Chapter 3 Summary

By Jacob Klionsky
Friday, November 15

Klionsky, Jacob

Friday, November 15, 2013 10:21:32 AM Pacic Standard Time

70:56:81:af:dd:e5

The Distributive Property

Properties

Its when you distribute a large number in a multiplication problem to make it easier to solve Lets use the distributive for this problem, 7(63) we can make the problem 7(60) + 7(3) = 441

The Commutative Property

Its when you change the order of each side of an equation, but still keeping the equation equal There is the Commutative property of Addition and Multiplication Here is the the Commutative Property of Addition 4 + 6 + 8 = 6 + 4 + 8 Here is the Commutative Property of Multiplication 6 x 9 x 10 = 10 x 6 x 9

The Associative Property

Its when you move the way numbers are grouped in and out of parentheses There is an Associative Property of Addition and Multiplication Here is the Associative Property of Addition (5 + 6) + 3 = 5 + (6 + 3) Associative Property of Multiplication 6 x (7 x 4) = (6 x 7) x 4
Klionsky, Jacob Friday, November 15, 2013 10:21:32 AM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:dd:e5

Simplify the Expression

4(7x - 3) + 2x
Here we have an expression that cant be solved but can be simplied You rst have to combined the like terms, which means combined all numbers that have same variable behind it or dont have one You rst have to combined the 7x with 2x, but since 7x is being multiplied by 4 in the parentheses you multiply 7x by 4 = 28x, then + 2x = 30x You do the same for -3, so -3 x 4 = -12 In conclusion we have 30x and -12 or 30x -12

4 (7x - 3 ) + 2x 28x - 12 + 2x 30x - 12

Klionsky, Jacob Friday, November 15, 2013 10:21:32 AM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:dd:e5

Complex multiple step equations

7x -10 -9x = -13
This problem is a bit more complex, but still easy First combine like terms 7x and -9x or 7x - 9x = -2x and also -10 So we have -2x - 10 = -13, we now have to isolate the variable We rst, add 10 to remove the -10, but you have to do it to both sides; so you add 10 + -13 = -3 We now have -2x = -3, we take away the -2 from x by dividing by -2, now you do it to -3; so -3/-2 = 1.5

7x - 10 -9x = -13

7x - 9x = -2x

In conclusion x = 1.5

-2x - 10 = -13
+ 10 + 10

-2x = -3
/-2 /-2

X = 1.5, OR 3/2 SIMPLIFIED TO 1 1/2

Klionsky, Jacob Friday, November 15, 2013 10:21:32 AM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:dd:e5

Multiple Step Equation with Fractions

5x/6 + x/3 - 1/2 = 11/6
For this problem your going to make the fractions to numbers to make everything easier We rst nd the common denominator of 6, 3, 2, and 6, so common denominator is 6 We now convert all the fractions to sixths 5x/6 is already good we multiply x/3 by 1= 2/2 to equal sixth so x/3 x 2/2 = 2x/6 1/2 x 3/3 = 3/6 and 11/6 is already good Now that the denominators are all the same we dont have to worry about them Its now just 5x + 2x - 3 = 11 so combine like terms 5x + 2x = 7x 7x - 3 = 11 add three to get rid of -3 but do do the same to 11 so, 11 + 3 = 14 7x = 14 divide 7 and then divide 14/7 = 2 In conclusion x = 2 then multiply 1/2 by 1=3/3 so

5x/6 + x/3 - 1/2 = 11/6 5x + 2x = 7x 7x - 3 = 11

+3 +3

x/3 x 2/2 = 2x/6 and 1/2 x 3/3 = 3/6

7x = 14

x=2
Klionsky, Jacob Friday, November 15, 2013 10:21:32 AM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:dd:e5

/7

/7

Solving Inequalities
2 ! x/-5
We have to simplify the expression above Its just like a multiple step equation where you have to change each side when you do something to isolate the variable So in this problem we multiply by -5 on each side to get rid of -5, so 2 times -5 equals ten, so -10 ! x But in inequalities you have to switch the direction of the inequality when you divide or multiply by a negative number as the number next to the variable

2 ! x/-5
X -5

In conclusion, the true answer is -10 " x or x ! -10

-10 " x

X -5

x ! -10
Klionsky, Jacob Friday, November 15, 2013 10:21:32 AM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:dd:e5

Graphing Inequalities
x ! -10
Graphing inequalities is very easy All you do is graph the number (in this case -10) and say what the variable is compared to it If the inequality is either ! or " the circle above the number is closed If the inequality is either < or > the circle above the number is open

x ! -10
o
-10 0 -10

x < -10
0

Klionsky, Jacob

Friday, November 15, 2013 10:21:32 AM Pacic Standard Time

70:56:81:af:dd:e5

Complex Inequalities
-4x + 4 ! -8
This problem is a bit complicated but you already know all the steps First subtract 4 from each side so, -4x ! -8 - 4 or -12 So now divide by -4 from each side, -12/-4 = 3 Once we ip the direction of the symbol x ! 3

-4x + 4 ! -8
-4 /-4 -4 /-4

-4x ! -12 x ! -3
Klionsky, Jacob Friday, November 15, 2013 10:21:32 AM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:dd:e5

Word Problems
Chris wants to buy a bicycle that costs $160. If she saves $12 each week, what is the fewest number of weeks she must save in order to buy the bicycle?

$12w ! $160
12 12

Chris could wait at least 14 weeks

w!

13.33 ROUND TO 14

Mark worked on math homework less than 1/3 the amount that his brother did. If Mark spent 25 on his math homework, how much time did his brother spent on his math homework?

MB1/3 < 25
/ 1/3 / 1/3

Marks brother spent at least 75 minutes on his homework

MB < 75
Klionsky, Jacob Friday, November 15, 2013 10:21:32 AM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:dd:e5

Last Word Problem

One third of a number, decrease by thirty-six, is at most twenty-two. Find the number.

1/3n - 36 " 22
+36

The number is at most 174

+36 / 1/3

1/3n " 58
/ 1/3

n " 174

THE END
NOW CHAPTER 4
Klionsky, Jacob Friday, November 15, 2013 10:21:32 AM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:dd:e5