1.

1 INTRODUCTION

Rubber products are having great influence in our day to day life, as we know the use of the rubber products, surgical air bags and gloves, mats, many other small products. An organization sustains with the corporation and coordination of the employees to achieve the organizational goals. Practice is the best way by which one can achieve perfection. Practice makes one feel and understand the same idea or thing again and again. The more one practices, the more errorless one becomes. One doesn't repeat the errors that were done previously. As master of business administration we have to be aware of not only the theoretical aspect of the business but also practicability in the same. The business is undergoing cut throat competition and only the fittest can survive. Their for the management students must be competitive to update their knowledge in order to win stand in the competition MG university has a special topic to the syllabus namely ORGANISATION STUDY to give practical knowledge about an organization and to make the students very sensitive to the changes to the business world

1.2 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The study covers overall functioning of Royal latex. There is much scope in Royal latex for organization study hence it is one of the leading firms in the industry with various departments. Entire operation of the organization is analyzed with the data available. Study is mainly based upon the nature of work carried out by each department. The organizational structure and working conditions in Royal latex definitely helped me to understand how a big organization is functioning.

1.3 OBJECTIVE OF STUDY

1. PRIMARY OBJECTIVE To study in detail the overall functions of Royal latex and make a report of the same 1. SECONDARY OBJECTIVE

To study the departmental functions, polices, procedures carried out in the organization To interact with the managers of different designations and to know their responsibilities and routine activities To observe workers at their working place and to interact with them To observe work culture existing in the organization To know the financial and economic position of the company

1.4 METHODOLOGY
Source of data The relevant data for the study here is collected from the following sources:-

Primary Source Secondary Source

Primary data: Primary data are collected through discussions and interviews with the officials of various departments, employees and workers.

Secondary data: Annual reports Company websites Company documents and files

1.5 TOOLS AND TECHNIQES

In this project report study schedule method interviews and observation were the method used to collect data.

1.6 PERIOD OF STUDY

A significant period is necessary for analytical study for its clarity standardization of data. A period of 30 days is used to make a glimpse over the firm to know the core of its functional methods.

1.7 DATA ANALYSIS

SWOT analysis is used to analyze the data of the organization study.

1.8 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY

This study is conducted to find out the various departmental functions, day to day activities, to get aware of welfare activities and to get the all the prevailing factors in Royal latex.

1.9 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

The reliability of the data used in this study mainly depends upon the companys recorded information provided by the employees of the organization. Information about the procedure in the production department is not familiar to Ordinary people. An in- depth study of all the employees of the organization cannot be carried out due to shortage of time. The confidential matters of the company are not shared with outsiders.

1.10 CHAPTER SCHEME

The entire study is divided into different chapters. This project mainly divided into six chapters. Each chapter contains a title and subtitles. The main chapters are introduction, industrial profile, company profile, organization profile, department profile and the SWOT analysis

Chapter 1:- The first chapter includes introduction part Chapter 2:- The second chapter deals with the Industry profile and world, Indian and State scenarios

Chapter 3:- This chapter is included with the company profile, product details, production process and organizational structure Chapter 4:- It is the most important chapter which contains the departmental details Chapter 5:- This chapter deals with the swot analysis, observations and suggestions Chapter 6:- This is the last chapter which is included with the conclusion part of the study

1.11 REASONS FOR SELECTING THE COMPANY

Royal Latex is the third largest supplier of centrifuged latex in India Better structure of the company Impressive communication of the employees Proper guidance and accurate details supplied by the company Increasing profit margin of the company Proper code of conduct and discipline maintained in the company Motivation provide by the HR manager and other employees for conducting the OS

2.1 INDUSTRY PROFILE

Since the establishment of the first rubber products manufacturing unit in 1921, the Indian rubber products manufacturing industry has undergone remarkable growth and expansion, particularly during the postindependence era. It has achieved overall development by increasing its size, spatial distribution, technological sophistication and more prominently the wide range of products manufactured. Besides its self-sufficiency by catering to the entire domestic demand, the industry has broken new barriers on the export front as well. This chapter gives an overview on rubber and rubber products, their production, classification, distribution and consumption pattern, their imports and exports.

INDUSTRY STRUCTURE
The rubber product manufacturing industry in India is basically divided into two major sectors: tyre and non-tyre. The tyre sector produces all types of automotive and nonautomotive tyres whereas the non-tyre sector produces high technology and sophisticated products and comprises the medium scale, small scale and tiny units. Barring industries engaged in raw rubber production, there are approx. 4800 rubber based product manufacturing units comprising 30 large scale, 300 medium scale and around 4470 SSI and tiny sector units, employing four lakh people, including around 22000 technically qua lified support personnel, with a turnover of 200 billion rupees and contributing 40 billion rupees to the National Exchequer through taxes, duties and other levies. Rubber products industry thus plays a core sector role in the Indian national economy (AIRIA, 2003)

INDUSTRY SCENARIO
Indian Rubber industry is well established and self-sufficient in all respect i.e. Natural Rubber, all Ingredients, Machinery, Technical manpower etc. Only deficiency is in the area of Synthetic Rubber, majority of which is imported to meet the requirement. Rubber industry of the country has developed to a modern state in case of organized sector companies like tyre and some of the non-tyre units but the conditions with majority of small scale units are far from satisfactory level. During last three decades industry has been adopting modern technology and upgrading the machinery and process as well as employing qualified persons. Some of the educational institution like IIT, Kharagpur & Delhi, MIT, Chennai, MG University, Kottayam and some of the Polytechnic & Organizations are imparting education in the field of Rubber Chemistry & Technology, which is useful to the industry. The history of the Indian Rubber Industry dates back to 1921 with the setting up of the first rubber goods manufacturing unit in Kolkata, Dixie Aye Rubber Factory (now Bengal Water Proof Ltd.) for water proofing of fabrics. The Bengal Water Proof Ltd. is now a leading manufacturer in the non-tyre sector under the trade name Duck Back. Since then the industry has completed eight decades of fruitful development and growth particularly in the post-independence period and at present, it plays a vital core sector role in national economy. It reflected in the consumption of raw rubber by 28 fold from 29 KT to 802 KT by 1955 56 to 2000-01. The number of rubber industries has shot up from about 500 to over 6000. What is more remarkable is the annual compound growth rate of 8%, which it has achieved over the last four and a half decades NR Production - Backbone of the Industry. The world NR production is geographically concentrated in Asia, which accounts for about 92.8% of the total

production. In fact, the four largest producers namely Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia and India control more than 80% of the world Natural Rubber production

2.2 WORLD SCENARIO

The

world

rubber

production

is

geographically

concentrated in Asia, which accounts for about 92.8% of the total production. In fact, the four largest producers namely Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia and India control more than 80% of the world Natural Rubber production According to the International Rubber Study Group (IRSG), the world natural rubber production increased by 6.1% to 10.3 million tons in 2010, compared to a negative growth of 4.2% during 2009. Global synthetic rubber production during 2010 registered a growth of 14.2 % to 14.00 million tons as against 12.26 million tons in 2009. Global natural rubber consumption increased to 10.67 million tons in 2010 registering a growth of 14.4% compared to 9.33 million tons in 2009 due to demand for vehicles and tyres. Global synthetic rubber consumption increased to 13.86 million tons during 2010 from 11.94 million tons during 2009, recording a growth of 16.1%. World NR and SR consumption ratio remained unchanged during 2010 and it was 44:56.

World rubber consumptionIRSG: World Rubber Industry Outlook Jun/2011,

TOTAL RUBBER VOLUME (IN TONES) 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013-2015 2015-2020 22656 21348 24610 25718 27637 31044 35852 1.1 -3.6 -5.8 15.3 4.5 7.5 3.9 2.9 %ANNUAL GROWTH

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2.3 INDIAN SCENARIO

The history of the Indian Rubber Industry dates back to 1921 with the setting up of the first rubber goods manufacturing unit in Kolkata, Dixie Aye Rubber Factory (now Bengal Water Proof Ltd.) for water proofing of fabrics. The Bengal Water Proof Ltd. is now a leading manufacturer in the non-tyre sector under the trade name Duck Back. Since then the industry has completed eight decades of fruitful development and growth particularly in the post-independence period and at present, it plays a vital core sector role in national economy. It reflected in the consumption of raw rubber by 28 fold from 29 KT to 802 KT by 1955 56 to 2000-01. The number of rubber industries has shot up from about 500 to over 6000. What is more remarkable is the annual compound growth rate of 8%, which it has achieved over the last four and a half decades NR Production - Backbone of the Industry Since the establishment of the first rubber products manufacturing unit in 1921, the Indian rubber products manufacturing industry has undergone remarkable growth and expansion, particularly during the post-independence era. It has achieved overall development by increasing its size, spatial distribution, technological

sophistication and more prominently the wide range of products manufactured. Besides its self-sufficiency by catering to the entire domestic demand, the industry has broken new barriers on the export front as well.

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INDIAS POSITION IN GLOAL SCENARIO OF NATURAL RUBBER-

SECOND IN PRODUCTIVITY FOURTH IN PRODUCTION FOURTH IN CONSUMPTION FIFTH IN AREA

Since the establishment of the first rubber goods manufacturing unit in 1921 at Kolkata, the Indian rubber industry has maintained its forward march, particularly during the post-independence period. It has achieved overall expansion through increase in the range of products manufactured, in the number of units, in technological sophistication and selfsufficiency. Besides catering to the entire domestic demand, the industry is breaking new barriers on the export front. It projects tremendous growth in the 21st century. The factors responsible for this phenomenal expansion are vast internal market, rapid industrialization, on-going economic reforms, and improved living standards of the masses. India is the fourth largest producer of natural rubber and second largest consumer of natural rubber; and fifth largest consumer of natural rubber and synthetic rubber together in the world. India is the worlds largest manufacturer of reclaim rubber. India is first in productivity of natural rubber. The per capita consumption of rubber in India is only 990 Gms. against 9 to 16 kilos in Japan, USA and Europe. This envisages tremendous growth prospects of the industry in the years to come. With around 6000 units comprising 30 large scales, 300 medium scales and around 5670 SSI / tiny sector units, manufacturing

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35000 rubber products, employing directly 400 hundred thousand people, including around 22000 technically qualified support personnel. The Indian Rubber Industry plays a core sector role in the Indian national economy. The industry has certain distinct advantages like - an extensive plantation sector; indigenous availability of the basic raw materials, like natural rubber, synthetic rubber, reclaim rubber, carbon black, rubber chemicals, fatty acids, rayon, and nylon yarn and so on; large domestic market; availability of cheap labour; training facility in various technical institutes; improved living standards of the masses. All these ground support help the Indian rubber industry to poise for an all-round development and a quantum jump in production and technology up gradation in near future. The wide range of rubber products manufactured by the Indian rubber industry comprises all types of heavy duty earth moving tyres, auto tyres, tubes, automobile parts, footwear, beltings, hoses, cycle tyres and tubes, cables and wires, camelback, battery boxes, latex products, pharmaceutical goods, besides moulded and extruded goods for mass consumption. The products manufactured also cover hi-tech industrial items. The important areas which the industry caters to include all the three wings of defense, civil, aviation, aeronautics, railways, agriculture, transport as also textiles, engineering industries, pharmaceuticals, mines, steel plants, ports, family planning programs, hospitals, sports, i.e. practically to every conceivable field. India rubber industry is basically divided into two sectors - tyre and non-tyre. The tyre sector produces all types of auto tyres, conventional as well as radial tyres and exports to advanced countries like USA, EU etc. The nontyre sector comprises the large, medium scale, small scale and tiny units. It produces high technology and sophisticated industrial products. The small-scale sector accounts for over 50% of production of rubber goods in the non-tyre sector. The Indian rubber products have been exported to around 190 countries in the world including USA, Russia, UK, Bangladesh, Italy, Nepal, Germany, Oman,

13

France, Saudi Arabia, UAE, African countries etc. and exports have gone up manifold. The yardstick to measure the growth rate of the industry is rubber consumption. Besides yearly consumption of rubbers - natural, synthetic and reclaim, there are other raw materials like carbon black, rubber chemicals, tyre cords, plasticizers, process oils, zinc oxide, stearic acid, titanium dioxide, and other miscellaneous chemicals which are mostly available indigenously. This apart, almost all types of major rubber machinery are being manufactured in the country.

THE INDIAN RUBBER BOARD

The Indian Rubber Board was constituted under the Rubber (Production and Marketing) Act, 1947. This act was passed on the recommendation of an adhoc committee appointed by the Government of India in 1945 and it came into force on 19 April 1947. The Rubber Production and Marketing (Amendment) Act of 1954 made certain changes in the constitution of the Board and amended its name as The Rubber Board. This act came into force on 1st August 1955. The Rubber Act was furt her amended by the Rubber Amendment Act 1960 which made certain alterations in the rate and procedure of collection of cess on rubber. It was again amended by the Rubber (Amendment) Act 1982 to enable the Central Government to appoint a part-time Chairman/whole time Chairman for the Board and an Executive Director on whole time basis (if considered necessary by the Central Government) to exercise such powers and perform such duties as may be prescribed or delegated to him by the chairman. This Act came into force on 23rd October 1982. The Chairman who is the administrative head of the Board, exercises control over all the nine departments. Viz. Administration, Rubber Production, Research, Rubber Processing & Product Development, Statistics & Planning, Finance & Accounts, Training, Market Promotion and Licensing & Excise duty. Publicity

14

& Public Relations, Planning, Internal Audit & Vigilance Divisions function directly under the Chairman. The functions of the Board as defined under the Act are:

1. To promote by such measures as it thinks fit the development of the rubber industry. 2. Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing provision the measures referred to therein may provide for:

a) Undertaking, assisting or encouraging scientific, technological or economic research. b) Training students in improved methods of planting, cultivation, manuring and spraying. c) The supply of technical advice to rubber growers. d) Improving the marketing of rubber. e) The collection of statistics from owners of estates, dealers and manufacturers. f) Securing better working conditions and the provision and improvement of amenities and incentives to workers. g) Carrying out any other duties which may be vested with the Board as per rules made under this Act. 3. It shall also be the duty of the Board: a) To advise the Central Government on all matters relating to the development of the rubber industry, including the import and export of rubber. b) To advise the Central Government with regard to participation in any international conference or scheme relating to rubber. c) To submit to the Central Government and such other authorities as may be prescribed, half Yearly reports on its activities and the working of this act, and

15

d) To prepare and furnish such other reports relating to the rubber industry as may be required by The Central Government from time to time. India is a country of great human resources. In India, Rubber production has rose by 4.3% this is because of the excessive rain and favorable natural conditions of environment. In Sep 2009 total rubber production is 77,500 tones. At present rubber industry is one of the fastest growing industries than other industries. One record shows that India has about 6000 rubber manufacturing units. This unit produced 35000 kinds of different rubber items Boom comes in the automobile industry is one of the biggest factor of this big growth. If we took a glace in the production of tyre production than manufacturing has increased from 3.48 lakh tones (last year) to 3.75 lakh tones (this year). Natural rubber production is increase 7.6%. This is also a major contributing factor to the growth of rubber production India is the largest manufacturer of reclaim rubber. It comes on the third largest producer of rubber all over the world and this is a record. In the part of consumption of rubber goods India comes on the fourth position. In natural and synthetic rubber goods consumption it comes on the fifth largest country. At present India is not only supplying the rubber of domestic market but also fulfilling the International requirements. UAE, Germany, UK, USA and France are the biggest customer of these rubber products. As consumption level has increased so more avenues are explored for the export in Asian countries. The demand of rubber products can never vanish because of engineering, pharmaceutical and railways industries has developed, in which these rubber products are used. Thus we can say there is always a scope for betterment. In India, There are basically two types of rubber industries. One is latex uses as a

16

raw material and the second one uses rubber sheets for the production of rubber products. Various natural factors and manmade factors played a part in the development in the rubber production. There is an easy availability of raw material and labor. Training institutes also provide the training to this labor that helped in the growth of this sector. Due to this the lifestyle of common man and the demand of quality products increased all over the world. Because of this there has been seen 8% growth in this sector. This gives the boost of Indian economy and livelihood to many homes. Advance machinery like Rubber cutting machines giving a new way to Rubber industry. Tires are the number one product that the rubber industry makes. Many people who have firestone tires in their vehicles went out and bought new tries because they know this is safe. Due to the new techniques and good public relations rubber industry gives an economical strength to India. Rubber products are mainly used in industry for commercial purpose and also for residential use. Rubber has positioned itself quite strongly in every sector. And this industry is serving various applications used for day to day life. This is great achievement for India. Sun Exim, reclaim rubber manufacturers & exporters, has established its worth and versatility by use in automobile tyres, butyl tubes, cycle tyres & tubes, battery containers, tread rubber, belts & hoses, molded & extruded products. Recycling is an ecological necessity; but reclaiming plays a crucial role in the economy as well. Reclaim rubber helps in save energy and it is ecofriendly. Reclaim is a process of de-polymerization, wherein vulcanized waste rubber is ground, treated with application of heat, chemicals and is then intensely worked mechanically. A total re-use of waste rubber.

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Forecast
According to Rubber Board, the production of natural rubber for the year 2011-12 is projected at 9.02 lakh tons with a growth rate of 4.6% and the projected consumption for the year 2011-12 is 9.77 lakh tons with a growth of 2.9%. For the year 2011-12, import and exports are projected at 1.2 lakh tons and 50,000 tons respectively.

IMPORT AN EXPORT
As per the statistics published by the Directorate General of Commercial Intelligence & Statistics (DGCI&S), India has imported 177,637 tons of natural rubber during 2010-11 against the import of 177,130 tons during 200910. Exporters have utilized the advantage of price differential between domestic and international price during the initial and terminal months and exported 29,851 tons of natural rubber during 2010-11 compared to 25,090 tons exported during the previous year. The stock of natural rubber as on 31st March 2011 was at 277,600 tons. Import of synthetic rubber by the user industry during 2010-11 increased to 302,030 tons compared to 250,210 tons during 2009-10.

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2.4 STATE SCENARIO

Rubber is an important crop of Kerala. Lots of rubber products are made now which are inevitable for modern life. Prosperity of a country is measured by the percapita consumption of rubber also. Rubber plays an important role in Kerala which decides the economy and social development of Kerala. India is in third place in the production of rubber in world. 90% of rubber in India is produced in Kerala. Rubber Technology course deals with the production of rubber, processing of rubber and rubber product manufacture. Rubber is a significant commodity for Kerala economy and any price falls follows political ramifications in the state. Price increases are also not received well by the tyre manufactures and other consuming industries. Moreover, large number of small growers, significant presence of growers, cooperatives, State administered procurement programs, inconsistent import and export policies and manufacturing facilities spread across the country are factors that has made rubber prices significantly volatile. The Company expects rubber futures could help the rubber cooperatives who have commitment to provide remunerative prices to growers significantly because futures contracts will help them to decide the procurement price, will help to design forward contracts to suit the needs of growers. And also will help growers through price discovery. Industries with natural rubber as the raw material too would be able take advantage of rubber futures to manage the price risk in a better way. Most traded grades in India are ISNR 10 (Indian Standard Natural Rubber) and ISNR 20. In Kerala, Kottayam and Kochi are the major trading centers

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3.1 COMPANY PROFILE

ROYAL LATEX

It is this very ethos that has shaped their vision over the years, unwavering attention to the needs of their customers in India and abroad. Established in 1999, Royal Latex is a producer of high quality 60% Centrifuged Latex HA and LA, Skimmed Crepe, RSS4, ISNR and EBC. Located in Kanjirapally amidst Indias largest rubber plantations, the state of the art factory possesses a production capacity of 6000MT annually .The climate and the soil conditions in Kanjirapally, laterite and alluvial soil, rainfall of around 250cm per annum, a temperature range of about 200c to 340c and atmospheric humidity of 80%, ensure that Royal Latex receives a consistent supply of the finest quality Field Latex, the raw material for the production of rubber

20

The climate and the soil conditions in Kanjirapally, laterite and alluvial soil, rainfall of around 250cm per annum, a temperature range of about 200c to 340c and atmospheric humidity of 80%, ensure that Royal Latex receives a consistent supply of the finest quality Field Latex, the raw material for the production of rubber. Royal Latex is proud to proclaim itself as ecologically friendly company. Impact on the environment is controlled by a biological treatment plant that functions without the use of chemicals and reductants. Timely delivery of consignments to customers the world over is ensured by a dedicated transportation fleet and the proximity of the factory to Kottayam, the hub of the rubber industry in India and the port of Kochi on the south western coast of India. factory

Royal latex is a multinational company which has Export to different countries. Royal latex has export to countries such as Brazil, Mexico, USA, Iran, Malaysia, Pakistan, Germany, Italy, Turkey, Etc. Royal latex have employees ranging from 150 to 200.Royal latex works 24 hours in a day, with 2 shifts. Employees are divided into two groups, which one group works in the morning shift and the other at night. Most of the employees are north Indians, so the company provides them accommodation facilities

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QUALITY POLICY OF THE COMPANY

We committed to customer delight by providing excellent quality, products and services achieved through continued improvement of our quality management system

3.2 PRODUCTS
CENTRIFUGED LATEX
Royal Latex manufactures Centrifuged Latex considered among the best in the world for a host of customers including manufacturers of condoms, Balloons, Adhesive mattresses and other rubber products. The machinery that is used to produce Centrifuged Latex are the Alfa Laval 710 Centrifuges manufactured in Sweden.

DOUBLE CENTRIFUGED LATEX

Double Centrifuged Latex is highly purified Latex concentrate prepared by recentrifuging centrifuged latex that has been suitably diluted. As a result the water extractable proteins and non- rubber constituents are further reduced. Films prepared from DC latex exhibit greater clarity, low water absorption and high dielectric properties. DC Latex finds applications in surgical dipped goods and other specialized premium latex products where these properties are important. The Latex is generally very stable and has good storage properties

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ROYAL SPECIAL GRADE

Royal Special Grade is high quality Latex, which can be made according to the specific requirements of customers who require higher quality Latex with low VFA & Non Rubber content. For Royal Special Grade VFA 0.02 max and NRC 1.2 max is standard.

ROYAL LATEX HA
Royal Latex HA, Ammoniated Latex, is a high quality, high performance Latex. The primary applications for Royal Latex HA include dipped goods, carpet backing, foam rubber and rubberized coir.

Royal Latex LA
Royal Latex ammoniated latex is high quality Centrifuged Latex designed primarily for processes where low ammonia is preferred. The ammonia content of LA Latex does not exceed 0.29%. The Preservation system in Royal Latex LA consists of a low ammonia concentration in combination with Tetramethlythiuram Disulfide and Zinc Oxide. It is primarily used for the manufacture of dipped goods, coatings, adhesives and extruded rubber thread

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ROYALS RIBBED SMOKED SHEETS

Produced exclusively from properly dried and smoked, coagulated rubber sheets by excluding block, cuttings, scrap, frothy, weak, heated, burnt, air dripped or smooth sheets and visually graded.

Royal Latex manufactures specialized Sheet Rubber under the brand names RSS 001, RSS 004 and RSS 005. RSS 001 is specially made for sports bladder and other rubber sports goods manufacturers, tyre tubes and aircraft tyres, which require higher tensile strength. By using RSS 001, tensile strength of the product increases by 20 to 30 percent more than a competitors product. Foam manufacturers use this rubber, which helps provide better compression results (10% to 20%) RSS 004 and RSS 005 are used in tyres, rubber mats, chapels and rubber bushes. Consumption of rubber coir is brought down by 10% to 15% without affecting quality. Skim Crepe The skim fraction that is a byproduct of centrifuging processes has 3% - 4% rubber content. Such a low percentage plus an increased proportion of non-rubber constituents demand that to recover the rubber, a very strong acid be used. Such a recovery using sulphuric acid has its ill effects on the rubber content. This grade, though not technically good, is still very viable economically and is used in non-critical applications. The coagulated rubber is thoroughly washed with water and creped by passing through a battery consisting of coarse rollers and finally smooth rolled. The sheet obtained is dried and is marketed as skim crepe. This rubber is very fast curing and results in hard vulcanisates. The manufacturer can thus save on expensive accelerator dosage.

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Applications
Binding agent for:
* Recon, leather board * Rubberized hair * Granules (i.e. cork) * Foam rubber * Adhesives * Textile coating and impregnation * Can sealants

Dipped articles such as:

* Household gloves * Examination gloves * Industrial gloves * Surgeons gloves * Catheters * Teats and soothers * Breather bags * Tubing * Balloons * Condoms

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Estate Brown Crepe

This is an economically important rubber, though of a lower grade. The tree lace (rubber in the tapping cut, channel and spout) and cup lump (rubber in collection cups) are the chief raw materials in the production of Estate Brown Crepe. It is first soaked in water and creped, first through coarse rollers and finally in a smooth roll mill. The crepe thus formed is dried and usually has a brown to tan color. Estate Brown Crepe is used in applications like shoe soles and in non-critical tyre compounds. Specifications for ISNR Grades achieve d by Royal Latex

Quality Control Our quality control department continually monitors the processes that manufacture the Latex that we supply. Right from the Field Latex that is procured from the rubber estates in Kottayam district to the packaged end products that leave our factory, we ensure that the benchmarks in quality parameters are strictly adhered to.

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3.3 PRODUCTION PROCESS

COLLECTING FIELD LATE

Royal latex collects field latex from its own plantation and from primary producers from all over Kerala. The employees of royal latex collect the field latex in drums

STORING
. The latex so collected contains high ammonia content. The collected field latex is stored in the store house of the company and it is taken when it is required.

COLLECTING TANK
First the field latex is poured into a tank which is called the collecting tank. 250 drums of latex is required to fill the tank. The tank is tiled inside in order to avoid the gluing of latex over the walls. The field latex so collected is added with chemicals and kept for 30 hours. During this time the unwanted dust particles in the field are removed. During this time the dust particles are drawn to the bottom. The top latex are further collected to the secondary tank

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 CENTRIFUGATION MACHINE
After the filtration the latex is further moved to the centrifugation machine, which centrifuges the latex. The machine rotates 7200 times in one minute. Centrifugation is a process by which the DRC content of the latex is increased. DRC means dry rubber content. The field latex contains only 30% of DRC, and by centrifugation the denser content in the latex is accumulated to the bottom, that is DRC. Thus produced DRC latex is moved to two different tanks which one is used to make HA latex and other for LA latex. The high ammonia latex dont need further purification because the ha latex contain high ammonia.

LA LATEX
The second latex is added with chemicals and kept for some hours in order to reduce the ammonia content. This latex is called LA latex. This is collected in plastic bags in drums as prescribed by the customers. It is loaded in trucks and thus transported .The byproduct of this production process is called skim. Skim is a type of latex which contains very low DRC. The skim is collected to a tank called skim tank. This is added with sulphuric acid and left for

28

coagulation. After this process we get skim creep, it is almost like smock sheet which is used to make chapels bed etc.

PACKAGING OPTIONS
Royal Latex is available in bulk in tank containers or tank lorries and in drums. Both centrifuged and creamed latex is packed in barrels. One barrel contains 205 litres .These barrels are sealed .centrifuged latex is also packed in polythene bags also.

Drums

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ISO CERTIFICATION

ISO is a set of international standards which ensures the quality of products and operations. ISO 9000 is rapidly becoming the most important quality management standard in the world. Thousands of companies in over 100 countries have already adopted it, and many more are in the process of doing so. Why? Because it controls quality. It saves money. Customers expect it. And competitors use it. ISO 9000 can be applied to all types of organizations. It doesn't matter what size they are or what they do. It can help both product and service oriented organizations achieve standards of quality that are recognized and respected throughout the world. ISO is the International Organization for Standardization. It is located in Switzerland and was established in 1947 to develop common international standards in many areas. Its members come from over 150 national standards bodies.

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Why is ISO 9000 Important?

ISO 9000 is important because of its orientation. While the content itself is useful and important, the content alone does not account for its widespread appeal.

ISO 9000 is important because of its international orientation. Currently, ISO 9000 is supported by national standards bodies from more than 150 countries. This makes it the logical choice for any organization that does business internationally or that serves customers who demand an international standard of excellence. ISO is also important because of its systemic orientation. We think this is crucial. Many people wrongly emphasize motivational and attitudinal factors. The assumption is that quality can only be created if workers are motivated and have the right attitude. This is fine, but it doesn't go far enough. Unless you institutionalize the right attitude by supporting it with the right policies, procedures, records, technologies, resources, and structures, you will never achieve the standards of quality that other organizations seem to be able to achieve. Unless you establish a quality attitude by creating a quality management system, you will never achieve a world-class standard of quality. Simply put, if you want to have a quality attitude you must have a quality system. This is what ISO recognizes, and this is why ISO 9000 is important.

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3.4 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

MD

Purchase Manager Finance Manager Sales Manager

Marketing Manager

HR Manager

Production Manager

Factory Manager

Cashier

Office Assistant Manager Accounts & Administration

Accou ntant Stock Accountant Computer Assistant

Despatch Manager

Service Manager

Depo Manager

Sales Executive
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Shift Supervisor

Loading Supervisor

4.1 DEPARTMENTAL STUDY

There are 5 Departments in royal latex, they are 1. Finance department 2. Purchase department 3. Sales department 4. HR department 5. Production department

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4.2 FINANCE DEPARTMENT

The field of finance refers to the concept of time, money, risk and how they are related. Thus the term finance incorporates the following. 1. The study of money and other assets. 2. The management and control of those assets 3. Profiling and managing project risks 4. The science of managing money Finance is the base of all the corporate activities in the day to day world. Management of finance is broadly concerned with acquisition and use of funds by business firm. Financial management is the job of finance department. Royal Latex financial department is headed by general manager administration; major functions of finance department can be summarized in to three that is planning of resources, allocation of resources and control resources

OTHER FUNCTIONS

Banking relationship

One of the most important functions of finance department is the relationship with bank. Royal latex is having the transactional relationship with the South Indian Bank. The banking relationship includes Bank deposit Providing loans

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 Over draft Discounting of bills Issuing and collection of cheques etc.

These banking functions help the smooth and easy functioning of the finance department. In Royal Latex the banking functions are used for issuing cheques to the suppliers, to rediscount the bills received from the customers, to take loans for financial assistance etc. Internal audit

Internal audit is the audit conducted by the company itself. Royal latex also conducts internal auditing of the financial records periodically and employees are recruited for this purpose Cash management

Cash management involves the management of cash out flow and inflow of the company, In Royal latex a large amount of cash is received from the customers and paid to the dealers, the cash flow is managed by the accountant under the guidance of the finance manager 54

Taxation

Taxation is another procedure related to finance, hence it is something related to money, it is deled by the finance department. It includes the valuation of assets and liabilities and making the payment to the tax authorities

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Expense analysis

Hence Royal latex is associated with a big factory; there are a lot of expenses incurred for the company. For that the Royal latex prepares a income and expenditure account, which would record in detail the income and expenses of the company

Preparation of final account

One of the important functions of the finance department is to prepare the final accounts, which includes the preparation of journals, ledger, trail balance, profit & loss account, balance sheet etc. It is also a complex job performed by the finance department. And it is also important for the purpose of auditing

RESPONSIBILITIES OF FINANCE MANAGER Arrangement of short term and long term funds To make decisions regarding the financial feasibility of projects To focus on the cost minimization and profit maximization Right mixture of the debt and equity Prepare the right financial statement Capitalization
Evaluation of financial activities

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VALUATION OF INVENTORY

PARTICULAR Raw materials Stores and spares Waste Work in progress

METHOD At cost based on monthly weighted average method At weighted average cost At the rate actually realized for the stock At cost of net usable value whichever is lower the latter being actual value subsequently realized for the stock

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DEPARTMENTAL STRUCTURE

MD

Manager of Finance

Account

Cashier

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4.3 SALES DEPARTMENT

The concept of sales department is that the company has to promote and push their products and in the market, it cannot expect its products to get picked up automatically by the customers. Heavy advertising, high power personal selling, price discounts and strong publicity and public relation are the normal tools by which organizations relay on this concept

FUNCTIONS

The sales of all the Royal Latex products are based on the head office policies and norms. The sales department receives orders from agents and dealers and passes the orders to the factory managers for production. The final product is then moved to the dispatch manager and then sold to the customers as per the order and finally reaches the customer. Receiving orders and giving report the production department are the leading functions of sales department

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DEPARTMENTAL STRUCTURE

MD

Sales Manager

Accountant

Computer assistant

Stock Assistant

General

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SALES PROCESS CHART

Sales order/Sales manager

Factory Manager/Final Production

Dispatch Manager

Customers

Consumers

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DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS Direct Dealers International Agents

Retail Dealers

SALES PROMOTIONAL ACTIVITY

To safe guard its customers and to keep a very strong relationship with them, they are considered as the family members to the company. The sales executive makes regular visit to the agents and retarders and provides all kinds of information, agreement and facilities. The prime factor of Royal Latex sales promotion policy is that the right quality product at the right time to the right party

PRICING
The company adopts cost of profit pricing policy for its products. This is due to the fact that there are agriculture based products and are seasonal in nature. The price rate is adopted by the company with regard to the leading competition also

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4.4 MARKETING DEPARTMENT

Marketing is the economic process by which goods and services are exchanged between the market and the user, and their values determined in terms of money. Marketing is the process by which the products are made bought by the customers by providing required products in the specified quality. The concept of marketing was born out of the awareness that a business to start with the determination to the customer wants and ends with satisfaction of those want.

MARKETING DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL

Company Deposit Stockiest Dealers Customers

EXPORT MARKETING

Royal latex is a multinational company which has Export to different countries. Royal latex has export to countries such as Brazil, Mexico, USA, Iran, Malaysia, Pakistan, Germany, Italy, Turkey; Etc. Royal Latex is having an immediate plan to expand the export business

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DEPARTMENT STRUCTURE

MD

MARKETING MANAGER

Dispatch Manager

Service Manager

Depot Manager

Sales Executive

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4.5 HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT

HR management is the planning, organizing, directing and controlling of the human resource in the organization. The personal department is responsible for recruitment, selection, placement, training, performance, keeping of records, compensation etc. of the employees. The office assistants assist them in the procedures. In royal Latex, the personal department keeps full record for every worker employed in the organization. The record is kept on a card known as employees history card, this card includes the following details about the worker. 1. Name 2. Department 3. Grade 4. Starting pay 5. Address 6. Date of birth 7. Marital status

FUNCTIONS
1. HR planning 2. Selection 3. Recruitment 4. Performance appraisal 5. Organizational change and development 6. Training

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RECRUITMENT
Royal Latex recruitment board consists of 3 members who handle the recruitment process in which applications are collected and called for interview. The board is the final authority regarding the appointment of staff. Factory manager is entrusted with the duty of recruiting the factory workers. Nearby locality people are usually recruited as workers. And workers are recruited on contract basis

SELECTION PROCESS
The selection procedure adopted by Royal Latex;

1. Scrutiny of applications
The personal department will first scrutinize all the applications received. Only those applications will be taken as the criteria for the post

2. Blank application form

A bank application form is used for getting written information about the candidates in his or her own handwriting. The application form contains the information like name, place of birth, date of birth, marital status, qualification, experience etc.

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3. Interview
A group of selected candidates are interviewed in a face to face contact with the interview board; they are given a topic to discuss. When the candidate makes comments and counter points, the board evaluates their ability to communicate, presence of mind, confidence; language, expression etc. and judgments are made.

REFERENCE
References are conducted on those candidates who are found suitable in the tests and interviews. Reference can be collected from previous employees also.

TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT

Training is given periodically to both staffs and workers. Training is given by the managers as well as the private consultants. Training is given on the subject matter of machinery, chemicals, pavements etc.

MONETARY BENEFITS
Basic pay DA Production bonus Incentive

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STATUTORY WELFARE MEASURES

Canteen facility Rest room Lunch room Drinking room Safety measures Protection against fire Medical benefit PF

NON STATUTORY MEASURES Job opportunity to dependence Uniform Advance payment Training facilities

REWARD
Wages is being given to the workers as per the agreement. Workers are given daily wages and are collected in monthly base. The wages includes the dearness allowance and basic payment.

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MEETINGS
Meetings are conducted every month. Directions are given to the employees and suggestions are invited. Changes in the working of the company and future plans regarding the growth and development of the company

JOB OPERATIONS AND SCHEDULE

Job rotation and job schedule are favorably done for both office staff and workers. Factory manages job relation and schedule for workers.

TIME KEEPING
Methods of time keeping: Attendance register method Punching system

SHIFTS
The company adopts 3 shifts in the factory and only 1 shift in the office Factory 8.30 am to 4.30 pm 4.30 pm to 12.30 am 12.30 am to 8.30 am Office 8.30 am to 4.30 pm

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DEPARTMENTAL STRUCTURE

MD

HR manager

Factory Manager

Manager Accounts and Administration

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4.6 PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT

Production is one an important function in all the industries. Production means converting the raw materials into finished products with the help of certain process. Production is the transformation of input into output. It is the core function of every business. Production department is one of the busiest departments in Royal latex. The production department is given more care hence there is mass production and complicated processes. The production department makes planning and directions on amount of raw materials available, capacity of the production unit, amount to be produced etc. Thomson rubbers now have a cool dry storage area with a minimum capacity of 6000 to 8000 barrels of field latex and desludging tank with a capacity of 70000 litres

CONTENTS IN THE PRODUCTS Double centrifuged royal DC

i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. Dry Rubber Content, - wt. % 60 Total Solids Content,- wt. % 60.5 - 61 Alkalinity - ammonia,- wt. % 0.6 - 0.78 Non Rubber Content,- wt. % 0.5 - 1 Volatile Fatty Acid,- wt. % 0.025 KOH No.- 0.3 - 0.5 pH - Value -10.5

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viii. ix. x. xi. xii. xiii. xiv. xv. xvi. xvii.

Mechanical Stability, -sec- 800 - 1200 Coagulum,- wt. % 0.002 Sludge,- wt % 0.004 Chemical Stability,- sec 100 Viscosity,- cps 50 -100 Copper,- ppm Trace Manganese,- ppm Trace Odour after boric acid - No putrefactive Neutralization - odour Colour - White

Centrifuged latex Royal HA

I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. Dry Rubber Content, wt.% 60 Total Solids Content, wt.% 61.5 Alkalinity - ammonia, wt.% 0.6 - 0.8 Non Rubber Content, wt.% 1.5 Volatile Fatty Acid, wt.% 0.03 - 0.05 KOH No. 0.5 - 0.8 pH - Value 10.5 Mechanical Stability, sec. 800 - 1200 Coagulum, wt. % 0.004

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X. XI. XII. XIII. XIV. XV. XVI.

Sludge, wt % 0.006 Chemical Stability, sec 100 Viscosity, cps 50 -100 Copper, ppm Trace Manganese, ppm Trace Odour after boric acid neutralization No putrefactive odour Colour - White

Centrifuged latex Royal Latex

I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. X. XI. XII. XIII. . Dry Rubber Content, - wt. % 60 Total Solids Content, - wt. % 61.5 Alkalinity - ammonia, - wt. % 0.25 - 0.3 Non Rubber Content, - wt. % 1.5 Volatile Fatty Acid, - wt. % 0.03 - 0.05 KOH - No. 0.5 - 0.8 PH - Value 10.5 Mechanical Stability, - sec. 800 - 1200 Coagulum, - wt. % 0.004 Sludge, - wt % 0.006 Chemical Stability, - sec 100 Viscosity, - cps 50 -100 Copper, - ppm Trace

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XIV. XV. XVI.

Manganese, - ppm Trace Odour after boric acid neutralization - No putrefactive odour Colour - White

Estate Brown Crepe

I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. Nitrogen (Max) 0.60 0.60 0.50 0.60 0.60 PO (Min) 30 30 35 30 30 PRI (Min) 60 50 57 40 30 Grade ISNR 5 ISNR 10 ISNR 20 ISNR 20 ISNR 50 Dirt % 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.50 Volatile Matter % 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 Ash Content (Max) 0.50 0.75 0.75 1.00 1.50

FUNCTIONS 1. Routing
Routing deals with laying down of path along which materials are to travel in the process of production. To determine the sequence in which various operations are to be performed

2. Loading
After establishing the route, the work is to be loaded against the concerned machines and equipment. It implies the quantity of work assigned to a machine or worker.

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3. Dispatching
Dispatching deals with the release of orders and instructions in accordance with the planned timings as embodied in operation sheets, route cards and loading schedules in order to make the action

4. Processing
Performing the production process, it includes the working of the machines, equipment and workers to produce the product.

5. Follow up
It includes collecting the information about the amount of production, the percent of defective and giving detailed report the departments

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PRODUCTION PROCESS

Collecting field latex

Storing in the store house

Field latex poured into the tank

Top latex collected into a secondary tank

Filtration

Moved into the centrifugation machine

DRC latex is produced

Adding chemicals to the second latex

LA latex is produced

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DEPATMENT STRUCTURE

MD

Production Manager

Shift Supervisor

Loading Supervisor

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4.7 PURCHASE DEPARTMENT

The purchasing department will be responsible for providing the materials, components and equipment required to keep the production process running smoothly. A vital aspect of this role is ensuring stocks arrive on time and to the right quality. Purchase is an important boundary function that support operations by acquiring major resources

for the conversion process. Purchasing functioning which provides materials supplies and service from outside vendors for manufacturing firms involved in assembly. It is not unusual of the cost of purchased materials to exceeded as a percent of total product cost, the value added internality to the product through manufacturing and assembly. The purchase procedure covers the following areas procurement of goods and service for the company. 1. Capita items (For project and other purposes) 2. Equipment and spares. 3. Raw material & Intermediary materials 4. Package items involving design, supply, erection and commissioning. To perform the functions effectively, the purchase department is guided by the following procedures

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PURCHASE REQUISITIONS
The purchase officer does not initiate any action for the purchasing of materials in his own accord. With the help of purchase requisitions, the purchase officer comes to know the type of materials needed by organization. A purchase requisition is a form used as a formal request for the purchasing department to purchase materials

EXPLORING THE SOURCES OF SUPPLY & SELECTING THE SUPPLIER

The source of supply of materials is to be selected after the receipt of purchase requisition. The process of choosing the supplier is not a hard task. The store keeper generally mentions the name of current suppliers, their price quotations and the purchase department also has a series of good suppliers. Choosing the right supplier from the supplier list involves a process of comparison of statement of purchases. It is prepared by the purchase department

PURCHASING ORDER
After choosing the supplier, the purchase department prepares the order for the supply. The order is a written authorization to the suppliers to supply the particular materials or material. It is the documentary evidence between the buyer and the supplier having the terms and conditions of the purchasing order

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RECEIVING & INSPECTING MATERIALS

In large concerns, a separate receipt & inspection department independent of stocking location should be set up to receive and inspect the materials. But in small concerns, the work is done by the store keeper. In Royal Latex, the production department effects the general purchase. When goods are received in stores , the consuming department is informed and its personnel inspect the quality, quantity etc.

CHECKING PASSING BILLS OF EXCHANGE

The payment terms of the company are ; Against invoice or acceptance of stock a minimum 15 days credit In case of monopoly suppliers, payment is made through banks

VENDOR SELECTION
The company has a list of suppliers for all its purchase. The company invites tenders through advertisement in newspapers and in the internet. The suppliers tender quotations and after a detailed study of the concerned department, the supplier is selected and the order is placed.

VENDOR RATING
A vendor is rated according to his monopoly in the market, brand equity of the products, his established dealings with other reputed organizations. There is a vendor evaluation committee for the vendors. The committee consists of officers from concerning finance and material departments. The vendors rated below 50% are removed from the lists. Vendors rated between 50% & 75% are advised to improve their quality

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Point of supply of raw materials

1. Latex Kottayam Idukky Ernakulam Kozhikode and Thrissur

2. Chemicals Bangalore Chennai Kolkata Mumbai

3. Packing materials Alleppy Mumbai Kolkata Andhra

FUNCTIONS
Turn over analysis Receiving purchase requisition Locating the source of supply Choosing a supplier Purchase order Follow up Purchases monitoring and invoice checking Purchase policies

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DEPARTMENT STRUCTURE

MD

Purchase Manager

Office Assistant

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5.1 SWOT ANALYSIS

STRENGTH

Quality products:- Quality products are produced with satisfaction to the customers Availability of raw materials:- Raw materials are available in plenty, which ensures large scale production Dedicated employees:- Dedicated and qualified employees are another strength, which ensures better performance of the company Goodwill of the company :- Company is having a goodwill in the industry, which is a milestone in the growth of the company The biggest storage capacities:- The company is having a bigger storage capacity, hence it is having a large area . It facilitates the storage of more raw materials and finished goods Technology to store latex for longer time:- The company is also having a new technology to keep the latex for a longer period of time. It reduces the risk of loosing the goods E-business:- The company facilitates e-business. Customers can order the products by logging to the company site www.latexroyal.com

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WEAKNESS
Heavy work load :- Hence the company is working for 24 hours, there heavy work load Insufficient sales promotional activities :- Even though many marketing opportunities are available, the company is not performing any promotional activities Tax and excise duty :- Hence the company is having more exports, large amount of tax and excise duty has to be paid Under developed roads :- The nearby roads to the company are damaged and under developed. This affects the smooth and fast transportation of products and raw materials

As Royal latex works for 24 hours the human resource management

after 5pm is not effective. :- After 5pm human body connot work effectively, therefore work after 5pm is not effective
As 50% of the workers are north Indians the communication is not so

effective :- In Royal Latex about 50% of the employees are north Indians, therefore ther is a communication gap between the supervisors and the workers

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OPPORTUNITIES

Reduction in the export restrictions :- Now there are some reductions in the export restrictions made by the Government, since the Royal Latex is having more of exports, the company can utilize those opportunities Plantation of more rubber in the locality :- Plenty of land is available in thhe company locality, company could buy those lands and make more rubber plantations, which would be an asset in the future Improved technologies :- More advanced technologies are available

now, which would improve the working standard and conditions in the company More productive machines :- Since the company is blessed with plenty of raw materials and sales order, more productive machines could change the present scenario of the company Better roads :- The company could make a negotiation with the

Panchayat to make better roads , which will be also in the interest of the society

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THREATS

Pollution :- Pollution is a serious threat for the company, hence many

chemicals are used in the company, which may cause pollution

Tax :- Tax is another issue of the company. As the company makes

heavy purchase of chemicals and more of exports. The tax rates are always fluctuating

Transportation :- As the roads to the company are damaged. It will be

a major threat in the future, if proper maintenance is not made

Increasing cost of production :- The increasing cost of production

is another threat. Cost of raw materials, salary of personnel, transportation cost, production cost etc. are increasing day by day

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5.2 OBSERVATIONS

The company is providing good working conditions. The production department is having all machineries for the efficient production. There is no proper planning and control of the inventory. The process of control and monitoring is not efficient. The new workers are provided with less training. There is not fully fledged Research and development department. Workers health and safety are given prime importantance. The quality of the products manufactured in the company is very high.

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5.3 SUGGESTIONS

Should introduce a research and development department A finer degree of professionalism should be introduced Company can adopt more use of information technology for better functioning It can expand the capacity of plant to meet the foreign demands. Increase the productivity in order to get more economy in production Expand the export relations Should introduce a proper inventory control method A supervisor who could communicate properly with the north Indian workers must be employed Proper training programs should be designed for the employees A better pollution control system should be introdused

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6.1 EXPERIENCE IN THE COMPANY

The management and staff as a whole showered its enormous help towards the completion of the Organization Study. The employees spent their valuable time irrespective of their work schedule. These 30 days Organization Study helped me to familiarize with the organization and its functions. And I got unstinted support and assistance from my Guide and other officials. This study helped to learn more about organization structure and duties of its various departments. I got information about various departmental activities of the company. Moreover I learned how a company is successful in the high competitive market. The Organization Study is the result of whole hearted support of the entire staff. The employees were cordial and helping. As a whole I got an interesting and informative experience in the Royal latex.

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6.2 CONCLUSION
Royal latex is the pioneer in the rubber latex industry. It is an ISO 9001 certified company,. This shows companys consciousness towards high quality production. I am happy that I could spend one month in this great institution. The study provided useful insights into the company and its functioning. It is worth that the company has done a great task in the provision of rubber products to cater the needs of world in a big way. The vision of the founders and the commitment of the workers led the Royal latex ahead. One should be proud to have Kerala in the industrial map of India.

It is true that the Royal latex is strangled with tight competition. But it can surely overcome by innovative strategies by making Royal latex products available everywhere.

The bright prospects of The Royal latex lies in implementation of new technology, improving market strategy, optimum utilization of employee potential and welfare of the employees.

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REFFERENCE
Books
1. Arun Kumar and Meenakshi, (2006), - Marketing Management, second edition, Vikas publishing house Pvt Ltd New Delhi.

2. Kothari.C.R-

Research Methodology methods & techniques

New age international publishers, 2004.

3. Aswathappa K- Human Resource & Personnel Management Tata McGraw Hill publishing co. ltd., 1999.

4 Pandey.I.M -Financial Management Vikas publishing house pvt ltd, 2000.

Websites

1. https://www. wikipedia.com 2. https://www.royallatex.com 3. https://www.google.com

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