EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT BUILDINGS Still remember our minds the events a few years ago when jogjakarta rocked

by an earthquake measuring 6.2 on the Richter scale on May 27, 2006 at 5:55 pm approximately for 57 detik.Korban killed according to the latest report from the Ministry of Social Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia on June 1, 2006 at 07:00 pm, totaling 6234 people with the details: New York 165 souls, 26 Kulonprogo soul, soul Gunungkidul 69, Sleman 326 souls, souls 1668 Klaten, Magelang 3 people, 3 Boyolali soul, Purworejo 5 soul, one spirit and sacrifice Sukoharjo most in Bantul 3968 inhabitants. While the victims were seriously injured as many as 33,231 people and 12,917 others suffered minor injuries. Bantul district is the most severely affected. Information mentioned as 7057 homes in the area collapsed. Earthquakes are nature's most frightening for humans, either natural or caused by humans is more frontal. This is a result we always rely on the land where we stand in the world as the most stable foundation that can be always in a state of silence and sustain us. Once an earthquake, we suddenly realize that we are the land of departure turned out to be losing its stability so as to take its toll. To prevent huge losses due to the destruction of important buildings, the scientists also developed the technology to strengthen the building so it can withstand an earthquake attack. Countries often attacked earthquakes as Japan has many uses this technology in buildings and large bangunanbangunan. One technology that intensively developed is the use of magnetorheological fluid, also known as MR fluid to increase the stability of the buildings during the earthquake. This fluid keabuabuan colored and looks a bit shiny like oil. The density (density) is a special fluid three times greater than the density of water (density of water at normal temperature about 1 g / mL). Fluid is composed of iron particles containing carbonyl groups, solvents, and other additives materials. Iron particles (carbonyliron) has a very fine diameter of 3-5 M (1M = 10-6 m). MR fluid contains 20-40% iron particles. Electromagnetic coil placed inside the MR fluid damper to control. About five liters of fluid can be accommodated by the damper. The building is also equipped with a vibration sensor that automatically sends a signal to the computer (when no vibration) to supply power to the damper. Damper moving and issued a force to fight the tremor. MR fluid that has been turned into solids may increase the amount of force that can be generated this damper. The greater the vibration the greater the electrical current that flows so that the magnetic field created by the stronger. The strength of this magnetic

field causes the hard solids are formed so that the damper can produce greater force against tremor. When the tremors stopped, the computer stops the flow of electricity to the electromagnet so that the magnetic field disappears and turns back into a solid MR fluid. Amazingly, MR fluid dampers are fitted can also be used in life day-to-day as a vibration absorber in various electronic equipment such as washing machines, and as a shock absorber on a car. Techniques and concepts of earthquake resistant buildings has been applied in the DIY concept as: EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT HOUSE CONCEPT Building Plan: * Plan is too long to be separated * L-shaped floor plan should be separated * U-shaped floor plan should be separated Building Wall: The brick wall should be strong with columns, Sloof, rinf blocks of concrete or wood Brick walls have haunted the columns, beams Sloof and ring Sloof should be haunted for foundation Wood Building: The relationship between the columns and roof beams should be flat and diagonal beams penapong The relationship between the floor beams and the colon must be panopang diagonal beams and flat Pundasi pedestals must be embedded as deep as> 20 cm into the ground earthquake resistant buildings, articles buildings earthquake resistant, earthquake resistant building paper, the concept of earthquake resistant buildings,

Structure Earthquake Resistant Buildings

Principles of Earthquake Resistant Buildings Building that is earthquake resistant buildings said that responds to earthquake dakilitas properties that survived the collapse, and flexibility in reducing tremor. 1. Designed and calculated 2. The combination of loads and structural analysis 3. Using a light matrial 4. Placement mass structure separate but interacting General Physical Characteristics of Earthquake Resistant Buildings 1. The structure has a seismic restraint systems dinakik style. 2. Retention system strength quake 3. Configuration structure eligible for the purpose of earthquake resistant buildings

Things You Should Look For When Building Earthquake Resistant Buildings Foundations The foundation is part of the bottom structure and function to distribute the load to the ground. For that foundation must be laid on the hard ground. Minimum depth for manufacturing foundation is 6-75 cm. Mountain stone masonry for foundation done after layer urug danaanstamping finally installed. The foundation must also have a strong relationship with sloof. This can be done by making the sloof anchor and foundation with a distance of 1 m. Anchor can be made of steel 12 mm diameter with a length of 20 -25 cm. The foundation of one of the things that need to be noticed at the time of the build, because the foundation is one important part of the building.

Concrete

Concrete is a common part of the building, the concrete can be made with mencapur Sand (ageregat smooth, gravel (coarse ageregat) water and cement.

Reinforced Concrete Reinforced concrete is the most important part in making a house earthquake resistant. Workmanship and quality of reinforced concrete should be kept because it can protect iron from external influences, such as corrosion. The workers or builders prefer to make light function. Using tools like molen or vibrator is recommended to produce high-quality concrete.

conclusion That many of the buildings that easily collapsed during the earthquake due to the lack of solid construction and does not meet standards. Therefore to get a good earthquake resistant buildings create a more symmetrical structure. Because buildings with symmetrical structure has proven to be more powerful than the structure that is not symmetrical. And one solid building support in order to be considered first is building a strong skeleton, and raw materials that meet the requirements for earthquake-resistant buildings such as mild steel and cement mortar. If a building is built with raw materials such as those described above, then the building will be able to withstand earthquakes up to magnitude 7 quake scale.

REFERENCES

sumber : Yohanes surya (http://www.wissenschaftonline.de/sixcms/media.php/369/staubpartikel.jpg) dan http://www.pu.go.id/publik/bencana/gempa/gempa%20tsunami4.htm)