Chemical Engineering Department

EXPERIMENT NO.

STEAM DISTILLATION

STEAM DISTILLATION

Chemical Engineering Department

EXPERIMENT NO. STEAM DISTILLATION

Aim : To verify Henry la! for team "i tillation# Apparatus : Di tillation tan$% Steam generator% Mea &ring cylin"er% 'ea$er % Thermometer% Stop !atch% (eight )o*% etc# Theory : The m&t&al ol&)ility of ome li+&i" i o mall that they can )e con, i"ere" &) tantially in ol&)le# e#g# mi*t&re &ch a hy"ro, car)on !ater in !hich the &m of the eparate !ater.vapo&r/ pre &re e+&, al the total pre &re# 0a 1 0) 2 0c A t!o li+&i" pha e are pre ent the mi*t&re !ill )oil at the ame tem, perat&re - pro"&ce a vapo&r of con tant compo ition# (ith team "i tillation% o long a li+&i" !ater i pre ent the high )o, iling can )e vapo&ri3e at m&ch lo!er )oiling point !itho&t vac&&m p&mp# If it )oile" at 4567C% thi compo&n" !ill &n"er,go con i"era)le "eco, po ition# The "i tillation nee" large po!er con &mption )&t can )e re"&ce )y 8atio of the vapo&r pre &re of the &) tance may )e more favo&ra)le# Procedure : 9# Ta$e $no!n amo&nt of nitro)en3ene in "i tillation fla $# 4# :ill &p the !ater in team generator# ;# Arrange the a em)ly a ho!n in fig&re# 6# Start the con"en er !ater flo! rate )y operating inlet valve# <# Start the heating of generator !ith &ita)le heating element# =# After ome time team !ill generate - !ill enter into "i tillation fla $# ># The "i tillation operation !ill )e tating# 2
STEAM DISTILLATION

Chemical Engineering Department

?# The "i tille" !ater.vapo&r/ of C=H<NO4 - team !ill go to the con"en er - finally the vapo&r mi*t&re i con"en e" - collecte" in me, ing cylin"er# Contin&e the proce till the more than <5@ li+&i" "i till # A# 8ecor" the "i tillation temperat&re# 95# Stop the operation )y &ita)le metho"# Contin&e the cooling till all the apparat& &ita)ly cool# Graph : 0lot the graph of Bapo&r pre &re vC Temperat&re#

O ser!atio" : 9# Den ity of !ater . a/ 2 DDDDDDDDD 4# Den ity of Nitro)en3ene .E)/ 2 DDDDDDDDD ;# Bapo&r pre &re of !ater at )oiling point .0a/ 2 DDDDDDDDDD 6# Bapo&r pre &re of C=H<NO4 at )oiling point .0)/ 2 DDDDDDDDD <# Bol&me of !ater collecte" .Ba/ 2 DDDDDDDDD =# Bol&me of C=H<NO4 collecte" .B)/ 2 DDDDDDDDD ># 'oiling point of C=H<NO4 2 DDDDDDDD ?# Temperat&re of "i tillation operation 2 DDDDDDDDDD #a$cu$atio" : A per Henry la! :
Wa Wb = ( Pa * Ma ) ( Pb * Mb)

(here% 0a 2 Bapo&r pre &re of team 0) 2 Bapo&r pre &re of C=H<NO4 Ma 2 Molec&lar !ight of team M) 2 Molec&lar !eight of C=H<NO4 (a 2 (eight of team () 2 (eight of C=H<NO4 Resu$t :

STEAM DISTILLATION