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DISEO ESTRUCTURAL
Profesor: Ing. Francisco Chacn Garca
PROBLEMA
Determine el cortante directo y por torsin que toma cada marco de la estructura mostrada en la figura.
Datos
COLUMNAS
D = 40 cm
D = 60 cm
a = 40 cm
a = 60 cm
VIGAS 5 m
VIGAS 10 m
b = 30 cm
h = 50 cm
b = 30 cm
h = 80 cm
50 T
D = 60 cm
40 x 40 cm
50 T
D = 40 cm
60 x 60 cm
Acotaciones en m
Edificio 2 niveles de
4 m cada uno
WTOTAL = 50 t
f ' c = 250
kg
cm
QX = QY = 2
Zona III .a
cada nivel
kg
cm2
c Wi hi
WT
Q Wi hi
Zona ssmica=
III.a
CS=
0.40
NIVEL
2
1
Q=
h entrepiso
hi
Wi
Wihi
Fi
(m)
(m)
(t)
(t.m)
(t)
(t)
4.00
4.00
8.00
4.00
50.00
50.00
400.00
200.00
13.33
6.67
13.33
20.00
100.00
600.00
-1-
Vi
DISEO ESTRUCTURAL
Profesor: Ing. Francisco Chacn Garca
Entrepiso 1
Clculo de rigidez de elementos
COLUMNA CIRCULAR D = 60 cm
kCX = kCY =
IC
=
hC
D 4 ( 60 )
64 = 64
400
hC
COLUMNA CIRCULAR D = 40 cm
4
= 1 590 cm
COLUMNA CUADRADA a = 40 cm
= 314 cm
COLUMNA CUADRADA a = 60 cm
a 4 ( 40 )
I
= C = 12 = 12 = 533 cm
400
hC hC
4
kCX = kCY
IC
=
hC
kCX = kCY =
D 4 ( 40 )
64 = 64
400
hC
a 4 ( 60 )
I
= C = 12 = 12 = 2 700 cm
400
hC hC
4
kCX = kCY
VIGA DE 30x50
VIGA DE 30x80
bh ( 30 )( 50 )
IV
12
kV =
= 12 =
= 625 cm
500
LV
LV
bh ( 30 )( 80 )
IV
12
kV =
= 12 =
= 1 280 cm
1 000
LV
LV
RA =
48 E
4h
h1 + h2
1
h1
+
K
K C1
KT 1 + 12 C1
48 E
4 ( 400 )
400 + 400
400
+
1 590 + 533
1
590
533
+
1 280 +
12
= 0.0921 E
RB =
48 E
48 E
= 0.1139 E
=
4h
4 ( 400 )
400 + 400
h1 + h2
1
+
h1
+
400
314
2
700
+
K
K C1
314 + 2 700 1 280 +
KT 1 + 12 C1
12
R1 =
48 E
48 E
= 0.0645 E
=
4h
4 ( 400 )
400 + 400
h1 + h2
1
+
h1
+
400
1590
314
+
1
590
314
+
K
K C1
625 +
KT 1 + 12 C1
12
R2 =
48 E
4h
h
h
+
1
1
2
h1
+
K C1
K C1
KT 1 + 12
48 E
4 ( 400 )
400 + 400
400
+
533
2
700
+
533 + 2 700 625 +
12
= 0.0864 E
VDA sx =
( 20 )( 0.0921) = 8.94 t
Vi Rix
=
Rix 0.0921 + 0.1139
VD1 sy =
Vi Riy
iy
-2-
( 20 )( 0.0645)
0.0645 + 0.0864
= 8.55 t
VDB sx =
DISEO ESTRUCTURAL
Profesor: Ing. Francisco Chacn Garca
( 20 )( 0.1139 ) = 11.06 t
Vi Rix
=
Rix 0.0921 + 0.1139
VD1 sy =
Vi Riy
iy
( 20 )( 0.0864 )
0.0645 + 0.0864
= 11.45 t
xv = 5.00 m
yv = 2.50 m
Xt =
R X
R
iy
iy
Yt =
R Y
R
ix i
ix
0.0921( 5) + 0.1139 ( 0 )
= 2.24 m
0.0921 + 0.1139
xt = 5.73 m
yt = 2.24 m
e1 = 1.5 es + 0.1b
e2 = es 0.1b
e1 = 1.5es + 0.1b
e2 = es 0.1b
es
es
es
es
ey 2 , (3) ex 2 con e y1 y (4) ex 2 con ey 2 .Para este ejercicio se utiliza la primer combinacin de
-3-
DISEO ESTRUCTURAL
Profesor: Ing. Francisco Chacn Garca
0.73
= 2.09 m
0.73
ex 2 = 0.73 0.1(10 )
0.26
= 0.90 m
0.26
ey 2 = 0.26 0.1( 5 )
A estos valores se les denominar por sencillez en lo que sigue como ex con
0.73
= 0.27 m
0.73
0.26
= 0.24 m
0.26
ey .
Se resuelve para las excentricidades calculadas anteriormente y para el primer entrepiso donde el sismo acta en X y Y con sentidos
positivos de manera que Vx = Vy = Vi = 20 t .
Por sismo en Y
M Tx = Vx ey = 20 ( 0.90 ) = 17.93 t m
M Ty = Vy ex = 20 ( 2.09 ) = 41.77 t m
ctxi =
Rix yit
Rt
ctyi =
Riy xit
Por sismo en X
Rt
Por sismo en Y
VTxi sx = ctxi M Tx
VTxi sy = ctxi M Ty
VTyi sx = ctyi M Tx
VTyi sy = ctyi M Ty
Donde Rix y
Riy es la rigidez del marco i en direccin X y Y, xit y yit es la posicin del marco i respecto al centro de torsin
xt , yt segn corresponda.
Rt = Rix yit 2 + Riy xit 2 = 0.0921( 2.76 ) + 0.1139 ( 2.24 ) + 0.0645 ( 5.73 ) + 0.0864 ( 4.27 ) = 4.9657
2
Sismo en X
VTx A sx =
0.0921( 2.76 )
Rix yit
M Tx =
(17.93) = 0.92 t
4.9657
Rt
VTy1 sx =
VTx B sx =
0.1139 ( 2.24 )
Rix yit
M Tx =
(17.93) = 0.92 t
Rt
4.9657
VTy 2 sx =
Riy xit
Rt
Riy xit
Rt
M Tx =
M Tx =
0.0645 ( 5.73 )
4.9657
0.0864 ( 4.27 )
4.9657
(17.93) = 1.33 t
(17.93) = 1.33 t
Sismo en Y
VTx A sy =
0.0921( 2.76 )
Rix yit
M Ty =
( 41.77 ) = 2.14 t
Rt
4.9657
VTy1 sy =
Riy xit
VTxB sy =
0.1139 ( 2.24 )
Rix yit
M Ty =
( 41.77 ) = 2.14 t
Rt
4.9657
VTy 2 sy =
Riy xit
Rt
Rt
donde X it y Yit son las distancias del centro de torsin a los ejes de la estructura
-4-
M Ty =
M Ty =
0.0645 ( 5.73)
4.9657
0.0864 ( 4.27 )
4.9657
( 41.77 ) = 3.11 t
( 41.77 ) = 3.11 t
DISEO ESTRUCTURAL
Profesor: Ing. Francisco Chacn Garca
Suma de cortante
El cortante en un marco es igual a la suma del cortante directo y el producido por torsin.
Sismo X
Sismo Y
VA sy = VTx A sy = 2.14 t
VB sy = VTx B sy = 2.14 t
V1 sx = VTy1 sx = 1.33 t
V2 sx = VTy 2 sx = 1.33 t
8.94
0.92
SISMO X
SISMO X
- 1.33
1.33
SISMO X
10.14
- 0.92
2.14
8.55
11.45
- 1.33
1.33
11.06
9.86
- 3.11
3.11
11.65
8.35
SISMO Y
- 2.14
SISMO Y
- 2.14
SISMO Y
2.14
10.50
12.05
7.95
9.50
-5-
DISEO ESTRUCTURAL
Profesor: Ing. Francisco Chacn Garca
A =
Q VTOTAL A
B =
Q VTOTAL B
RA E
RB E
2 (10.50 )
0.0921(158.114 )
2 ( 9.50 )
0.1139 (158.114 )
= 1.44 cm
1 =
Q VTOTAL 1
= 1.05 cm
2 =
Q VTOTAL 2
R1 E
R2 E
2 (12.05 )
0.0645 (158.114 )
2 ( 7.95 )
0.0864 (158.114 )
= 2.36 cm
= 1.16 cm
A entrepiso 1 = A relativo 1 + A entrepiso 0 = 1.44 + 0 = 1.44 cm 1 entrepiso 1 = 1 relativo 1 + 1 entrepiso 0 = 2.36 + 0 = 2.36 cm
B entrepiso 1 = B relativo 1 + B entrepiso 0 = 1.05 + 0 = 1.05 cm 2 entrepiso 1 = 2 relativo 1 + 2 entrepiso 0 = 1.16 + 0 = 1.16 cm
Clculo de la distorsin
A1 =
B1 =
A
h1
B
h1
1.44
= 3.6 103
400
11 =
1.04
= 2.6 103
400
21 =
1
h1
2.36
= 5.9 103
400
1.16
= 2.9 103
400
2
h1
A
B
V=
EJE
1
2
Rix
Yi
( x E)
(m)
0.0921
0.1139
0.2061
5
0
20.00
Rix . Yi
0.4607
0.0000
0.4607
exc=
eyc=
Riy
Xi
( x E)
(m)
0.0645
0.0864
0.1509
0
10
Riy . Xi
0.0000
0.8638
0.8638
Cortante
Directo X
Yit
(t)
(m)
8.94
11.06
20.00
2.76
-2.24
-0.73
0.26
m
m
Rix . Yit
0.2547
-0.2547
ex=
ey=
Cortante
Directo Y
Xit
(t)
(m)
8.55
11.45
20.00
-5.73
4.27
Riy . Xit
-0.3692
0.3692
ctx
Rix . Yit
0.7041
0.5694
1.2735
-2.09
0.90
Riy . Xit
2.1140
1.5782
3.6922
-ctx
0.0513 -0.0513
-0.0513 0.0513
Cortante total
X+0.3Y
Desplaz.
Relativo
Desplaz. total
(t)
(t)
(t)
(t)
(cm)
(cm)
0.92
-0.92
2.14
-2.14
9.86
10.14
2.14
-2.14
10.50
9.50
20.00
1.44
1.05
1.44
1.05
3.6
2.6
Desplaz. total
Distorsin (10 )
m
m
Mtx=
Mty=
-cty
cty
0.0744 -0.0744
-0.0744 0.0744
-6-
Suma de cortante
X
(t)
17.93
-41.77
-3
Distorsin (10 )
t.m
t.m
Suma de cortante
Cortante total
Desplaz. relativo
0.3X+Y
(t)
(t)
(t)
(t)
(t)
(cm)
(cm)
1.33
-1.33
3.11
-3.11
1.33
-1.33
11.65
8.35
12.05
7.95
20.00
2.36
1.16
2.36
1.16
-3
5.9
2.9
DISEO ESTRUCTURAL
Profesor: Ing. Francisco Chacn Garca
Entrepiso 2
Clculo de rigidez en los ejes
RAZ =
RA =
RB =
R1 =
R2 =
48 E
4hAZ
2h
hAZ
+ hAZ
hAZ
+ AZ 1
+
K CAZ
KT AZ 1 KT AZ
48 E
4h2
2h + h
h2
h2
+ 1 2+
K C 2 KT 1 KT 2
48 E
48 E
= 0.0599 E
=
4
400
2 ( 400 ) + 400 400
4h2
(
)
h2
2h1 + h2
+
+
h2
+
+
400
1280
1280
1590 + 533
K C 2 KT 1 KT 2
48 E
4h2
h2
2h + h
h2
+ 1 2+
K C 2 KT 1 KT 2
48 E
= 0.0674 E
2 ( 400 ) + 400 400
4 ( 400 )
400
+
+
1280
1280
314 + 2700
48 E
48 E
= 0.0353 E
=
4
400
2 ( 400 ) + 400 400
4h2
(
)
h2
2h1 + h2
+
+
h2
+
+
400
625
625
1590 + 314
KC 2 KT 1 KT 2
48 E
4h2
h2
2h + h
h2
+ 1 2+
K C 2 KT 1 KT 2
48 E
= 0.0393 E
2 ( 400 ) + 400 400
4 ( 400 )
400
+
+
625
625
533 + 2700
VDA sx =
VDB sx =
Vi Rix
(13.33)( 0.0599 ) = 6.27 t
=
Rix 0.0599 + 0.0674
VD1 sy =
VD 2 sy =
Vi Riy
iy
Vi Riy
iy
0.0353 + 0.0393
0.0353 + 0.0393
xv = 5.00 m
yv = 2.50 m
Xt =
R X
R
iy
iy
Yt =
= 5.27 m
R Y
R
ix i
ix
xt = 5.27 m
0.0599 ( 5 ) + 0.0674 ( 0 )
0.0599 + 0.0674
yt = 2.35 m
-7-
= 2.35 m
DISEO ESTRUCTURAL
Profesor: Ing. Francisco Chacn Garca
0.27
= 1.40 m
0.27
0.15
= 0.72 m
0.15
Por sismo en Y
Rt = Rix yit 2 + Riy xit 2 = 0.0599 ( 2.65 ) + 0.0674 ( 2.35 ) + 0.0353 ( 5.27 ) + 0.0393 ( 4.73) = 2.6525
2
Sismo en X
0.0599 ( 2.65 )
Rix yit
M Tx =
( 9.61) = 0.57 t
2.6525
Rt
0.0674 ( 2.35 )
R y
= ix it M Tx =
( 9.61) = 0.57 t
Rt
2.6525
Riy xit
VTx A sx =
VTy1 sx =
VTx B sx
VTy 2 sx =
Rt
Riy xit
Rt
M Tx =
M Tx =
Sismo en Y
0.0599 ( 2.65 )
Rix yit
M Ty =
( 18.68 ) = 1.12 t
Rt
2.6525
0.0674 ( 2.35)
R y
= ix it M Ty =
( 18.68) = 1.12 t
2.6525
Rt
VTx A sy =
VTy1 sy =
VTxB sy
VTy 2 sy =
Riy xit
Rt
Riy xit
Rt
M Ty =
M Ty =
0.0353 ( 5.27 )
2.6525
0.0393 ( 4.73)
2.9525
0.0353 ( 5.27 )
2.6525
0.0393 ( 4.73)
2.9525
( 9.61) = 0.67 t
( 9.61) = 0.67 t
( 18.68 ) = 1.31 t
( 18.68) = 1.31 t
Suma de cortante
Sismo X
Sismo Y
VA sy = VTx A sy = 1.12 t
VB sy = VTx B sy = 1.12 t
V1 sx = VTy1 sx = 0.67 t
V2 sx = VTy 2 sx = 0.67 t
A =
Q VTOTAL A
B =
Q VTOTAL B
RA E
RB E
=
=
2 ( 7.18 )
0.0599 (158.114 )
2 ( 6.15 )
0.0674 (158.114 )
= 1.52 cm
1 =
Q VTOTAL 1
= 1.15 cm
2 =
Q VTOTAL 2
-8-
R1 E
R2 E
=
=
2 ( 7.82 )
0.0353 (158.114 )
2 ( 5.71)
0.0393 (158.114 )
= 2.80 cm
= 1.77 cm
DISEO ESTRUCTURAL
Profesor: Ing. Francisco Chacn Garca
Clculo de la distorsin
A2 =
B2 =
A
h1
B
h1
1.52
= 3.8 103
400
12 =
1.15
= 2.9 103
400
22 =
1
h1
2.80
= 7.0 103
400
1.77
= 4.4 103
400
2
h1
A
B
V=
Rix
Yi
( x E)
(m)
0.0599
0.0674
0.1273
5
0
13.33
Rix . Yi
0.2995
0.0000
0.2995
exc=
eyc=
EJE
Riy
Xi
( x E)
(m)
1
2
0.0353
0.0393
0.0746
0
10
Cortante
Directo X
Yit
(t)
(m)
6.27
7.06
13.33
2.65
-2.35
-0.27
0.15
m
m
Rix . Yit
0.1586
-0.1586
ex=
ey=
Riy . Xi
Cortante
Directo Y
(t)
(m)
0.0000
0.3928
0.3928
6.31
7.02
13.33
-5.27
4.73
Xit
Rix . Yit
0.4197
0.3731
0.7928
-1.40
0.72
Riy . Xit
Riy . Xit
-0.1859
0.1859
0.9792
0.8798
1.8590
ctx
-ctx
0.0598 -0.0598
-0.0598 0.0598
Cortante total
X+0.3Y
Desplaz.
Relativo
Desplaz. total
(t)
(t)
(t)
(t)
(cm)
(cm)
0.57
-0.57
1.12
-1.12
6.85
6.48
1.12
-1.12
7.18
6.15
13.33
1.52
1.15
2.96
2.21
3.8
2.9
Desplaz. total
Distorsin (10 )
m
m
Mtx=
Mty=
-cty
cty
0.0701 -0.0701
-0.0701 0.0701
-9-
Suma de cortante
X
(t)
9.61
-18.68
t.m
t.m
Suma de cortante
X
-3
Distorsin (10 )
Cortante total
Desplaz. relativo
0.3X+Y
(t)
(t)
(t)
(t)
(t)
(cm)
(cm)
0.67
-0.67
1.31
-1.31
0.67
-0.67
7.62
5.71
7.82
5.51
13.33
2.80
1.77
5.17
2.94
-3
7.0
4.4