1.

12 PROBABILITY PRACTICE
QUESTION ONE

Take a chance
Throw 4 coins and

Win from John

It costs only $3 to chance your luck with John
and you could win a brand new $50 note

Yes folks $50 could be yours

from your $3 cost of taking a chance.

You could win more than 16 times your entry money.

Just throw 4 heads and win.
You can throw 1, 2, 3 or 4 heads so there is a 1 in 4
chance of getting 4 heads and you can win $50!!
- and it only costs $3 to take a chance.
Dont delay.
Break Johns bank today

Evaluate the claims made in Johns advertisement on page 25

It may be helpful to comment on

the purpose of the advertisement

if the claims are sensible, correct and valid
any other information that may be helpful
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QUESTION TWO
(a)

Mr George breeds guinea pigs for sale.

The breeds he sells are Puffins, Rogues and Whiteys.
The table shows the numbers of each breed that he sold last year.
Male
Female
Puffin
41
82
Rogue
18
30
Whitey
27
52
A guinea pig was chosen at random from those sold last year.
(i) Calculate the probability it was a male Rogue guinea pig
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(ii) Calculate the probability that it was not a male.

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(iii) Calculate the probability that it was a male given that it was a Rogue.
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(iv) Explain, with clear probability reasons, why the answer to Q2a(iii) above has a different
answer to the question if it was a male calculate the probability that it is a Rogue.
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(b) The puffin breed guinea pigs can be of different colours as shown in the probability table
below:
Puffin
Colour
white
brown
black

Probability
0.1
0.3
0.6

If John bought 2 puffin breed guinea pigs last year, at random, calculate the probability that
they were two different colours.
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(c)

Farida has 2 fair six-sided dice.

Each of her die has 3 faces with a 1,
2 faces with a 2 and 1 face with a 4.
(i) Farida throws the two dice together.
What is the probability that the total of the two scores is 3?
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(ii) Farida now throws the pair of dice 50 times.
How many times would she expect the total on the 2 dice to be at least 5.
Explain your answer carefully.
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QUESTION THREE

Evaluate the claims in the advertisement on page 2.

In your answer, you may find it helpful to comment on:
what the variables of interest are
the purpose of the advertisement
the question the advertisement is posing
if the claims in the advertisement are valid, correct and sensible
any other information that would be helpful.

QUESTION FOUR
Harley has a collection of unusual dice, which have shapes on each side.

Each dice has 6 faces, and all of the dice are fair.
Harley rolls a blue dice and a green dice 100 times and records the results. His results are summarised in the
table below.

(a)

Estimate the probability that on the next roll he will get:

(i)

(ii)

ONE

and a

and ONE

(b)

Estimate the probability that Harley will not get a

(c)

Estimate the probability that the blue dice shows a

on the next roll.

if the green dice shows a

(d)

Estimate the probability that if there are no

(e)

Deduce how many

s showing, there is a

showing.

s there are on the green dice.

Use probability methods to find your answer and explain your reasoning clearly.

Harley has an orange dice which has only

s and some

s on its faces.

He rolls this orange dice with the green dice 120 times and records the combinations that show up. His
results are summarised in the table below. (The order of the shapes does not matter.)

(f)

Using a ratio in its simplest form, express the probability that he gets

(g)

On the orange dice, what is the most likely number of faces with a

marked on them?

Use probability methods to find your answer and explain your reasoning clearly.