SECTION

DETAILED PROCESS DESCRIPTION

LPG Unit 1500 consists of three main sections: 3.1 Deethanizer section Depropanizer section Chilled water system DEETHANIZER SECTION Light hydrocar on !apors from Units "#00$%#00 com ine and enter the LPG facilities !ia compressor &noc'o(t Dr(m )-1501 at a press(re of 10*" press(re ar+g, and is (sed at a temperat(re of -0 oC* y P.C/-1* split range, +in to Press(re at three the inlet to )-1501 is controlled controller separate !al!es* )-1501 at 10*# y opening of 0he o(tp(t of the control

1n the low range2 P.C/-1 maintains press(re in ar+g, y a com ination of dr(m inlet control and control !al!e to pass LPG feed gases 1n the high range2 high press(re is pre!ented third

compressor recycle* the

directly into the refinery f(el gas system* 3ntrained hydrocar on li4(ids in the gases passing thro(gh to )-1501 are separated2 collected2 and disposed off to the flare system (nder Le!el Control L1C-1* li4(id le!el alarms* le!el2 )-1501 is e4(ipped with two high L/-1 gi!es alarms only on a high li4(id

while L3/-# alarms at e5tra-high li4(id le!el and sh(ts

down 6eed Gas Compressor &-15012 safeg(arding the compressor from damage thro(gh li4(id carryo!er*

OM/1500 Rev.1

3/1

MAY 1996

0he discharged com ined

li4(id-free

gases

from

)-1501

contin(e

to

the

s(ction of the motor-dri!en centrif(gal feed gas compressor and are at #7*1 and mi5ed ar+g, and 100 oC* with the LPG 0he compressed feed streams gases are Units 0he from

1000$"#00$%#00 and the o!erhead !apor from Deethanizer C-1501*

mi5t(re is cooled and partially condensed as it passes thro(gh a train of three deethanizer o!erhead condensers +3-150#2 3-150"2 and 3-1507, to Deethanizer .efl(5 /cc(m(lator )-150#* /ir Cooler 3-150# red(ces the temperat(re of the mi5t(re to -0 oC* 0he hydrocar on mi5t(re is cooled to 75 oC with sea water in 3-150"* 0he third condenser2 3-15072 is (sed only in the s(mmer season to red(ce the temperat(re to "5 oC with chilled cooling water* Uncondensed !apors primarily ethane are released from the refl(5 acc(m(lator (nder split range press(re controller +Deethanizer col(mn press(re controller P.C-8, either to 9:U as feed gas or into the refinery f(el gas system* 1t is not ad!isa le to (se offgas as 9:U feed2 eca(se of high 9 #; content* 0he deethanized li4(ids are ret(rned to the top tray of Deethanizer C1501 !ia Deethanizer .efl(5 P(mp P-1501 (nder Le!el Controller L.C-* Com ined 9igh-Low Le!el /larm L/-% warns the operator in the room of any a normal li4(id le!el in the refl(5 control

acc(m(lator* .efl(5 in the ottom* li4(id 0he passes is downward then thro(gh the y deethanizer thermosyphon .e oiler 3-

col(mn o!er a series of #1 trays into a !ertically li4(id circ(lated

affled section

action thro(gh low-press(re steam-heated Deethanizer 1505* y ;team flow to the re oiler is controlled 0.C-5*

y 6.C-5 and reset

0he temperat(re-sensing element of 0.C-5 is located

etween the fo(rth and fifth trays of the col(mn* Design o(tlet temperat(re of 3-1505 is 105 oC at a press(re of #"*< e5it ar+g,* )apors from the and are mi5ed with ottom rise thro(gh the trays2 the incoming2 com ined feed ottom of the
MAY 1996

o!erhead2

stream as pre!io(sly descri ed*

OM/1500 Rev.1 3/2

Li4(id LPG from the

col(mn flows to the depropanizer for f(rther processing (nder le!el

controller

L.C/-7* 6low

is meas(red

y 6.--* /n a normally

low

le!el in the deethanizer 3.2

ottoms closes )al!e L.C/-7 !ia L3/-5-LL*

DEPROPANIZER SECTION LPG from the at ottom tray of Deethanizer 1# of C-1501 enters the

depropanizer

section

n(m er

Depropanizer

C-150#*

.efl(5 is p(mped to the top of the col(mn controller 6.C-11*

y P-150# (nder flow

0he li4(id flows downward o!er 1# trays into a !ertically affled section in the steam-heated re oiler is controlled 0he o(tlet ottom and is re oiled in attemperated LP .e oiler y 6.C-<2 a o!e 3-150<* reset the of y ;team fo(rth 3-150< ar+g,* y flow tray is to of 88 oC the its the at a 0.C-82 with Depropanizer

temperat(re-sensing depropanizer* press(re of 1"*"

element ar+g,*

temperat(re

)apors from the

ase rise thro(gh the 0he o!erhead the Col(mn

trays and e5it the col(mn at %7 oC and 1"*1 air cooler with a !aria le-pitch fan

!apors are condensed in Depropanizer =!erhead Condenser 3-150-2 +an operated Press(re Controller P.C-10, and trim cooled in 3-151" +(sing sea water on the t( e side as cooling medi(m,* >oncondensed gas is ro(ted 150"* y split-range Controller P.C-10 to refinery f(el gas* Condensed LPG is collected in Depropanizer .efl(5 /cc(m(lator )Part of the li4(id LPG is ret(rned to the col(mn as refl(5 y one of the LPG 3-150% and LPG heat y P-150#/$?@ the rest is p(mped to storage prod(ct p(mps +P-150"/$?, !ia LPG Prod(ct Cooler Prod(ct medi(m* pipe* Depropanized Prod(ct Cooler 3-1510 (tane from the and ?(tane
3/3

Chiller

3-1508*

3-150%

is

shell-and-t( e-type

e5changer

that (ses sea water on the t( e side as the cooling 3-1508 is a do( le-pipe-type heat e5changer in which the

coolant is chilled water from /-15012 circ(lated thro(gh the inner

ottom of the depropanizer Chiller 3-1511* 0he

col(mn is ro(ted to storage (nder le!el control +L.C/-<, !ia ?(tane Prod(ct

OM/1500 Rev.1

MAY 1996

foregoing descriptions of 3-150% and 3-1508 apply e4(ally to 3-1510 and 3-1511*

3.3

CHILLED WATER SYSTEM Chilled water with a temperat(re of #5 oC2 (sed as the

cooling medi(m on the t( e side of Deethanizer =!erhead Condenser 3-15072 LPG Prod(ct Chiller 3-15082 and ?(tane Prod(ct Chiller 315112 is prod(ced water is circ(lated !ario(s (sers2 y Chilled Aater ;ystem /-1501* p(mp s(pplied with 0he chilled the pac'age y Chilled Aater P(mp P-1507 from /-1501 to the

y a centrif(gal

(nit@ it ret(rns to the chiller in a closed loop !ia 35pansion )essel )-1507* )-15072 located at the high point in the chilled water ret(rn line2 is sized for a temperat(re rise of 50 oC in the total chilled water system* 0he (pper shell contains the generator section and the

condenser section* Dil(ted lithi(m reconcentrated in the generator*

romide sol(tion is heated and 0he water !apor released in the

reconcentration process is condensed in the condenser section* 0he maintain 1-B? a sorption !ac((m y chiller the to also of has a sol(tion heat two the

e5changer to impro!e operating economy@ an e5ternal p(rge system to machine remo!al circ(late noncondensa les@ sol(tion and hermetically sealed p(mps the

refrigerant@ and !ario(s operation2 capacity2 and safety controls to pro!ide relia le machine performance* 0he attached s'etch ill(strates the / sorption Chiller /-1501* asic flow circ(its of

OM/1500 Rev.1

3/4

MAY 1996

OM/1500 Rev.1

3/5

MAY 1996

Absorption Chi 0he li4(id to t( e

!r A"1#$1

e chilled is passed thro(gh the e!aporator y the e!aporation of refrigerant water 0he refrigerant !apors y a lithi(m 0he heat

(ndle and is cooled

sprayed on the o(ter s(rface of the t( es*

are drawn into the a sor er section and are a sor ed romide-water sol(tion sprayed on the a sor er t( es*

pic'ed (p from the chilled li4(id is transferred from the a sor ed !apor to condensing water flowing thro(gh the a sor er t( es* 1n the e!ent that the chilled water system sh(ts down2 either a(tomatically or man(ally2 the operator m(st ta'e the following steps to protect the (nit: +1, /llow P(mp P-1507 to r(n (ntil P(mps P-150% and

P-15082 s(pplied with the (nit2 ha!e sh(t down* 0hen man(ally t(rn off P-1507* +0his lagtime is re4(ired to allow the chilled water system to de-ice*, +#, =nce the chilled water system has sh(t down2 close the !al!e on the condensing water inlet +cooling water s(pply*, =n start(p2 open the !al!e on the condensing water side@ t(rn on the chilled water p(mp +P-1507, and +one the in chilled each water system +/-1501,* /s the chilled water and condensing water flow !ol(me increases2 the flow switches system, a(tomatically start (p /-1501* 3.% &'ALITY CONTROL /nalytical lists of the process streams are made to inform the operator if the streams meet
3/6

specification2

or

if

control
MAY 1996

OM/1500 Rev.1

actions ha!e to

e ta'en* /nalytical tests also assist in impro!ing

and recording the performance of the plant* /nalytical recorders and$or alarms are pro!ided where a contin(o(s analysis of a cr(cial property in a process stream or component in the atmosphere has to e monitored for immediate process control or action* 0hese analyzers are listed in 0a le "-1*

T(b ! 3"1. An( )*!rs

0ag >o* 15-C.-1 chromatograph 15-C.-# chromatograph

Location ?(tane to tan' farm LPG prod(ct to tan' farm

;er!ice Process Process gas gas

;ampling points are pro!ided where offline analysis of a property or component is necessary for ade4(ate process control* 0hese sample points are listed in 0a le "-#* the La oratory :an(al* 0he !ario(s types of sample connections are descri ed in the General ;afety :an(al and

T(b ! 3"2.

S(+p ! St(tions 6re4(ency

>(m er 151*1

0ype Location D 6eed gas to )-1501

;tart(p Daily

>ormal Aee'ly

/nalyzed Properties Chlorides

/t La oratory

3.# "*5*1

OPERATIN, -ARIA.LES P.=DUC0 CU/L10D :/1>03>/>C3

3/7 MAY 1996

OM/1500 Rev.1

0o may of

maintain

prod(ct

4(ality2

as

indicated

la oratory

testing of the !ario(s prod(ct streams2 (nit operating conditions e !aried oth* y changes in temperat(re2 press(re2 or a com ination of the process2 minor changes of operating 1t is e5pected that in most foreseea le cases2 d(e to the simplicity

relati!e

temperat(re in either of the two fractionating col(mns will change the prod(ct 4(ality*

"*5*#

3663C0 =6 )/.1/01=>; 1> C=LU:> 03:P3./0U.3 ?oth the deethanizer and the depropanizer employ steam-

heated rate to

re oilers a col(mn the

to

pro!ide

the will

heat

inp(t

to

accomplish the effect

the of

fractionation of the feedstoc' to each col(mn* 1ncreasing the steam re oiler therefore of the ha!e increasing molec(lar weight col(mn ottoms prod(ct* ottoms

Con!ersely2 decreasing the steam rate to a col(mn re oiler will res(lt in a decrease in the molec(lar weight of the col(mn prod(ct* "*5*" 3663C0 =6 )/.1/01=> 1> P.3;;U.3 /n effect of increase in press(re2 in either col(mn2 will ha!e the prod(cing more propane in the ottoms prod(ct*

Decreasing the col(mn press(re will ha!e the opposite effect* "*5*7 C=>0.=L =6 D3309/>1E3. P.=DUC0 0he deethanizer prod(ces refinery offgas with a molec(lar weight of #7*8- and deethanized LPG as feed to the depropanizer col(mn* 0he main ca(ses for a planned !ariation in operating conditions are an increase in the ethane content of the mi5ed LPG prod(ct stream or a de!iation in molec(lar weight of the offgas stream* .e oiler 0o correct for a high ethane content +specified as 1 molF 3-1505 y raising the
3/8

ma5 on propane content,2 increase the steam rate to Deethanizer setpoint of Col(mn 0emperat(re
MAY 1996 OM/1500 Rev.1

Controller

15-0.C-52 which

in t(rn

will

change

the

setpoint

of

;team 6low Controller 15-6.C-5* the effect o tained !erified

/ny change sho(ld

e minimal and

y an analysis of a fresh sample of

the mi5ed LPG prod(ct and of the offgas* =ffgas with a molec(lar weight hea!ier than #7*8- indicates the need for a red(ction in col(mn temperat(re2 or for a slight increase in press(re to red(ce flashing of the hea!ier components of the refl(5 material in .efl(5 /cc(m(lator )-150# y a slight (pward adG(stment of the setpoint on Press(re Controller 15-P.C-8* Do not ma'e radical changes in either press(re or temperat(re2 and do confirm any impro!ement y la oratory analysis of fresh samples*

"*5*5

C=>0.=L =6 D3P.=P/>1E3. P.=DUC0; 0he depropanizer prod(ces mi5ed LPG prod(ct and (tane

prod(ct* the

0he specifications for the

(tane prod(ct as shown in e limited to 1 molF ma5 on /n e5cessi!e propane y an (pward Controller ;team 6low 0emperat(re of

;ection # indicate that propane is to (tane content of which the in

y la oratory analysis* setpoint t(rn of Col(mn the

content re4(ires an increase in col(mn temperat(re adG(stment 15-0.C-82 resets setpoint

Controller 15-6.C-<*

=n the other hand2 a

(tane sample with no (tane is (tane prod(ct to

propane reported at all wo(ld indicate that too m(ch present in the mi5ed LPG prod(ct* specification propane2 "*5*Correct the

y decreasing the col(mn temperat(re to retain some

(t within the specified limit*

C=:P.3;;=. C=>0.=L 0he feed gas compressor is motor-dri!en with a gear and is

therefore a constant-speed (nit* Dr(m )-1501 is controlled at 10*# P.C/-1 as follows:

0he s(ction press(re in &noc'o(t ar+g, y split-range Controller

OM/1500 Rev.1

3/9

MAY 1996

>ormal ;ignal

press(re ;elector

control H-10%2

is

s(ction adG(sts

throttling the

of

inlet )al!e 9C-11 +P.C/-1 !ia :(ltiplier H-10- to 9igh which H1C-101 setpoint,* Low s(ction press(re is controlled y spill ac' flow

from discharge to s(ction +P.C/-1 !ia H-10- to Di!ider H-108 and Low ;elector H-10< operates on ;pill ac' )al!e 9C-1#,* 9igh s(ction press(re is controlled high press(re,* 9C-11 and 9C-1# pro!ide man(al control of s(ction y di!erting flow to

the refinery gas system +P.C/-1 acts on di!ert !al!e on

throttling and spill ac' flow*

1n addition to the a o!e2 the compressor is protected against the potentially y dangero(s flow condition forward called thro(gh Is(rging*I the machine* 0his 0he condition is ca(sed asically a shoc'wa!e ac'wards thro(gh the compressor

ins(fficient

antis(rge controller determines the 4(otient of flow +60-#, di!ided y press(re increase +Pd0-5, times a constant in H-10# and acts on ;(ction 0hrottling )al!e 9C-11 and ;pill ac' )al!e 9C-1# to ass(re a minim(m 9C-1"* 111* 9igh .ecycle flow to maintain sta le operation of the compressor* >ormal control of the antis(rge control setpoint is a!aila le in / too-low 4(otient +60-"$Pd0--, will trip &-1501 !ia H3/discharge Cooler temperat(re 3-1501 is +03/-7, pro!ided will to also trip the &-1501* heat of Gas remo!e

compression to ena le a contin(o(s recycle condition2 if re4(ired* 0he compressor has a com ined l( e$seal oil s(pply system

consisting of tan'2 p(mps2 cooler and filter* .efer to ;ection 1# for man(fact(rerJs operating instr(ctions*

OM/1500 Rev.1

3/10

MAY 1996