Effective Transmission of Data through RBPH for Group Communication

INTRODUCTION Pragmatic General Multicast (PGM) is a departure from previous end to end reliable protocols that exploit Internet Multicast. It has both end system and router elements to the protocol. This is an attempt to overcome the scaling problems of protocol reliability techniques (ACK or NAK, retransmission) when operating them over intermittently lossy IP Networks. PGM is targeted at one to many applications, but of course could be used for many to many simply by using multiple sessions. i) Add IP router alert option handling in the IP packet processing ii) Add PGM processing

"Pragmatic General Multicast (PGM) is a reliable multicast transport protocol mainly aimed for applications that require ordered, duplicate-free, multicast data delivery from multiple sources to multiple receivers. The advantage of PGM over traditional multicast protocols is that it guarantees that a receiver in the group either receives all data packets from transmissions and retransmissions, or is able to detect unrecoverable data packet loss. PGM is specifically intended as a workable solution for multicast applications with basic reliability requirements. Its central design goal is simplicity of operation with due regard for scalability and network efficiency".

Abstract:

Pragmatic General Multicast (PGM) is a reliable multicast transport protocol that runs over a best effort datagram service, such as IP multicast. PGM obtains scalability via hierarchy, forward error correction, NAK elimination, and NAK suppression. It employs a novel polling scheme for NAK delay tuning to facilitate scaling up and down. This article describes the architecture of PGM, and discusses performance and security issues. We show that PGM supports asymmetric networks, achieves high network utilization, and is capable of high-speed (> 100 Mb/s) operation. PGM is currently an IETF experimental RFC that has been implemented in both commercial and academic settings. Pragmatic General Multicast (PGM) is a reliable multicast transport protocol for applications that require multicast data delivery from a single source to multiple receivers. PGM guarantees that a receiver in the group either receives all data packets from transmissions and repairs, or is able to detect (rare) unrecoverable data packet loss. It obtains excellent scalability via hierarchy, forward error correction, NAK (negative acknowledgement) elimination, and NAK suppression. PGM is now an IETF experimental RFC. This paper describes the architecture of PGM and provides some analysis of its performance. PGM does not require the receiver to multicast, making it applicable to networks that are only multicast capable from sender to receivers. PGM also makes efficient use of back-channel bandwidth making it well-suited to asymmetric networks that have a high capacity channel from the sender to receivers, but have a constrained back-channel from the receivers to the sender.

PROBLEM FORMULATION
Description of Problem The main objective of this system is to focus on fuzzy techniques for image filtering. Already several fuzzy filters for noise reduction have been developed. Those technique deals with fat-tailed noise like impulse noise and median filter. Most fuzzy techniques are not specifically designed for Gaussian (-like) noise or do not produce convincing results when applied to handle this type of noise.

4.1 Objectives

The following are the objectives of the Database Migration, To provide better service to clients at various location. To reduce administrative costs. To decrease the paperwork and implement more streamlined information gathering and client services. To lower error rates. To increase productivity.

HARDWARE SPECIFICATION
Processor : Any Processor above 500 Mhz.

Ram

: 128Mb.

Hard Disk

: 10 Gb.

Compact Disk

: 650 Mb.

Input device

: Standard Keyboard and Mouse.

Output device

: VGA and High Resolution Monitor.

4.3 SOFTWARE SPECIFICATION

Operating System : Windows 2000 server Family.

Pages developed using: Java Server Pages and HTML.

Techniques

: Apache Tomcat Web Server 4.0, J2SDK1.4

Web Browser

: Microsoft Internet Explorer.

Data Bases

: Microsoft Access, SQL Server