USB USB LSB
10
4
i)
ii)
*4.2-4 (10 points)
Figure P4.2-4a shows a DSB-SC modulators. The carrier available at the multiplier is
a distorted sinusoid given by c
1
cos .
c
t + c
2
cos
2
.
c
t. The spectrum of :(t) is shown in Fig.
P4.2-4b
(a) Determine the signals and sketch their spectra at points / and c.
(b) What kind of lters is required in Fig. P4.2-4a?
(c) what is the minimum value of .
c
required for this scheme to work?
0 2B -2B
A
M()
km(t)cos
c
t m(t)

Filter
Distorted
carrier
a b c
(a)
(b)
Figure 1: Fig. P4.2-4
Solution 4.2-4
`(.) =

1
j.j
2:1

. . 2:1
From pair 19 in Table 3.1 (Lathi, 3
d
edition) or pair 15 in Table 2.1 (Lathi, 2
nd
edition),
:(t) = 1sinc
2
1t
Let us now consider the signal at point b,
c
b
(t) = :(t)[c
1
cos .
c
t + c
2
cos
2
.
c
t]
= :(t)[c
1
cos .
c
t +
c
2
2
+
c
2
2
cos 2.
c
t]
= c
1
:(t) cos .
c
t +
c
2
2
:(t) +
c
2
2
:(t) cos 2.
c
t
Therefore
1
b
(.) =
c
1
2
[`(. + .
c
) + `(. .
c
)] +
c
1
2
`(.) +
c
1
4
[`(. + 2.
c
) + `(. 2.
c
)]
The spectrum is shown in the gure below:

0 2B
c
2
c
a
2
A/2
a
2
A/4
a
1
A/2
(b) By inspection of Figure above, we see that the desired modulated signal can be
obtained by using a bandpass lter with center frequency .
c
. The output of this lter is
c
c
(t) = c
1
:(t) cos .
c
t
(c) By inspection of 1
b
(.), it is clear that to be able to lter our the modulated signal,
.
c
4:1 so that the spectra do not overlap.
*4.2-5 (10 points)
Show that the scheme shown in Fig. P4.2-5 can be used to generate DSB-SC signal.
Assuming that :(t) is a signal bandlimited to 1 Hz, nd the signals and sketch their
spectra at points c. /. c and d. Explain the nature of the lter in this gure. Is there any
restriction on the bandwidth of :(t) for this scheme to work?
Acos
c
t
c
x
2
d
Filter
km(t)cos
c
t m(t)
a
x
b
Squarer

Figure 2: Fig. P4.2-5

In sketching spectra, relative amplitudes of various spectral components are not impor-
tant. However, pay attention to locations of spectra along the . (horizontal) axis.
Solution 4.2-5
at a:
,
a
(t) = :(t)
at b:
,
b
(t) = :(t) + cos .
c
t
at c:
,
c
(t) = [:(t) + cos .
c
t]
2
= :
2
(t) +
2
cos
2
.
c
t + 2:(t) cos .
c
t
= :
2
(t) +

2
2
+

2
2
cos 2.
c
t + 2:(t) cos .
c
t
at d:
,
d
(t) = 2:(t) cos .
c
t
The lter should be a bandpass lter centered at . = .
c
and having a bandwidth 21 Hz.
From gure c, we observe that . 6:1 in order to obtain modulated signal without
distortion.
0 2B
(a)
0 2B
c
(b)
4B
4B
c
2
c
(c)

c
(d)

Output
) cos( + t A
c
t t m
c
cos ) (

Lowpass
filter
Figure 3: Fig.P4.2-6
4.2-6 (10 points)
A DSB-SC signal :(t) cos .
c
t is demodulated using a locally generated carrier cos(.
c
t+
o) as shown in Fig. P4.2-6. Show that this scheme can demodulate the signal as long as o
is a constant (not time-varying) and is not :,2. What is the output if o = :,4 and :,2?
Solution 4.2-6
The demodulator output is:
G
0
(t) = :(t) cos .
c
t cos(.
c
t + o)
=
1
2
:(t) cos o +
1
2
:(t) cos(2.
c
t + o)
After the lowpass lter, the output is:
1
2
:(t) cos o
If o is a constant 6=

2
, then the output is proportional to :(t)
If o =

4
. output =:(t),(2
p
2)
If o =

2
. output = 0.