Excel Excel Automation Object Model Microsoft has developed the Excel application with heirarachy of object model.

We can do excel operations using excel object model. Simple object model Example: Excel Application --> Workbooks--> Worksheet--> cel ls ________________________________________ ?Create an Excel File: 'Create a new Microsoft Excel object Set myxl = createobject("excel.application") 'To make Excel visible myxl.Application.Visible = true myxl.Workbooks.Add wait 2 'Save the Excel file as qtp.xls myxl.ActiveWorkbook.SaveAs "D:\qtp.xls" 'close Excel myxl.Application.Quit Set myxl=nothing ________________________________________ ?Create an Excel File , Enter some data , Save the Excel and close the Excel: Set myxl = createobject("excel.application") 'Make sure that you have created an excel file before exeuting the script. 'Use the path of excel file in the below code 'Also make sure that your excel file is in Closed state before exeuting the scri pt. myxl.Workbooks.Open "D:\qtp.xls" myxl.Application.Visible = true 'this is the name of Sheet in Excel file "qtp.xls" where data needs to be en tered set mysheet = myxl.ActiveWorkbook.Worksheets("Sheet1") 'Enter values in Sheet1. 'The format of entering values in Excel is excelSheet.Cells(row,column)=value mysheet.cells(1,1).value ="Name" mysheet.cells(1,2).value ="Age" mysheet.cells(2,1).value ="Ram" mysheet.cells(2,2).value ="20" mysheet.cells(3,1).value ="Raghu" mysheet.cells(3,2).value ="15" 'Save the Workbook ________________________________________ ?Read the data from Excel File: Set myxl = createobject("excel.application") 'Make sure that you have created an excel file before exeuting the script. 'Use the path of excel file in the below code 'Also make sure that your excel file is in Closed state

myxl.Workbooks.Open "D:\qtp.xls" myxl.Application.Visible = true 'this is the name of Sheet in Excel file "qtp.xls" where data needs to be en tered set mysheet = myxl.ActiveWorkbook.Worksheets("Sheet1") 'Get the max row occupied in the excel file Row=mysheet.UsedRange.Rows.Count 'Get the max column occupied in the excel file Col=mysheet.UsedRange.columns.count 'To read the data from the entire Excel file For i= 1 to Row For j=1 to Col Msgbox mysheet.cells(i,j).value Next Next 'Save the Workbook myxl.ActiveWorkbook.Save 'Close the Workbook myxl.ActiveWorkbook.Close 'Close Excel myxl.Application.Quit Set mysheet =nothing Set myxl = nothing ________________________________________ ?Compare Two Excel sheets Cell by cell: Mismatch=0 Set myxl = createobject("excel.application") 'To make Excel visible myxl.Visible = True 'Open a workbook "qtp1.xls" Set Workbook1= myxl.Workbooks.Open("C:\qtp1.xls") 'Open a workbook "qtp2.xls" Set Workbook2= myxl.Workbooks.Open("C:\qtp2.xls") Set mysheet1=Workbook1.Worksheets("Sheet1") Set mysheet2=Workbook2.Worksheets("Sheet1") 'Compare two sheets cell by cell For Each cell In mysheet1.UsedRange 'Highlights the cell if cell values not match If cell.Value <>mysheet2.Range(cell.Address).Value Then 'Highlights the cell if cell values not match cell.Interior.ColorIndex = 3 mismatch=1 End If Next

If Mismatch=0 Then Msgbox "No Mismach exists" End If 'close the workbooks Workbook1.close Workbook2.close myxl.Quit set myxl=nothing ________________________________________ ?Search for Particular value in Excel: Set myxl = createobject("excel.application") 'Make sure that you have created an excel file before exeuting the script. 'Use the path of excel file in the below code 'Also make sure that your excel file is in Closed state before executing the scr ipt. myxl.Workbooks.Open "D:\qtp.xls" myxl.Application.Visible = true 'This is the name of Sheet in Excel file "qtp.xls" where data needs to be en tered set mysheet = myxl.ActiveWorkbook.Worksheets("Sheet1") 'Contents of Sheet1 'Name Age 'Ram 20 'Raghu 15 'Select the used range in particular sheet With mysheet.UsedRange ' Data "Ram" to search ' Loop through the used range For each search_data in mysheet.UsedRange ' compare with the expected data If search_data="Ram" then 'make the cell with color if it finds the data search_data.Interior.ColorIndex = 40 End If next End With 'Save the Workbook myxl.ActiveWorkbook.Save 'Close the Workbook myxl.ActiveWorkbook.Close 'Close Excel myxl.Application.Quit Set mysheet =nothing Set myxl = nothing ________________________________________ ?Copy an Excel sheet to another Excel sheet:

Set myxl = createobject("excel.application") 'To make Excel visible myxl.Visible = True 'Open a workbook "qtp1.xls" Set Workbook1= myxl.Workbooks.Open("C:\qtp1.xls") 'Open a workbook "qtp2.xls" Set Workbook2= myxl.Workbooks.Open("C:\qtp2.xls") 'Copy the used range of workbook "qtp1.xls" Workbook1.Worksheets("Sheet1").UsedRange.Copy 'Paste the copied values in above step in the A1 cell of workbook "qtp2.xls" Workbook2.Worksheets("Sheet1").Range("A1").PasteSpecial Paste =xlValues 'Save the workbooks Workbook1.save Workbook2.save 'close the workbooks Workbook1.close Workbook2.close myxl.Quit set myxl=nothing ________________________________________ ?Addsheet Method: Description: Adds the specified sheet to the run-time Data Table and returns the sheet so that you can directly set properties of the new sheet in the same stat ement. Syntax: DataTable.AddSheet(SheetName) Example: 'Create a datatable sheet during Run time.This sheet will be available during ru n time only. 'We can view this sheet in Result Summaryunder section "Run Time data Table". datatable.AddSheet("Qtpworld") 'To add column name and a default value under them. datatable.GetSheet("Qtpworld").AddParameter "name","Ram" datatable.GetSheet("Qtpworld").AddParameter "age","18" wait 5 ________________________________________ ?DeleteSheet Method: Description: Deletes the specified sheet from the run-time Data Table. Syntax: DataTable.DeleteSheet SheetID Example: 'Create a datatable sheet during Run time.This sheet will be available during ru n time only. 'We can view this sheet in Result Summary under section "Run Time data Table" .

datatable.AddSheet("Qtpworld") 'To delete datatable sheet datatable.DeleteSheet("Qtpworld") datatable.DeleteSheet("Global") wait 3 ________________________________________ ?Import Method: Description: Imports the specified Microsoft Excel file to the run-time Data Tab le. Syntax: DataTable.Import(FileName) Example given below ?Export Method: Description: Saves a copy of the run-time Data Table in the specified location. Syntax: DataTable.Export(FileName) Example: 'If data is stored in multiple sheet in external Excel Workbook , 'we can import multiple sheet data into Datatable and 'Do neccessary operation on the imported data. datatable.Import "C:\qtptest.xls" 'To get the total count of QTP datatable sheets msgbox datatable.GetSheetCount 'After the operations are done,you can export the all the qtp datasheets to the External file 'Create a datatable sheet during Run time.This sheet will be available during r un time only. datatable.Export "C:\qtptest.xls" 'We can view this sheet in Result Summary under section "Run Time data Table" . datatable.AddSheet("Qtpworld") 'To delete datatable sheet datatable.DeleteSheet("Qtpworld") datatable.DeleteSheet("Global") wait 3 ________________________________________ ?Value Property: Description: DataTable default property. Retrieves or sets the value of the cell in the specified parameter and the current row of the run-time Data Table. Syntax: DataTable.Value(ParameterID [, SheetID]) Example given below ?ImportSheet Method:

Description: Imports a sheet of a specified file to a specified sheet in the run -time Data Table. The data in the imported sheet replaces the data in the destin ation sheet (see SheetDest argument). Syntax: DataTable.ImportSheet(FileName, SheetSource, SheetDest) Example given below ?ExportSheet Method: Description: Exports a specified sheet of the run-time Data Table to the specifi ed file. If the specified file does not exist, a new file is created and the specified sh eet is saved.If the current file exists, but the file does not contain a sheet w ith the specified sheet name, the sheet is inserted as the last sheet of the fil e. If the current file exists and the file contains the specified sheet, the export ed sheet overwrites the existing sheet. Syntax: DataTable.ExportSheet(FileName, DTSheet) Example: 'If data is stored in a particular sheet in external Excel Workbook , 'we can import only that particular sheet data into Datatable and 'do neccessary operation on the imported data. 'Create a sheet "Sheet1" in qtp datatable.AddSheet "Sheet1" 'Sheet1 data from excel file contains the following data 'Name Age 'Ramu 20 'Rakesh 24 'Import Sheet1 data from excel file to qtp sheet "Sheet1" datatable.ImportSheet "C:\qtpsheet.xls","Sheet1","Sheet1" 'Add a column "Result" for displaying result in qtp sheet datatable.GetSheet("Sheet1").AddParameter "Result","" wait 2 'Apply the logic: if age is less than 18 then the guy is " Minor" or" row =datatable.GetSheet("Sheet1").GetRowCount For i = 1 to row datatable.GetSheet("Sheet1").SetCurrentRow(i) If datatable.Value("Age","Sheet1") > 18 Then datatable.Value("Result","Sheet1") = "Major" Else datatable.Value("Result","Sheet1") = "Minor" End If Next 'Export the qtp sheet "Sheet1" bak to external excel else "Maj

Datatable.ExportSheet "C:\qtpsheet.xls","Sheet1" ' After exporting you can see that the excel file now has been updated with res ult ________________________________________ ?GetSheet Method: Description: Returns the specified sheet from the run-time Data Table. Syntax: DataTable.GetSheet(SheetID) Example given below ?GetSheetCount Method: Description: Returns the total number of sheets in the run-time Data Table. Syntax: DataTable.GetSheetCount Example given below ?GetCurrentRow Method: Description: Returns the current (active) row in the first sheet in the run-time Data Table (global sheet). Syntax: DataTable.GetCurrentRow Example given below ?GetRowCount Method: Description: Returns the total number of rows in the longest column in the first sheet in the run-time Data Table (global sheet). Syntax: DataTable.GetRowCount Example given below ?SetCurrentRow Method: Description: Sets the specified row as the current (active) row in the run-time Data Table. Syntax: DataTable.SetCurrentRow(RowNumber) Example: 'Create a datatable sheet during Run time. 'This sheet will be available during run time only. 'We can view this sheet in Result Summary under section "Run Time data Table" . datatable.AddSheet("Qtpworld") 'To add column name and a default value under them. datatable.GetSheet("Qtpworld").AddParameter "name","Ram"

datatable.GetSheet("Qtpworld").AddParameter "age","18" 'Enter data into second row of datatsheet "Qtpworld" datatable.GetSheet("Qtpworld").SetCurrentRow(2) datatable.Value("name","Qtpworld")="Ramu" datatable.Value("age","Qtpworld")="23" 'total number of datasheets in the run-time Data Table Msgbox datatable.GetSheetCount 'Get the max used range of the datasheet row=datatable.GetSheet("Qtpworld").GetRowCount 'Loop to read all the data in the datasheet "Qtpworld" For Drow= 1 to row datatable.GetSheet("Qtpworld").SetCurrentRow(Drow) Msgbox datatable.Value("name","Qtpworld") Msgbox datatable.Value("age","Qtpworld") Msgbox "Current Row is: " & datatable.GetSheet("Qtpworld").GetCurrentRow

Next ________________________________________ ?GlobalSheet Property: Description: Returns the first sheet in the run-time Data Table (global sheet). Syntax: DataTable.GlobalSheet Example given below ?LocalSheet Property: Description: Returns the current (active) local sheet of the run-time Data Table . Syntax: DataTable.LocalSheet Example: 'To add column name in Global Sheet and a default value under them. datatable.GlobalSheet.AddParameter "name","ramu" datatable.GlobalSheet.AddParameter "age","18" 'To add column name in Local Sheet and a default value under them. datatable.LocalSheet.AddParameter "name","Rakesh" datatable.LocalSheet.AddParameter "age","22" wait 5 ================ Actions Actions is a set of logical statements to perform specific test.

There are three kinds of actions: 1. Non Reusable action 2. Reusable action 3. External action Non Reusable action: An action that can be called only in the test with which it is stored, and can b e called only once. Reusable action: An action that can be called multiple times by the test with which it is stored (the local test) as well as by other tests. External action: A reusable action stored with another test.External actions are read-only in the calling test, but you can choose to use a local, editable copy of the Data Tabl e information for the external action. Steps to follow to perform different operation in Actions: Create an Action: Insert-->call to new action-->enter name of the action-->click OK. Rename Actions: Select desired action in action drop down box--> edit menu-->action-->rename act ion-->modify the name-->click OK. Call an Action: Insert-->call to existing action-->browse path of the test-->select desired acti on-->click OK.(Note: We cannot edit) Copy an Action: Insert-->call to copy of action-->browse path of the test-->select desired acti on-->click OK.(Note: we can edit this action). Make an Action Reusable: Select Non Reusable action -->edit -->action-->action properties-->check reusabl e action check box -->click OK. Delete Actions: Select desired action in action drop down box-->edit menu-->action-->delete acti on-->confirm deletion. ============ Difference between Action and Function? ? Action is a collection of Vb statements in QTP. It does not return any values .Function collection of Vb statements in QTP. It returns single value. ? We can call functions within actions but we can't call actions within functio ns

? Generally functions are saved with ".vbs" extention where as actions will sav e with ".mts". ? Every Action will have its own Datatable where as function does not. ? Action can have a object repository associated with it while a function can't . A function is just lines of code with some/none parameters and a single return value while an action can have more than one output parameters. ? Action can contains Object Repository, Data table, Active screen etc. whereas function do not have these features. ? Action is internal to QTP whereas Function is just lines of code with some/no ne parameters and a single return value. ? Action can/can not be resuable whereas functions are always reusable. ? Action Parameter have default values whereas VB script function do not have a ny default values. ? Action parameter type are byvalue only where vbscript functions can be passed byref. ? Action can have multiple output(returning) values whereas function can return only single value.