SBS Hardware

Information
Base Station System Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241

A30808-X3247-K14-4-7618
Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241
Information Base Station System
Important Notice on Product Safety

DANGER - RISK OF ELECTRICAL SHOCK OR DEATH - FOLLOW ALL INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS. The system complies with the standard EN 60950 / IEC 60950. All equipment connected to the system must comply with the applicable safety standards. Hazardous voltages are present at the AC power supply lines in this electrical equipment. Some components may also have high operating temperatures. Failure to observe and follow all installation and safety instructions can result in serious personal injury or property damage. Therefore, only trained and qualified personnel may install and maintain the system.
The same text in German: Wichtiger Hinweis zur Produktsicherheit LEBENSGEFAHR - BEACHTEN SIE ALLE INSTALLATIONSHINWEISE. Das System entspricht den Anforderungen der EN 60950 / IEC 60950. Alle an das System angeschlossenen Gerte mssen die zutreffenden Sicherheitsbestimmungen erfllen. In diesen Anlagen stehen die Netzversorgungsleitungen unter gefhrlicher Spannung. Einige Komponenten knnen auch eine hohe Betriebstemperatur aufweisen. Nichtbeachtung der Installations- und Sicherheitshinweise kann zu schweren Krperverletzungen oder Sachschden fhren. Deshalb darf nur geschultes und qualifiziertes Personal das System installieren und warten.
Caution:
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with EN 301489. Its class of conformity is defined in table A30808-X3247-X910-*-7618, which is shipped with each product. This class also corresponds to the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the relevant standards referenced in the manual Guide to Documentation, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. For system installations it is strictly required to choose all installation sites according to national and local requirements concerning construction rules and static load capacities of buildings and roofs. For all sites, in particular in residential areas it is mandatory to observe all respectively applicable electromagnetic field / force (EMF) limits. Otherwise harmful personal interference is possible.
Trademarks: All designations used in this document can be trademarks, the use of which by third parties for their own purposes could violate the rights of their owners.
Copyright (C) Siemens AG 2003.

Issued by the Information and Communication Mobile Group Hofmannstrae 51 D-81359 Mnchen Technical modifications possible. Technical specifications and features are binding only insofar as they are specifically and expressly agreed upon in a written contract.
A30808-X3247-K14-4-7618
Reason for Update

Summary: Fourth Edition for Release BR6.0 Details: Chapter/Section Reason for Update General corrections and improvements in all Chapters/Sections
Issue History
Issue Number 1 2 3 4 Date of issue Reason for Update
06/2002 09/2002 11/2002 05/2003
First Edition for new Release BR6.0 Second Edition for Release BR6.0 Third Edition for Release BR6.0 Fourth Edition for Release BR6.0
A30808-X3247-K14-4-7618
A30808-X3247-K14-4-7618
This document consists of a total of 65 pages. All pages are issue 4.
Contents
1 1.1 1.2 2 2.1 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.2 2.3 3 3.1 3.1.1 3.1.2 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 3.11 3.11.1 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 4 4.1 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.1.3 4.2 4.2.1 4.2.1.1 4.2.2 5 5.1 6 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Main Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Hardware Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Board Redundancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AC/DC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Core . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Power Amplifier Output Level (typical values) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rack Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Description of Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Core (COBA and COSA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Core Basis (COBA2P8) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Core Satellite (COSA6P16) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Carrier Unit (CU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . EDGE Carrier Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Duplexer Amplifier Multi Coupler (DUAMCO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DI(=2) Amplifier Multi Coupler (DIAMCO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Filter Combiner (FICOM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tower Mounted Amplifier (TMA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . High Power Duplexer Unit (HPDU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DC Panel (DCP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alarm Collection Terminal (ACT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AC/DC Converter (AC/DC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DC and Battery Controller (DCBCTRL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overvoltage Protection and Tracer (OVPT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Abis Link Equipment (LE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cover Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Backup Battery (BATTERY) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Heat Exchanger (HEX) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Antenna Combiners and Receiving Paths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Methods of Combining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Typical Combiner Losses (TX path) and Output Power Level . . . . . . . . . . Parameters of Tower Mounted Amplifier (TMA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Examples of possible BTSE configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Receiving Paths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Antenna diversity techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Antenna System Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Receiver Sensitivity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 17 17 17 18 20 25 26 27 29 30 33 38 38 39 39 39 40 40 41 42 42 42 42 43 43 44 45 45 52 54 56 60 60 60 61
Power Supply and Battery Backup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Support of Emergency Operation for 3rd Party BBU System . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
A30808-X3247-K14-4-7618
Illustrations
Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 3.11 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 BS-240 Indoor Cabinet and BS-241 Outdoor Cabinet (Base Racks) . . . 14 Units and Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Redundant COREs and their Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 BS-240 Base Rack and 2 Extension Racks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 BS-241 Base Rack and 2 Extension Racks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Possible Configuration of Service1 Rack and Service2 Rack. . . . . . . . . 23 BS-240/241 fully Equipped with 24 Carriers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Backplane Slot Configuration of Core. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 COBA2P8 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Structure of ACLK Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 COSA6P16 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Carrier Unit Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 PATRX Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Principal Data Flow on SIPRO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 EPATRX and ESIPRO Function Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Data Flow in ESIPRO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Alarm Collection Terminal (ACTM and ACTP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Example of Battery Backup Systems Connected to the AC/DC . . . . . . . 43 Overview of Combining Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 DUAMCO 2:2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 DUAMCO 4:2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 DUAMCO 8:2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 FICOM 8:1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 DIAMCO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 HPDU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Configuration with HPDU, DUBIAS and TMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Multi-cell (3,3,2): with 3 DUAMCO 4:2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Multi-cell (3,3,2): with 2 DUAMCO 4:2 and 1 DUAMCO 2:2 . . . . . . . . . . 57 Single-cell (8,0,0): with FICOM and DIAMCO. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Single-cell (8,0,0): with 2 DUAMCO 4:2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Multi-cell (2,2,2): with 3 DUAMCO 2:2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Single-cell (11...16,0,0): FICOMs, DIAMCOs and HPDUs in 2 Racks . . 59
A30808-X3247-K14-4-7618
Tables
Tab. Tab. Tab. Tab. Tab. Tab. Tab. Tab. Tab. Tab. 1.1 1.2 2.1 2.2 3.1 3.2 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Frequency Bands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Power Amplifier Output Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Table Power Reduction Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Units and Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GMSK/8PSK Linear Modulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Insertion loss of DUAMCOs, FICOMs, HPDU and TMA . . . . . . . . . . . . Parameters of 900 MHz Tower Mounted Amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Parameters of 1800 MHz Tower Mounted Amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Parameters of 900/1800 MHz Tower Mounted Amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 13 18 19 25 34 52 54 55 56
A30808-X3247-K14-4-7618
A30808-X3247-K14-4-7618
1 Introduction
The architecture of BS-240/241 provides maximum flexibility to develop higher capacity BTSs with reduced volume and an expanded number of 24 TRXs in 3 Racks with a modularity of 8 TRXs per Rack. The provision of a full spectrum of combining equipment allows high power and minimized number of antennae. High receiver sensitivity is also guaranted. The BS-240/241 primarily consists of: Carrier oriented boards called carrier unit (CU), Core boards (COSA, COBA) and Combining equipment The carrier unit(s) provide all analog and digital signal processing including an RF power stage necessary to process a single carrier (e.g., GSM 8 TCHs). The carrier unit(s) interface with the combining equipment on the one side and with the core modules on the other. The core boards provide functions common to all carriers within the BS-240/241 (e.g., clock generation, O&M processing,...) as well as LAPD processing for the different carriers. Up to 8 PCM lines can be connected to the core boards. In order to provide cost effective solutions for small and large BTSs, the core boards are scalable (COBA, COSA). In addition, the BS-240/241 itself is scalable. It is possible to connect up to 2 Extension Racks to a Base Rack. The primary communication between the modules is provided by means of bi-directional serial link communications between the carrier units (CU) and the core boards. The serial link also provides an effective means to realize baseband frequency hopping. Despite the fact that synchronization information is transported via the serial links, no differential length constraints apply for the lines of the serial link. All alarms, except the alarms generated in the core and in the CU boards, are transported via the CAN bus. Alarms of the CU boards are transmitted via CC-Link. Core boards use their interface bus.
A30808-X3247-K14-4-7618
1.1
Main Features
The BS-240/241 is designed for max. 24 carriers in 3 Racks/Shelters plus Service Racks/Shelters, if needed. The minimum configuration is one Rack or one shelter with a service shelter. Service Racks/Shelters can be configured to accommodate Backup Batteries and Link Equipment. A Service Rack/Shelter can be equipped with AC/DC Converters. Easy Rack/Shelter Extension is possible with one or two Extension Racks/Shelters. The BS-240/241 can be configured for the systems GSM 850, GSM 900, GSM 1800 and GSM 1900 with the following configurations: Single band Dual band: GSM 900, GSM 1800; GSM 900, GSM 1900; GSM 850, GSM 1800 and GSM 850, GSM 1900 GSM 900, GSM 1800 cell mixed frequencies Common BCCH channel for GSM 900, GSM 1800 cell (dual band) Single cell Multi cell Up to 6 cells per Rack and up to 12 cells can be supported. A special case is the feature concentric cell; one cell with 2 supply areas (inner and complete area). This feature can be used in omnicells as well as in multicells with sectors. The following combining options are supported: Antenna combining with duplexers (DUAMCO) can be applied for 2, 4 and 8 carriers. RF amplifier and multicoupler for the RX path are integrated Antenna combining with Filter Combiners (FICOM) is possible for up to 8 carriers onto one TX antenna Cascading of multicoupler equipment (DIAMCO) is possible for up to 24 carriers High Power Duplexer (HPDU) for reduction of the necessary numbers of antennas in case of FICOM per cell for up to 8 carriers can be applied Every BTSE has core equipment in the Base Rack/Shelter Sensitivity is better than GSM requirements at the Rack entry by using DUAMCO or DIAMCO units BTSplus sensitivity is better than GSM requirements at the antenna connector by using Tower Mounted Ampliers (TMA) EDGE Carrier Units (ECU) Mixed Congurations of Cells/Sectors applying both EDGE Carrier Units (ECU) and normal Carrier Units (CU) Traffic Channels: Full-Rate (FR) Half-Rate (HR) Enhanced Full-Rate (EFR) Adaptive Multi Rate Codec (AMR) Services: GPRS HSCSD Frequency Hopping: Baseband Synthesizer Redundancy: SW Support of Core Redundancy
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SW Support of BCCH Redundancy AC/DC n+1 redundancy. (n+1) AC/DC Converters work in load sharing, but n AC/DC are able to supply the whole BS-240/241 including Service Racks/Shelters
Abis interface: Enhanced Full-Rate TCH Full-Rate and Half-Rate TCH Submultiplexing 4 x 16 kbit/s onto one 64 kbit/s timeslot for handling Full-Rate TCH on Um interface Handling of 4x(2x8) kbit/s onto one 64 kbit/s timeslot for half-rate TCH on Um interface Drop and insert feature on 2 Mbit/s and 1.5 Mbit/s (T1) links is available on a 16 kbit/s and a 64 kbit/s basis Star, loop and multidrop chain connections Cross connect function Change of PCM line conguration from star to multidrop or loop and vice versa is possible without any interruption of service Multiple Abis LAPD links; load sharing and LAPD fault recovery External clock synchronisation Over-Voltage Protection with OVPT Abis link media: Wire Fiber optic Micro-Wave Fault procedures: Automatic Recovery procedure of faulty objects in BTS Online RF Loopback
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1.2
Technical Data
The BS-240/241 family with 24 transceivers can be supplied in the following versions: A BS-240 for indoor installation. A BS-241 for outdoor installation (also equipped with: integrated power supply, battery, microwave equipment, integrated link equipment, heat exchanger and cross connector). BS-240/241 consist in a split BTS architecture, with: - 1 Base Rack - Up to 2 Extension Racks - Up to 2 Service Racks (Service1 or Service2).
Characteristics Max. TRX per BTSE (in more than one Rack) Max. TRX per cell (in more than one Rack) Dimensions (mm) (HxWxD) (Base Racks) Volume net Maximum power consumption Weight of Basic Rack empty Weight of Shelter empty Weight of Service1 Rack equipped with: 432 l 24 24
BS-240 (indoor) 24
BS-241 (outdoor)
24
1600x600x450 (53x2x16)
1750x700x650 (59x24x22) (incl. Plinth) 705 l 796 l (incl. Plinth) 1750 W ca.60 kg (132 Lbs) ca.110 kg (242 Lbs)
1600 W ca.60 kg (132 Lbs)
- 1 Frame AC/DC incl. 6 AC/DC Modules (ca. 27 kg/60 Lbs) - 1 Frame for Battery incl. 1Battery (48V / 85 Ah) (ca. 140 kg/309 Lbs) - 1 Mounting Kit for Link Equipment incl. 1 Frame NTPM, Frame for Fan Unit and two FAN's (ca. 16 kg/ 35 Lbs) - 1 Rack (ca. 60 kg/132 Lbs) Sum: ca. 243 kg (536 Lbs) - 2 Frames AC/DC and - 2 Frames for Battery Not possible: max. 3 Frames pro Rack / Shelter can be equipped. - 1 Frame AC/DC incl. 6 AC/DC Modules (ca. 27 kg/60 Lbs) - 1 Mounting Kit for Link Equipment incl. 2 Frame NTPM, Frame for Fan Unit and two FAN's (ca. 21 kg/46 Lbs) - 1 Rack (ca. 60kg/132 Lbs) Sum: ca. 108 kg (238 Lbs) Frame with Battery ca. 140 kg (309 Lbs) FrameAC/DC with 6 AC/DC Modules ca. 27 kg (60 Lbs) Frame with 4 CU's and 2 MUCO's ca. 40 kg (88 Lbs) Frame with 4 ACOM's ca. 40 kg (88 Lbs)) 1 HEX ca. 5.6 kg (12 Lbs)
Weight of Service1 Rack equipped with:
Weight of Service1 Rack equipped with:
Weight of Frame:
Tab. 1.1
Technical Data
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Characteristics Temperature range (C)
BS-240 (indoor) -5 C to +55 C +23 F to +131 F
BS-241 (outdoor) -45 C to +50 C -49 F to +122 F
Tab. 1.1
Technical Data
Frequency-Band GSM 850 P-GSM 900 E-GSM 900 R-GSM 900 GSM-RE 900 GSM 1800 GSM 1900 Tab. 1.2
Uplink (MHz) 824.2 - 848.8 890.2 - 914.8 880.2 - 914.8 876.2 - 914.8 876.2 - 901.0 1710.2 -1784.8 1850.2 -1909.8
Downlink (MHz) 869.2 - 893.8 935.2 - 959.8 925.2 - 959.8 921.2 - 959.8 921.2 - 946.0 1805.2 -1879.8 1930.2 -1989.8
Frequency Bands
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2 Hardware Architecture
The BS-240/241 is designed to achieve commonality of boards to serve both GSM 850, GSM 900 with its different deviates (GSM 1800, GSM 1900) and standards selected for mobile communication systems. Moreover, the architecture of BS-240/241 provides maximum flexibility to develop large and small BTSs which have similar costs per TRX. Fig. 2.1 shows the Base Rack Cabinets.
Fig. 2.1
BS-240 Indoor Cabinet and BS-241 Outdoor Cabinet (Base Racks) The BTS functional blocks of the BS-240/241 are shown in Fig. 2.2
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Cell 0
Base Rack
TMA 4xTX
CC-Links
Abis 2 PCM O V Ext. Sync. P 2 PCM T Sync. O 4 PCM V P T
DUAMCO
TMA Cell 1
RX RXDIV
CU 0
COBA
TMA H DUBIAS P D U
4xTX
FICOM
RX
Abis
CU 7
COSA to next ext. rack
RXDIV ACTC DIAMCO * FAN ACTM
TMA Cell 1 RXCA0 RXCA1 4xTX RX RXDIV CU 0
DCP
Extension Rack
FICOM
4xTX RX RX Cascading DIAMCO RXDIV CU 7 * ACTC FAN DCP ACTP
RXDIV
Service Rack
ACP AC/DC AC/DC
DCP
LE 0
LE 1
* DCBCTRL DCBCTRL ACTC FAN CAN BUS

BATTERY BATTERY
ACTP
* not present in case of BTSE with reduced number of fan

Fig. 2.2 Units and Modules
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AC/DC ACP ACTC ACTM ACTP CAN COBA COSA CU
AC/DC converter AC Panel Alarm Collection Terminal Connection module Optional Alarm Collection Terminal for Master Rack Alarm Collection Terminal for Slave Rack Controller Area Network Core Basis (COBA2P8) Core Satellite (COSA6P16) Carrier Unit
DCBCTRL DCP DIAMCO DUAMCO FICOM HPDU LE TMA
DC and Battery Controller DC Panel DI(2) Amplifier Multi Coupler Duplex Amplifier Multicoupler Filter Combiner High Power Duplexer Link Equipment Tower Mounted Amplifier
The architecture of BS-240/241 provides maximum flexibility to develop large and small BTSs. The BS-240/241 mainly consists of: carrier oriented boards called carrier unit (CU), core boards (COSA, COBA) and combining equipment Up to 8 PCM lines can be connected to the core boards. In order to provide cost effective solutions for small and for large BTSs, the core boards are scalable (COBA, COSA). In addition, also the BTS itself is scalable. It is possible to connect up to 2 Extension Racks to a Base Rack. The main communication between the modules is provided by means of bi-directional serial link communications between the carrier units (CU) and the core boards. The serial link also provides an effective means to realize baseband frequency hopping. Despite the fact that synchronization information is also transported via the serial links, no differential length constraints apply for the lines of the serial link. All alarms, beside the alarms that are generated in the core and in the CU boards, are transported via the CAN bus. Alarms of the CU boards are transmitted via CC-Link. Core boards use their interface bus. The carrier unit(s) provide all analog and digital signal processing including a RF power stage necessary to process a single carrier (e.g., GSM 8 TCHs). The carrier unit(s) interface with the combining equipment on the one side and with the core modules on the other. The core boards provide functions common to all carriers within the BS-240/241 (e.g., clock generation, O&M processing,...) as well as LAPD processing for the different carriers.
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2.1
Board Redundancy
Redundancy in the SBS ensures survival of the system even in the event of multiple failures. Modular architecture, in conjunction with the concept of split functions, guarantees maximum survivability with a minimum of additional hardware.
2.1.1
AC/DC
Up to 6 AC/DC converters can be equipped in the service1 Rack which provide N+1 redundancy. AC/DC converters work in load sharing, but n AC/DC are able to supply the whole BS-240/241.
2.1.2
Core
The Core can consist of up to 2 (without redundancy) or up to 4 (with redundancy) boards, which have a common backplane. The block diagram depicts the 2n CORE redundancy and the embedding of the active and the passive CORE into the BTS, and the interrelation of both COREs.
CU
SELIC SELIC BISON SELIC
P
CU
SELIC SELIC RD Redundancy Link Interf. Switch Switch Logic Link Logic Route Clock (Frame Sync) CLK SELIC RD Interf. Switch Logic Route Clock CLK SELIC
P
CU
SELIC SELIC BISON
FALC
Route Clock
FALC
CORE 0
ABIS CAN LMT Redundant COREs and their Interfaces
CORE 1
Fig. 2.3
Both COREs (COBA0/COSA0 and COBA1/COSA1) have link interfaces to the ABIS lines, but only one (the active CORE) can physically be connected. On the backplane of the BTS, one connector provides a link of the LMT to the current active CORE. In the case of a CORE switch over, the switch logic switches that connector to the new active CORE. The same holds for the CAN bus (alarm bus), i.e., both COREs have the same CAN bus address where at any time at most one CORE is an active CAN bus node. Both the active and the passive CORE have links to the carrier units (CU); in reverse, each CU is linked with both COREs. The traffic data are transmitted transparently through the active CORE. Signal processing takes place only within the CUs. The endpoints of each link are built up by SELIC ASICs (note: one SELIC contains double functionality), where on the CU, one SELIC serves two COREs. In the case of a
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switch over, the SELICs on the active CORE are disabled by the switch logic and the SELICs on the passive one are enabled. The SELICs on the CORE have to know whether they are on the active or on the passive CORE. For this reason the SELICs need a active/passive pin, which is served by the redundancy switch logic. When a switch over occurs, the switch logic sets the active/passive pin of the former active SELICs to "passive" and that of the former passive SELICs to "active". The SELICs on the CUs have to recognize automatically which link comes from the active CORE and which link from the passive one, i.e. it has to recognise a CORE switch over by itself. The RD interface (redundancy interface) is realized as a 2 Mbit/s HDLC link which provides a communication interface between the two main processors (mP). The switch logic is a flip-flop distributed over the two COREs. It manages the HW part of a switch over and enables the COREs to know about their states as active/passive. The ACLK of the active CORE is connected with the one on the passive CORE. It allows the passive ACLK to be synchronized to the active one. NOTE: the redundancy is implemented in a cold-standby mode, i.e., all calls will get lost if a CORE switch over occurs.
2.2
Power Amplier Output Level (typical values)

Modulation Output Power (dBm) 47.3 47.3 45.7 45.7 Output Power (Watt) 53.7 53.7 37.1 37.1
GSM 900 GSM 900 GSM 1800 GSM 1900
CUGV3 CUGV4 CUDV3 / CUDV4 CUPV2
GMSK GMSK GMSK GMSK
GSM 900 GSM 1800
GCUGV2 GCUDV2
GMSK GMSK
47.3 47.3
53.7 53.7
GSM 850 GSM 850 GSM 900 GSM 1800 GSM 18000 Tab. 2.1
ECU 850 HPV2 ECU 850 V3 ECU GV3 ECU DV2 ECU DV3
GMSK 8PSK GMSK 8PSK GMSK 8PSK GMSK 8PSK GMSK
48.45 46.4 48.3 46.3 48.3 46.3 47.3 45.3 48.3
70 43.6 67.6 42.7 67.6 42.7 53.7 33.9 67.6
Power Amplier Output Level
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Modulation GSM 1900 GSM 1900 Tab. 2.1 ECU PV2 ECU PV3 8PSK GMSK 8PSK GMSK 8PSK
Output Power (dBm) 45.3 47.3 45.3 48.3 45.3
Output Power (Watt) 33.9 53.7 33.9 67.6 33.9
Power Amplier Output Level Carrier Unit (CU )
GSM 900: minimum guaranteed output power CU = 50 Watt tolerance value: 47.0 dBm - 47.6 dBm (50 W - 57.5 W); GSM 1800, GSM 1900: minimum guaranteed output power CU = 34 Watt tolerance value: 45.3 dBm - 46.0 dBm (34 W - 39.5 W). The mentioned data are guaranteed from Module Factory Test only. The typical output power at CU output is for: GSM 900: 47,3 dBm GSM 1800: 45.7 dBm To verify the typical output power values in field measurements, the tolerance value of the used measurement equipment, environmental conditions and GSM 05.05 specifications have to be considered.
EDGE Carrier Unit (ECU )
GSM 850, GSM 900: minimum guaranteed output power ECU = 63 Watt (GMSK) / 40 Watt (8PSK); GSM 1800, GSM 1900: minimum guaranteed output power ECU = 50 Watt (GMSK) / 32 Watt (8PSK). The mentioned data are guaranteed from Module Factory Test only.
Revised FCC Certification for ECU 1900 For ECUs with 1930.2 and 1989.8 MHz frequencies, in order to fulfil the FCC requirements in the USA, the maximum transmitting power of the corner frequencies of the GSM 1900 band (channel numbers 512 and 810, i.e. 1930.2 MHz and 1989.9 MHz, respectively) is decreased for all carrier units available for the U.S. market. This feature is realized per software. The BTS evaluates the mobile country code (MCC) provided by the BSC via the attribute "cellGlobalIdentity". If the MCC indicates USA, the BTS reduces the output power of the corner frequencies by a value given in the FCC filing dependent on the hardware type of the carrier unit. The following table represents the power reduction values. CU Type ECUPHPV4 Power reduction at 1930.2 MHz 8 dB Power reduction at 1989.9 MHz 6 dB Comment Just for information; not considered in FCC filing
Tab. 2.2
Table Power Reduction Values
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CU Type ECUPHPV3 ECUPHPV2 ECUPV2 GCUPV1 CUPV4
Power reduction at 1930.2 MHz 8 dB 8 dB 4 dB 4 dB 4 dB
Power reduction at 1989.9 MHz 6 dB 6 dB 2 dB 2 dB 4 dB
Comment
Just for information; not considered in FCC filing
Tab. 2.2
Table Power Reduction Values
2.3
Rack Conguration
The BS-240/241 family, with 8 transceivers per Rack, which is expandable up to 24 transceivers in 3 Racks and can be supplied in two versions: a BS-240 for indoor installation, and a BS-241 for outdoor installation (also equipped with integrated link equipment, Battery Backup and a cooling system). There are 4 different types of Rack: Base Rack/Shelter (with Core modules) Extension Rack/Shelter (for more then 8 CUs) Service1 Rack/Shelter (with AC/DC modules) Service2 Rack/Shelter (for LE and batteries) It is possible to connect up to 3 Racks/Shelters together (1 Base Rack, 2 Extension Racks; the more possible Racks/Shelters called Service Rack/Shelter are not part of a Rack Extension in the proprietary sense) that realizes then the performance of a 24 TRX BTSE as shown in Fig. 2.4 and Fig. 2.5:
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SIEMENS
DC-PANEL ACT-C FAN 0 ACOM 0 ACOM 1 FAN 1
BS-240
SIEMENS
DC-PANEL ACT-C FAN 0 ACOM 0 ACOM 1 FAN 1 ACOM 2
BS-240
SIEMENS
DC-PANEL ACT-C FAN 0 ACOM 0 ACOM 1 FAN 1 ACOM 2
BS-240
ACOM 2
ACOM 3
ACOM 3
ACOM 3
FAN 2 CU 2 CU MUCO 0 MUCO 1 3
FAN 3 CU 6 CU 7 CU 2
FAN 2 CU 3
FAN 2 CU 3
FAN 3 MUCO 1 CU 6 CU 7
FAN 4 * CU 0 CU 1 COBA COSA COBA COSA 0 0 1 1
FAN 5* CU 4 CU 5 CU 0
FAN 4* CU 1
MUCO 0
MUCO 1
FAN 5* CU 4 CU 5 CU 0
FAN 4* CU 1
MUCO 0
FAN 5* CU 4 CU 5
* not present in case of BTSE with reduced number of fans
Fig. 2.4
BS-240 Base Rack and 2 Extension Racks
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SIEMENS
DC-PANEL ACT-C FAN 0 CU 0 CU 1 COBA COSA COBA COSA 0 0 1 1 FAN 1 CU 4
BS-241
SIEMENS
DC-PANEL ACT-C FAN 0 FAN 1 CU 4
BS-241
SIEMENS
DC-PANEL ACT-C FAN 0 FAN 1 CU 4
BS-241
CU 5
CU 0
CU 1
CU 5
CU 0
CU 1
CU 5
FAN 2 CU 2 CU MUCO 0 MUCO 1 3
FAN 2 CU MUCO 0 MUCO 1 3
FAN 2 CU 3 MUCO 0 MUCO 1
FAN 3 CU 6 CU 7
FAN 4* ACOM 0 ACOM 1
* not present in case of BTSE with reduced number of fans
Fig. 2.5
BS-241 Base Rack and 2 Extension Racks Fig. 2.7 shows the max possible configurations. The Base Rack and the Extension Racks can be located physically in any position. The Service Rack (see Fig. 2.6 for possible configuration) satisfies various applications depending on number of CU units configured and/or number and kind of Network termination equipment provided and the Battery Backup time required. All AC/DC frames are housed in the same Service Rack thus there are two basic kinds of the Service Rack, one being connected to the AC mains (Service1 Rack) and one being connected to DC only (Service2 Rack).
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SIEMENS
DC-PANEL ACT-C FAN 0 D C B C T R L FAN 1
SIEMENS
DC-PANEL ACT-C FAN 0 LE 0 LE 1 LE 2 LE 3 LE 4 LE 5 FAN 1
AC/ AC/ AC/ AC/ AC/ AC/ DC DC DC DC DC DC 00 01 02 03 04 05
AC + DC Distribution
FAN 2 D C B C T R L
FAN 3
AC/ AC/ AC/ AC/ AC/ AC/ DC DC DC DC DC DC 10 11 12 13 14 15 1/4 AC + DC Distribution Battery Set 1/4 Battery Set
1/4 Battery Set
1/4 Battery Set
1/4 Battery Set
1/4 Battery Set
Fig. 2.6
Possible Configuration of Service1 Rack and Service2 Rack
On the digital side there is an extension of the CC links (connection between Core Backplane and the CUs not housed in the Base Rack) and the CAN Bus. The CAN Bus connection cannot be shown in the right way because it strongly depends on the number of Extension and Service Racks present. On the RF side there is an extension in the RX path only for omni and specific sector cell (e.g., 5/5/5) configurations and diversity reception with more than 8 TRX. Thus a maximum of 2 RF cables (cascading) are connected between two Racks. There is no TX combining over Rack borders thus the TRXs of different Racks is combined on air only. Some configurations are not possible with 2 Racks only e.g., 5/5/5 with FICOM because of the number of available ACOM slots.
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Service2 Rack
Service1 Rack
Base Rack
Extension Rack Extension Rack
Fig. 2.7
BS-240/241 fully Equipped with 24 Carriers For the BS-241 outdoor cabinet only one type of the Shelter exists to be used for all outdoor Base Shelter, Extension Shelters, Service1 and Service2 Shelters.
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3 Description of Modules
Name Core modules: COBA COSA Carrier related modules: CUx ECUx Antenna system modules: DUAMCO2x DUAMCO4x DUAMCO8x DIAMCOx FICOMBx FICOMXx TMAx HPDUx Freq. Var. no Core basis Core satellite Carrier unit yes Remarks Up to 8 PCM lines with COBA and COSA equipped (COBA and COSA can be equipped only in the Base Rack/Shelter). Carrier unit and EDGE carrier unit can be equipped only in the Base and Extension Racks/Shelters (see also section 2.2) Antenna system modules can be equipped only in the Base and Extension Racks/Shelters. DIAMCO, FICOM and HPDU are not available for the GSM 1900 band. DUAMCO 2:2, DUAMCO 4:2 and HPDU working in shifted primary GSM band are available. A Diplexer can be used in all cases where GSM 900 and GSM 1800, GSM 1900 or GSM 850 and GSM 1800, GSM 1900 Feeder Cables have to be installed in parallel. ACTC is equipped in every Rack/Shelter. ACTM can be equipped only in the Base Rack/Shelter. ACTP can be equipped in the Extension or Service Racks/Shelters. AC/DC controller used for AC power can be equipped only in the Service1 Rack/Shelter). Supervision of the AC/DC converter and of the connected Battery systems (only in Service1 and Service2 Racks/Shelters). 100 / 120 symmetric line 75 coaxial asymmetric line Link Equipment can be equipped only in Service1 and Service2 Racks/Shelters the air flow inside the Frame or Shelter is not affected
yes Duplexer 2:2 Duplexer 4:2 Duplexer 8:2 Diversity multi coupler Filter combiner (base) Filter combiner (extension) Tower mounted amplifier High power duplexer
Alarm collection modules: ACTC (part of DC-Panel) ACTM ACTP Power supply modules: AC/DC DCBCTRL
Alarm collection terminals
no
no AC/DC converter DC battery controller
OVPT OVPTCOAX Abis Link Equipment: LE Cover Parts: CP:ACOM CP:CU CP:AC/DC CP:DIAMCO CP:COBA, COSA CP:ACT CP:HEX Tab. 3.1
Over voltage protection and tracer Link Equipment Cover Parts have to be inserted if the respective active module is not needed in a configuration
no no no
Units and Modules
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Name Battery Backup Battery systems
Freq. Var. no
Remarks up to 4 Battery systems can be equipped (only in the Service1 or Service2 RackShelters) for forced convection cooling Heater can be equipped in all typer of Shelters Base, Extension, Service1 and Service2 Base, Extension, Service1 and Service2 with HEX
Fan Heater: HEX Frame Shelter
Central Fan unit Single Heater Compact Rack Shelter of the Cabinet
no no no no
Tab. 3.1
Units and Modules
3.1
Core (COBA and COSA)

The Core has the following tasks inside the BTSE: local controlling of the entire BTSE generating of system clocks providing of up to 8 Abis-interfaces to BSC or other BTSEs routing of Abis-data to up to 24 CUs providing an interface to the LMT/OMT handling and processing of O&M-messages Therefore, the Core can consist of up to 2 (without redundancy) or up to 4 (with redundancy) boards, which have a common backplane. The following picture gives an idea of the slot-configurations:
Extension Rack CABLE Backplane COBA COSA COBA red. COSA red. Plugs Abis
CU
OVPT
2 Abis
6 Abis
2 Abis
6 Abis CUs
8 CU
16 CU
8 CU
16 CU
other interfaces
Fig. 3.1
Backplane Slot Configuration of Core
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For a configuration with less or equal 2 PCM30/24-interfaces and no Extension Rack one COBA-board is required. The second slot can be used (by adding 1 COSA Board) for an expansion of the BTSE up to 8 Abis- and 24 CU-interfaces or it can be used for future expansions, e.g. a GPS-Receiver for synchronization, better frequency-standards or other Abis-interfaces than PCM30/24 (e.g., SDH, ATM). The connection of Abis- and CU-interfaces of the Core to the OVPT/Abis-interface and the CUs is done via cables, which are plugged into the backplane. The CU-interfaces of the Core and its redundancy are routed with separated wires via the backplane and cables to the CUs (2 interfaces on one CU required). The Abis-interface-ports of the Core and its redundancy-ports can only be switched to the same wires. Only one transceiver at the same time is allowed to be switched to the same wires (no simultaneous transmitting/receiving of Core and its redundancy on the same Abis-port possible). To find the physical place of a Abis-interface/CU out of the logical/memory-map address, appropriate configuration-rules are created and considered. Two Core-boards, COBA2P8 (see section 3.1.1) and COSA6P16 (see section 3.1.2), are developed. The first digit gives the number of Abis-Interfaces, the following letter the kind of Abis-interface (e.g. P for PCM30/24), and the following number the number of CU-interfaces, e.g., COSA6P16 (6 PCM30/24 Abis-interfaces, 16 CU interfaces). Hot Plug-in: A Hot Plug-in of the Core-boards (COBA and COSA) is possible. This means, that these boards can be plugged in/out with voltage switched on and no other HW inside the Rack is disturbed (no loss of data on other boards) or a board is destroyed.
A COBA-board can only be pulled out, if before the COSA-board is pulled out After plug-in of a Core-board, this board is in the reset-state and all bus-drivers of external busses are in tristate. These drivers shall be enabled not before initialization of the devices, which serve the external busses.
3.1.1
Core Basis (COBA2P8)

The COBA is the central board of the core. The functionality of the advanced clock generation (ACLK) and the base core controller (BCC) of the entire BTSE are integrated. Additionally two PCM30/24 Abis-interfaces are available on the COBA2P8. The controller maintains the SW of all BTSE units in FLASH-EPROMs, supervises the SW download and terminates all internal system alarms. Beside the O&M functions the controller handles the signalling messages between BSC (Abis) and CUs (CC-Link). For interface and feature extensions the COBA can be expanded with one satellite (COSA). To fulfill the CORE redundancy aspects, the COBA board with its satellite COSA board can be duplicated. In this case, one CORE (COBA+COSA) is "providing service" and works as the master and the other CORE is "cold standby" or is "disabled" if HW problems have occurred. The redundancy switch is controlled by the COBA board. Special links are provided for information exchange between the two board sets.
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SESA OASI RDL TPC LMT/OTP LAPD
SMC2 SMC1 SMC4 SMC3 SMC2 TSA-SCC1
SELIC
BCC ACLK
SELIC SELIC SIU SELIC
CU CU CU CU CU CU CU CU
SELIC-BUS
Abis1 Abis2 SAT-Interface SRAM 16MB FLASH 3 X 8MB WATCH RDL LOGIC DOG CAN I/O BISON
BISON-BUS Route clock ext CLK sync
EEPROMs A/D-Conv.
MUX
DC/DC Converter Fig. 3.2
CAN-BUS, ALARMs
LEDs, Redundancy Control, CU_DC_OFF ect.
COBA2P8 Block Diagram
The ACLK generates the system specific timing signals which are distributed by SELICs to the CUs. Fig. 3.3 shows the structure of the ACLK function. reference clock to redundant ACLK reference clock input reference clock divider master clock divider
phase/ frequency detector BCC interface
D A
OCVCXO 32, 768 MHz
TOP
tracking oscillator processor controlled master sync input from redundant ACLK
master clock
LTG
loadable timing generator
S Y N C 1966080 master counter BCC Interface
2 4 8 16 4096
16,384 MHz 8,192 MHz 4,096 MHz 2,048 MHz 8 kHz 60 ms
SYNC Driver Stage system clocks
master sync master counts master sync to redundant ACLK
Fig. 3.3
Structure of ACLK Function
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The tracking oscillator TOP synchronizes the oven controlled VCXO to the selected frequency reference source. The TOP is realized as a phase/frequency locked loop. The regulation parameters (P and I constant) are variable by SW. Also, the regulating algorithm is implemented by SW. The output clock of the oscillator is called the master clock. The cut-off frequency of the TOP depends directly on the pulling gradient of the used OCVCXO. Since the ACLK has to synchronize to jittered lines the scattering of the cut-off frequency is very critical. The cut-off frequency has to choose very low to eliminate lowest frequency wander and is therefore near the range of the temperatures cut-off frequency. To guarantee less deviation of the required cut-off frequency also with components from different manufactures (2nd and 3rd source), the OCVCXO is calibrated on the COBA in the factory. The pulling gradient is measured against an atomic clock and the calibration values is stored on COBA in a serial EEPROM. Uncalibrated ACLKs must not work in the field. This can be achieved by the software which should check whether the ACLK is calibrated or not. The clock line of the current selected synchronization source is also linked to the redundant ACLK function, which may a track this frequency. In case of redundancy switch-overs no warm up and only a short synchronization phase (because of effects at the switch-over) of the redundant ACLK is necessary. The loadable timing generation hardware LTG is implemented in a FPGA device, which can be loaded by the BCC with the current hardware function. In this stage, all necessary system clocks and the master sync pulse are generated. Also, the master counter is realized. The count value of the master counter is fed via a serial interface to the SELIC. In active redundancy mode, the master sync pulse is forwarded to the standby ACLK. In standby redundancy mode, the generator is synchronized with the master sync pulse coming from the active ACLK function. So both redundant ACLKs generate their clocks in aligned. If necessary, a very fast redundancy switch-over is possible. The FPGA is configured after a power-on reset from the BCC. Until the configuration has finished, no output clocks are available, i.e., a communication via Abis or CUs is not possible. The communication path from the LMT to the BCC is not affected, i.e., a SW-download via the LMT is possible.
3.1.2
Core Satellite (COSA6P16)

The COSA6P16 board (COSA6P16) has the following characteristic: 6 PCM30/24-interfaces for Abis 16 CU-interfaces The board is controlled from the COBA via the SAT-interface (satellite-interface; 32bit data). Fig. 3.4 shows a block diagram of the COSA6P16:
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PCMport1 PCMport2 PCMport3 PCMport4 PCMport5
OVPT & FALC54 for PCM30/24 OVPT & FALC54 for PCM30/24 OVPT & FALC54 for PCM30/24
SELIC SELIC
BISON
SELIC SELIC
to CUs
PCMport6
RCLK1-6 CLKX1-6 Route Clock Preselector
SELIC SELIC SELIC SELIC

Interfaces to COBA
DC/DC Converter
SAT-Interface (32bit data)
Working Clocks Fig. 3.4
BISON BUS
Route Clocks
Real-Time BUS (Hopping) Non-Real-Time BUS (O&M)
COSA6P16 Block Diagram
The key-element of the PCM-interfaces is the FALC (Framing and Line Interface Component for PCM30 and PCM24). It has the following tasks: analogue receive and transmit circuitry for PCM30 and PCM24 data- and clock-recovery frame alignment/synthesis line-supervision timing-adaptation to BISON Data arriving from the Abis-Interface via a PCM-port can be switched non-blocking and bitwise (8 kbit/s and n x 8 kbit/s data-rate possible) with the BISON to another PCM-Port or via a SELIC to a CU. The Route-Clocks of one FALC can be switched with the Route-Clock multiplexer to the COBA for synchronization purposes. The COSA6P16 gets its working-clocks from the COBA. The COSA6P16 is switched with relays to the PCM-lines. In case of failures, the PCM-port 1(3)(5) and 2(4)(6) can be connected with each other via appropriate relays. There is a power-on device on the COSA6P16, which generates a reset at power-on (board-reset). Via a line, the COSA6P16 can be reset from the COBA (board-reset). Additionally, single devices on the COSA6P16 can be reset from the COBA via the SAT-interface.
3.2
Carrier Unit (CU)

The Carrier Unit (CU) takes care for all carrier oriented tasks. In the uplink (UL) direction two RF signals (diversity) are received and finally converted into TRAU frames and
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signalling data. In the downlink (DL) direction, TRAU frames and signalling data are received and converted into a GMSK modulated RF signal, which is amplified to the desired power level. The CU consists of following sub-units: Power Amplier and Transceiver Unit (PATRX) Signal Processing Unit (SIPRO) Power Supply Unit (PSU) There are four variants of CU for the frequency bands GSM 850, R-GSM 900, GSM 1800 and GSM 1900. The differences of the variants arise mainly on the sub-unit PATRX.
Display
Test PC/OMT, SCC, Layer 1 Trace, JTAG, PID, Vcce Loop
Rx inputs Tx output
PATRX
SIPRO
CC-Link
PSU
Fig. 3.5 Carrier Unit Block Diagram
-48V DC
Power Amplifier and Transceiver Unit (PATRX) PATRX provides the main analogue functions of the CU: receives the two (diversity) RF signals from the antenna combining equipment and converts them down to IF. The downconverted RF signals are then transmitted to SIPRO where they are sampled and digitally downconverted to baseband. receives the GMSK modulated signal from the SIPRO. The signal is then I/Q modulated, upconverted, levelled, power amplied and transmitted to the antenna combining equipment. supports the synthesizer frequency hopping provides an RF loop between downlink and uplink path for the unit test of the CU The power control loop implements 6 static power steps (each 2 dB) and additional 15 dynamic power levels (each 2 dB). For low output power versions of the CU, a further reduction of 2 dB is provided.
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RXFEM
Rx input (diversity)
RXFED RXLO LTL TXLO

Tx output
to SIPRO for downconversion to baseband
LCLK from SIPRO RF Control from SIPRO GMSK modulated signal from SIPRO TXBB
PWSTG PWRDET
Fig. 3.6 PATRX Block Diagram
MODUP
from SIPRO
The functional sub-unit PATRX consists of three PCBs: RXA: Analogue receiver board with modules RXFEM, RXFED, RXLO and LTL TXA: Analogue transmitter board with modules MODUP, TXLO, PWRDET PWRSTG: Power stage including heat sink Signal Processing Unit (SIPRO) The SIPRO-Board is a part of the Carrier Unit. It contains all digital functions of the carrier unit namely Signal Processing in uplink and downlink Control of RF on PATRX Baseband and synthesizer hopping Channel Control Radio Link Control O&M parts relevant for carrier unit Link to Core via CC link Additionally, following analogue functions are located on SIPRO: Analogue to digital conversion (IF) Digital to analogue conversion (baseband) Local clock of CU Due to the analogue functions, SIPRO is specific for the different frequency variants. There are two types of SIPROs (one for GSM 850, GSM 900, one for GSM 1800, GSM 1900). Fig. 3.7 illustrates the principal data flow on SIPRO: receives two (diversity!) IF signals from the receiver, then analogue to digital conversion takes place. The next step is digital downconversion to base band and ltering. The output of the lter is equalized. The soft decisions from the equalizer then are deciphered. The deciphered data stream is processed by the decoder. After decoding (including bad frame indication), the data stream is packed into TRAU
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frames and sent to TRAU. Signalling data (e.g., FACCH) are processed by layer 3 of BTS software receives the TRAU frames or signalling data. The TRAU frames are unformatted and sent to the coder. After encoding, data are ciphered. Now, baseband hopping takes place. Training sequence is inserted to the data received via the hopping bus. These bursts are sent to the GMSK modulator. This stream is converted into an analogue baseband signal leaving the SIPRO parallel to the data stream the PLLs for synthesizer hopping are programmed. Therefore, both for uplink and downlink, a data stream to the PLLs is generated. Uplink
diversity
A D
Hopping PLL Central
Digital DownConversion
2 Equalization Deciphering Decoding TRAU Frame Formatting
Signalling
Downlink A D
Hopping PLL Control GMSK Modulation Ciphering Coding TRAU Frame Deformatting
Signalling
Fig. 3.7
Principal Data Flow on SIPRO Power Supply Unit (PSU) The PSU is the DC/DC converter for the CU for all applications. The PSU generates the voltages +26/28V, +6V (only GSM 1800, GSM 1900), +12V, +5.3V and -5.3V for the analogue circuitry and +3.35V for the digital circuitry from a -48V primary input voltage. The PSU is mechanically incorporated in the CU.
3.3
EDGE Carrier Unit

The ECU unit is a modified CU using the same interfaces as CU but supporting EDGE functionality in uplink and downlink. In downlink direction, the signalling and traffic data are received from the Core and converted into GMSK or EDGE modulated signal, which is amplified to the desired power level. With the introduction of EDGE it is possible to mix EDGE and non EDGE timeslots on the same carrier. The ECU carries two independent receivers (normal and diversity channel) to provide the antenna diversity function. In uplink direction, the received signal is converted to IF-band. The IF-band is converted to a digital GMSK/8PSK-signal. The 8PSK is a linear modulation, where three consecutive bits are mapped to symbol as shown in Tab. 3.2
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Modulating bits (1,1,1) (0,1,1) (0,1,0) (0,0,0) (0,0,1) (1,0,1) (1,0,0) (1,1,0) Tab. 3.2
Symbol 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
GMSK/8PSK Linear Modulation
With the 8PSK modulation, the payload/burst is three times more. The mechanical design of ECU is identical to that of CU versions. ECU and CU modules may be installed in any kind of mixed configurations concerning BS-240/241 hardware (Base/Extension Cabinets). Further, any cell/sector configuration with a mixture of EDGE CU and normal CUs can be implemented. The EDGE Carrier Unit (ECU) takes care for all carrier oriented tasks of the BTS. In uplink (UL) direction, two RF signals (diversity) are received and finally converted into TRAU frames and signalling data. In downlink (DL) direction, TRAU frames and signalling data are received and converted into a GMSK or EDGE modulated RF signal, which is amplified to the desired power level. An BTS Rack can be equipped by any combination of ECU and CU. Functional Structure of the EDGE Carrier Unit The ECU unit is a new developed and enhanced CU unit which supports the GMSK and 8PSK Modulation in uplink and downlink. It is a HW compatible to the CU unit and fits into the BTSplus Rack. A functional description of the whole receive and transmit path including the EDGE Carrier Unit and the antenna combining equipment can be found below. The ECU (Fig. 3.8) consists of following functional subunits: Power Amplifier and Transceiver Unit (EPATRX) Signal Processing Unit (ESIPRO) EDGE Power Supply Unit (EPSU)
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Fig. 3.8
EPATRX and ESIPRO Function Block Diagram EDGE Power Amplifier and Tranceiver Unit ( EPATRX) EPATRX provides the main analog functions of the CU. In uplink direction, two (diversity) preamplified and filtered RF signals are received from the antenna combining equipment. These signals are down converted to IF and channel filtered in the RXFE stage. The IF signals are then transmitted to ESIPRO, where they are sampled and digitally down converted to baseband. In downlink direction, the GMSK or 8PSK modulated signal is received from the ESIPRO, I/Q modulated and up converted by the MODUP stage, which also provides the levelling of the output power. The obtained RF signal is then power amplified by the module EPWRST and transmitted to the antenna combining equipment. A part of the transmitted power is fed to the module PWRDET, which performs the power detection. This signal is used to close the digital power loop. The Predistortion Receiver (PDRX) down converts the transmit signal to the TX-IF for the I/Q-Demodulation and adjusting the predistortion values. The transmitter is linearized by means of an adaptive digital predistortion which is applied to the baseband signals. For the introduction of the ECU,a static predistortion was choosen for linearization of the transmit path. The HW is able to do adaptive predistortion, which can be installed by SW update. EPATRX is able to support synthesizer frequency hopping by the implementation of the synthesizer modules RXLO and TXLO. The unit test of the
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ECU is supported by the module LTL, which provides an RF loop between downlink and uplink path. Signal Processing Unit (ESIPRO) The ESIPRO-Board of the BTSPLUS is a part of the Carrier Unit. It contains the following functions of the Carrier Unit: Signal Processing in uplink and downlink Control of RF on EPATRX Baseband and synthesizer frequency hopping Channel Control Radio Link Control O&M parts relevant for carrier unit Link to Core via ASIC SELIC Digital Modulation Predistortion signal processing Digital part of Power control Analog to digital conversion (RXIF) Digital to analog conversion (TX-baseband, TX-ramping) Analog to digital conversion (PDRX) Analog to digital conversion of Diode voltage Analog to digital conversion of temperature Local clock of CU To understand the functional structure of ESIPRO, knowledge of the principal data flow (see Fig. 3.9). In uplink direction, an IF-signal with a frequency of more than 100 MHz arrives from ERXA at the ADC (Analog Digital Converter). The ADC output is processed by a DDC (Digital Down Converter). The DDC transforms the signal into baseband and filters the useful part of the signal. The quasi analog signal at the output of the DDC is converted into bits with reliability information (soft decisions) in the equalizer block. The soft decisions are deciphered and decoded. Traffic channels (e.g., TCH/FS) are sent via TRAU/PCU frames to TRAU/PCU. Signalling channels (e.g., SDCCH) are sent to the CORE of the BTS.In downlink direction traffic channels arrive as TRAU/PCU frames from TRAU/PCU and signaling data come from CORE. The data symbols are coded and ciphered. Afterwards base band hopping takes place via the CC link. ESIPRO sends the ciphered data to another ECU and receives data to be transmitted. The received data are modulated as GMSK or 8 PSK signals and given as a base band signal to ETXA. Both in uplink and downlink direction PLLs have to be programmed once each burst to implement synthesizer hopping.
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Fig. 3.9
Data Flow in ESIPRO EPSU (Power Supply Unit) The EPSU is the DC/DC converter for the ECU for all applications. The EPSU generates the voltages +26V/+28V, +12V, +5,3V and -5,3V for the analog circuitry and +3.3V for the digital circuitry from a -48V primary input voltage. The only interface relevant change was the change of the analog bias voltage for the EPWRSTD to +12V. The EPSU is mechanically incorporated in the ECU. The EPSU is a slightly modified version of the PSU of the GSM CU. In this document, not all Interface names are changed to EPSU. Therefore, PSU can be seen as a synchronym for EPSU in this document. Main differences between ECU and CU The following major changes to the CU HW were made to support the EDGE functionality: 1. New Power Amplier with better linearity and approximately 3 dB higher peak power capability 2. New power levelling concept including a digital power control loop 3. New TX-VGA and PWRDET due to new power control 4. Adaptive predistortion to linearize the transmitter 5. New module Predistortion receiver (PDRX) 6. New IQDEM (IF-sampling ADC) with higher dynamic 7. RXA adaption to new IQDEM 8. New Power Supply Unit (EPSU) with higher power capability
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3.4
Duplexer Amplier Multi Coupler (DUAMCO)

The DUAMCO consists of two identical modules. Every module contains a duplex filter, which combines the RX and the TX path together, to be fed to a common antenna. The DUAMCO combines 1 (see Fig. 4.2), up to 2 (see Fig. 4.3) or up to 4 (see Fig. 4.4) carriers to one antenna and consists of two branches with the following elements: a LNA (Low Noise Amplier) which takes care of a low system noise gure an attenuator (in case of installed TMAs, additional gains greater than the cable losses must be adjusted by means of the attenuator) a second low noise amplier a power splitter which distributes the received band to the CUs (Carrier Units) a transmit path which consists of: an isolator which protects the PAs (Power Ampliers) inside the CUs from each other in order to assure the required intermodulation suppression a hybrid coupler which provides the reference signal for dynamic and static power control. The corresponding not transmitted power is terminated in a load including a heat sink (for DUAMCO 4:2 and DUAMCO 8:2) an ASU (Antenna Supervision Unit) which is responsible for detecting certain reection factors at the antenna connector. The ASU detects the VSWR failure and generates a failure information towards the O&M (CAN bus interface). This information is subdivided in several levels with the following characteristics: - VSWR < 2 neither generation of warning nor of an alarm - 2 VSWR 3 generation of warning 'Antenna not Adjusted' - VSWR > 3 generation of VSWR alarm 'Antenna Faulty'. and a common part consisting of: a PDU (Power Distribution Unit) for two TMAs (Tower mounted Amplier) connected to the TMAs by means of an antenna feeder cable an O&M interface which transmits error messages to the BTS core via a slow O&M bus (CAN bus) The DUAMCO amplifier has two different operation modes: the AMCO mode where no TMA is used in case a TMA is used the DUAMCO is congured in the MUCO mode The PDU provides the DC power supply and the alarm supervision of the TMAs. Alarm monitoring is done with a signalling interface between DUAMCO and TMA, modulated onto a IF carrier at 7.86 MHz.
3.5
DI(=2) Amplier Multi Coupler (DIAMCO)

For the uplink direction, the DIAMCO is used to filter and distribute the received signals to the Carrier Units in one Rack. The DIAMCO consists of two branches constituted by: a receive lter a low noise amplier (LNA) which takes care of a low system noise gure an attenuator a second low noise amplier a power splitter which distributes the received band to the CUs (Carrier Units) and a common part constituted by: a PDU (Power Distribution Unit) for two TMAs (Tower mounted Amplier) connected to the TMAs by means of an antenna feeder cable an O&M interface which transmits error messages to the BTS core via a slow O&M bus (CAN bus)
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The DIAMCO RX amplifier has two different operation modes: the AMCO mode where no TMA is used in case a TMA is used the DIAMCO is congured in the MUCO mode
3.6
Filter Combiner (FICOM)

With the FICOM, it is possible to combine up to 8 frequencies in downlink direction (TX) in one Rack. For the uplink direction (RX), the DIAMCO has to be used to filter and distribute the received signals to the Carrier Units. The FICOM consists of remote tunable narrowband filters (TNF). The advantage of this filter combining technique is the very low insertion loss, if e.g., 8 transmitters are combined to one antenna. In principle, the FICOM offers the following functions: RF Functions: RF Power Combining Transmitter Spurious Signal Suppression Isolation between inputs Isolation output to input Control / Monitoring Functions: Antenna VSWR alarm thresholds setting and status reporting Internal Performance Monitoring Interfacing with BTSE LED Display: Antenna VSWR alarms Tuning alarms Presence of DC Lightning Protection at the RF output connector (7/16)
3.7
Tower Mounted Amplier (TMA)

The TMA connects the antenna with the BTSE in order to amplify the receive signal and pass through the transmit signal. The TMA contains two duplex filters, each on one RF connector, to separate and combine the receive and transmit path inside the TMA. The TMA consists of: the RX parts of the duplex lter and the LNA (Low Noise Amplier) which takes care of a low system noise gure of the RX part the TX parts of the duplex lter The DC power for the TMA is feed into the triplexer by the PDU (Power Distribution Unit) functionality of the DUAMCO/DIAMCO. The Encoder/Decoder units of the TMA signalling interface generate an alarm for each TMA separately by supervising the DC current consumption of each unit. Note: When the TMA is used the DUAMCO/DIAMCO works in the so called MUCO (multi coupler) mode. In the MUCO mode, the DUAMCO/DIAMCO mainly works as multi coupler to split the receive signal for the following CUs.
3.8
High Power Duplexer Unit (HPDU)

The High Power Duplexer has the task of combining the TX- and the RX-path into one antenna, in order to minimize the number of antennas when FICOM is used. The HPDU
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contains a duplex filter for the transmit frequency band and for the receive frequency band, but no Low Noise Amplifier in the RX path. If the TMA shall be used together with a HPDU a so called BIAS-T (DUBIAS) for powering and signalling of the TMA is required. Up to two HPDU can be integrated on top of the Rack below the cover and also up to two HPDU could be fit in the gap between the inner side wall and the Frame in the Shelter. Note: HPDU is available for working in the P-GSM 900, GSM 1800 and GSM-PS 900.
3.9
DC Panel (DCP)
The DC Panel contains the circuit breakers to protect the DC power lines for the modules, the ACTP, FAN units, HEX, LE units and the ACTC where the Rack/Shelter alarms will be connected. The temperature sensor is integrated in the ACTC. The front panel of the DC Panel for the Base Rack or shelter carries the connector for the Local Maintenance Terminal (LMT).
3.10
Alarm Collection Terminal (ACT)

The Alarm Collection Terminal contains the interface to the external alarms (Operator alarms, Rack alarms, shelter alarms,...) and commands and a CAN-BUS interface to the CORE. ACTC is part of the DC-Panel and therefore it is installed once in every Rack/Shelter to collect all internal alarms. It has inputs for 16 internal alarms (1 Door, 6 Fans and 9 Rack/Shelter, internal alarms, which can be defined by the operator). In the Base Rack/Shelter the ACTC is direct connected to the COBA. In all other Racks/Shelters, the ACTC is connected to the ACTP. The ACTM and ACTP contain their own DC/DC converter on board, a controller, interfaces towards the CAN-Bus and an alarm interface for 16 Rack/Shelter alarms or site inputs. ACTM has an additional interface for Operator Alarms (48 site inputs). ACTM and ACTP have a DIP Switch device to set the Rack address. The tasks of the ACT are: Collection of all alarms for units having no access to O&M BUS to CORE. Collection of so-called cabinet specic alarms (Rack, Shelter). Collection of so-called operator available alarms (Site Inputs). Distribution of operator available commands (Site Outputs). 8 bit C (80C505C) for initialization, supervision and controlling the functions of the ACT. PID-EEPROM to store board data. The physical function of the ACT is to interface the alarm and command signals between the CAN-BUS and the alarm and command connectors. The ACT is designed to be used only one time for the Rack. So the ACT is an element without redundancy, but the BTSE is not out of service in case of a faulty ACT. Different ACT, are available depending on the applications in the Base Rack/Shelter (ACTM) or in the Service and Extension Rack/Shelter (ACTP) as shown in Fig. 3.10.
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7 Alarms
Temp.Sens
1 Door
6 Fan
7 Alarms
7 Alarms
1 Door CAN-Bus Node Controller + Interface 6 Fan
7 Alarms
Temp.Sens
CAN-Bus Node Master Controller + Interface
CAN-Bus Node Controller + Interface
Temp.Sens
Temp.Sens
ACOM
CORE
Alarms
ACOM
PID
PID DCDC
ACOM
PID
PID
ACTP
ACTM CAN-Bus
ACTP
ACTP
ACDC
ACDC Controller Battery
Rack1 (Extension)
Fig. 3.10
Rack 0 (Base)
Rack 2 (Extension)
Rack3 (Service1)
Alarm Collection Terminal (ACTM and ACTP)
3.11
AC/DC Converter (AC/DC)

The AC/DC system consists of one or two Frames housed in the Service Rack/Shelter. Each Frame provides for AC distribution, DC distribution, EMI-filter, signal distribution between rectifiers and controller board via backplane. Each AC/DC Frame contains: up to 6 rectier modules (adapted to the actual need for specic loads) each 720W -48VDC (N+1 redundancy to achieve 3600W+720W) one controller board (DCBCTRL) for battery supervision, rectier supervision, alarm interface (see section 3.11.1) two LVD relays for Frame.
Due to the maximum ambient temperature of +55 C (+131 F), the DC output power of one AC/DC module is limited to 720W. By decreasing the maximum ambient temperature to +50 C (+122 F), the maximum output power of one AC/DC module is increased to 800W without any change in the module or in the Frame AC/DC.
The Service Rack/Shelter with two AC/DC Frames is intended to be used to supply BS240/241 with more than 8 carriers. The AC/DC tasks are: output supplying all -48V-consumers within the BS-240/241; input supplying of 230V AC 1 phase system for the world market and 208V AC 2 phase system (208V phase to phase) for the US market. supplying external equipment with -48V charging and supervising of different battery backup types with different capacities and up to two battery backup systems per Service Rack/Shelter supervising rectiers, batteries and alarm messaging
ACDC Controller
DCDC
DCDC
DCDC
Battery
ACDC
Temp. Superv.
48 Site Inputs 8 Site Outputs
Temp. Superv.
Temp. Superv.
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switching off DC outputs (rectiers as well as battery) in case of under and over temperature hot plug in/out operation of two Frames in parallel
The AC/DC and the backup batteries work as an Uninterruptable Power Supply System (UPS).
3.11.1
DC and Battery Controller (DCBCTRL)

The DC and Battery Controller is the supervision unit for the AC/DC Converters installed in the Frame AC/DC and for the Batteries charging of this set of AC/DCs. The DCBCTRL has a dip switch device to adjust the frame address AC/DC frame 1 or AC/DC frame 2 and the battery capacities of the connected battery system.
3.12
Overvoltage Protection and Tracer (OVPT)

The OVPT is responsible for coarse protection of the PCM24/PCM30 ports of the Abis interface and the external synchronization clock input of the BS-240/241 against over voltage. Additionally, the OVPT provides interfaces to connect PCM tracers without interruption for monitoring the Abis lines. The OVPT is located outside the EMI shield in order to terminate possible overvoltages before it enters the EMI protected area inside the Rack. The board performs the following tasks: lightning protection of PCM lines lightning protection of the ext. synchronisation clock provision to connect ext. monitoring equipment without interruption. The lines are de-coupled by resistors in order to prevent distortions. supporting 75 coax and 100 /120 symmetrical lines for 75 coax only a second version of the OVPT is available provides grounding facility for the external cable shielding provides stress relieve for the external cables
3.13
Abis Link Equipment (LE)

The link equipment acts as front end to provide the Abis interface. Different equipment can be used for wire or radio transmission depending on customer requirements. If a link equipment is available at the telecommunication site, possibly no link equipment is necessary. If BS-240/241 is installed away from a telecommunication site the link equipment must be installed inside the Service Rack/Shelter. If radio transmission is required, microwave equipment must be used. Also direct connections of PCM24/30 links are possible. The number of Link Equipment, which can be installed, depends on the height of the Link Equipment.
3.14
Cover Parts
All unequipped slots in the Frames of a Rack/Shelter must be equipped with Cover Parts, to reach a balanced airflow. If all slots of a Frame are not equipped with modules it is not necessary to cover all the empty slots.
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3.15
Backup Battery (BATTERY)

Up to four battery systems can be equipped in the Service Racks/Shelters. One frame AC/DC can be connected to two battery systems with two independent connecting leads. One battery system can consist of up to three battery groups (one group can consist of up to four batteries) which are always in the same Rack/Shelter due to temperature control issues.
Battery System 0
Battery 0 Battery 1 Battery 2
Base Frame for AC/DC Converter
D C B C T R L
AC AC AC AC AC AC - - - - - DC DC DC DC DC DC
M o d u l e M o d u l e M o d u l e M o d u l e M o d u l e M o d u l e
e (m C lin
ax. 5
0 A)
Battery System 1
DC li
ne (m
Battery 0
Battery 1
Battery 2
ax. 5
0 A)
Battery System 2
Battery 0 Battery 1 Battery 2
Base Frame for AC/DC Converter
D C B C T R L
AC AC AC AC AC AC - - - - - DC DC DC DC DC DC
M o d u l e M o d u l e M o d u l e M o d u l e M o d u l e M o d u l e
ne ( DC li
max.
50 A
Battery System 3
DC li
ne (m
Battery 0
Battery 1
Battery 2
ax. 5
0 A)
Fig. 3.11
Example of Battery Backup Systems Connected to the AC/DC The maximum DC-Output-Power of one Frame AC/DC is limited to 3600W. The maximum current out of one battery system is limited to 50A (respectively 2400W at 48V). All battery systems connected to one or two frames AC/DC should have the same battery capacity. See section Power Supply and Battery Backup for more details.
3.16
Fan
The fan unit is responsible for creating a sufficient airflow in order to cool the inner electronics using all the effects of forced convection cooling. The cooling concept is based upon a cascaded principle of six Fan Units: two fans are responsible for each Frame.
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The fans used are able to overcome the pressure drop caused by the system resistance taking into account additional losses caused by adequate filters or Heat Exchangers used in order to establish an airflow that limits the T (Temperature difference between critical hotspots inside the Rack and the ambient temperature) caused by the specific power dissipation of that hotspot. In order to keep both the acoustic noise and the power consumption of all fans at the lowest level possible, the fan speeds are (independently of each other) temperature controlled via integrated sensors (NTC) that monitor the critical hotspots in order to keep them in an acceptable range. Furthermore, each fan delivers a fan good/fan bad signal that is processed by the COBA board (routed via ACTC board in case of a Base Rack/Shelter or the ACTC board and CAN Bus in case of an Extension-/Service Rack/Shelter).
3.17Heat Exchanger (HEX)

The BS-241 shelters can be equipped either with HEX. The heat exchangers can only be equipped on the internal side of the door of the BS-241 shelter. The task of a heat exchanger is to transport the heat from inside the shelter to the outside. For every Frame in a base or extension shelter one heat exchanger is needed, therefore, 3 heatexchangers are always installed in a base or extension shelter for: ACOM Frame Carrier Frame Core Frame In the service shelter we have three sections, which can be differently equipped with AC/DC modules, link equipment or backup batteries and then 1 to 3 heat exchangers are needed, according to the installation of equipment.
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4 Antenna Combiners and Receiving Paths

4.1 Methods of Combining
In order to serve cells with different carrier numbers, certain combinations of combining modules are required. These configurations provide the necessary performance in a cost effective way. For the UL (Up Link) path, antenna diversity is always considered. The required splitting factor only depends on the maximum carrier number per cell without yielding a reson-able technical penality. With respect to the DL (Down Link), a trade off exists between the number of antennas and the insertion loss for a given carrier number. Increasing the antenna number decreases the DL insertion loss introduced by hybrid combining of carriers to one antenna port. For high carrier numbers per cell (5) filter combining becomes advantageous with respect to insertion loss but suffering from higher cost and incompatibility to synthesizer frequency hopping. Nevertheless, for urban sites where the cell sites are usually small a configuration with a DUAMCO 8:2 supports synthesizer frequency hopping and there is no need for additional antennas. Fig. 4.1 the different combining options are shown. The relationship between labels and components is shown in Fig. 2.2.
Duplex Combining
Tower Mounted Amplifier

8:2 8x TMA
2:2 2x
4:2 4x
Filter Combining
High Power Duplexer and BIAS-T

DUBIAS
2:1
2:1 8x TX
2x8 HPDU 8x RX
Fig. 4.1
Overview of Combining Options
DUAMCO (Duplexer Amplifier Multi Coupler) The DUAMCO x:y modules contain duplex filters in order to combine the transmit and receive path to one antenna connector. The receive and transmit part of the duplex filter, respectively, provide the substantial part of the receive and transmit band filtering required by GSM 05.05, 11.21 and JTC J-STD-007.
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The receive path consists of a LNA (Low Noise Amplifier) and a power splitter. The LNA takes care of a low system noise figure and consists of two branches. In case of malfunction of one amplifier, the RX gain of the DUAMCO decreases by about 6 dB. The power splitter distributes the received band to the CUs (Carrier Units). A splitting factor of 4 (or 8 in case of DUAMCO 8:2) is implemented in order to feed 4 (8) CUs. The DUAMCO amplifier has two different operation modes which can be selected by e.g. DIP switches. In the following, Mode 1 is called AMCO mode and the second mode is called MUCO mode. In the AMCO mode where no TMA (Tower mounted Amplifier) is used, the DUAMCO gain is around 19 dB. In case a TMA is used, the DUAMCO is configured in the MUCO mode. In the MUCO mode, the gain is reduced to about 0 dB. The exact gain of the DUAMCO to compensate the cable losses can be adjusted for this mode with a e.g., DIP switch. This adjustment is only done once during the installation of the BTSE by the service personal. The selected mode can be read by O&M SW via CAN bus interface. The transmit path consists of isolators, a hybrid coupler with load (for some modules) and an ASU (Antenna Supervision Unit). The isolators have to protect the PAs (Power Amplifiers) inside the CUs from each other in order to assure the required intermodulation suppression. Two different hybrid couplers (2:1, 4:1) combine up to 4 carriers to one antenna. The corresponding not transmitted power is terminated in a load including cooler. The ASU is responsible for detecting certain reflection factors at the antenna connector and is connected to the O&M interface. The O&M interface of the DUAMCO transmits error messages to the BTS core via a slow O&M bus (CAN bus). The DUAMCOs x:y are named depending on the number x of transmit connectors fed by the CUs and the number y of antenna connectors. The following figures show the different DUAMCOs implemented by a set of equal sub-modules. The DUAMCOs are implemented for six different frequency bands: GSM 850 (DUAMCO 2:2 and DUAMCO 4:2), P-GSM 900, GSM-RE 900 (RE: Railway Extension ; DUAMCO 2:2 and DUAMCO 4:2), GSM-PS 900 (DUAMCO 4:2 for P-GSM shifted to E-GSM), GSM 1800 and GSM 1900 (DUAMCO 2:2 and DUAMCO 4:2). The division of the GSM 900 band (39 MHz) in two interleaved sub-bands (25 MHz each, P-GSM and GSM-RE) results from the required filter volume for the whole band.
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Antenna 0
Antenna 1
Bias TEE Rx Tx
Module 0 Module 1
ASU Rx
Bias TEE Tx
ASU
MUCO
LNA
TMA Signall. TMA DC/DC Control
MUCO
LNA
AMCO
AMCO
LNA
LNA
CAN bus DC interf. RXCA Fig. 4.2 to Rx from Tx RXCA to Rx from Tx
DUAMCO 2:2
Antenna 0
Antenna 1
BIAS TEE Rx
MUCO
Module 0
ASU Tx
Module 1
BIAS TEE ASU Rx Tx
LNA TMA Signall. Coupler LNA TMA DC/DC Control
MUCO
LNA
AMCO
AMCO
Coupler LNA
CAN bus DC interf. RXCA to Rx Fig. 4.3 DUAMCO 4:2 from Tx RXCA to/from core to Rx from Tx
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Antenna 0
Antenna 1
BIAS TEE Rx
MUCO
Module 0
ASU Tx
Module 1
BIAS TEE Rx Tx
ASU
LNA TMA Signall. Coupler LNA TMA DC/DC Control
MUCO
LNA
AMCO
AMCO
Coupler
LNA
CAN bus DC interf. RXCA to Rx Fig. 4.4 DUAMCO 8:2 RF Power Combining / Tuning Modes The low loss power addition is carried out by combining the outputs of TNFs inside the FICOM. These TNFs are remotely tuned to the channel frequency of the corresponding carrier. The minimum number of inputs to be combined is 2. It is possible to combine a maximum number of 8 inputs by adding 'expansion modules' to the 'base module'. A TNF is first coarse tuned to the desired channel. If RF power is supplied to the TNF it automatically performs a fine tuning to ensure the best RF behavior. With this automatic tuning process, the drift of the passband filter center frequency is compensated. Therefore, the filter combiner can only be used with baseband frequency hopping, as retuning of the TNF frequency requires up to 5 seconds. But for a large number of carriers (6 or 8), baseband frequency hopping has only a negligible disadvantage compared to synthesizer frequency hopping. FICOM Modularity The FICOM functions are carried out by two different types of modules. These are: Base module 2:1 Expansion module 2:1 Each type of module is able to combine 2 carriers. But only the base module has an output for the completely combined signal (antenna output with 7/16 connector). Additional there is a test output at every base module. Also, the reporting of the antenna VSWR status is only done by a base module. The different modules are connected together by a special RF connection cable. from Tx RXCA to/from core to Rx from Tx
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Therefore, the number of base modules is equal to the number of cells the FICOM has to support. The number of expansion modules per cell depends on the total number of carriers per cell (2,4,6 or 8). A FICOM Expansion module 1:1 doesn't exist any more. In case an odd number of carriers is recommended in one cell, only one half of the expansion module 2:1 is used. For this application, one TX port remains open. The FICOMs are implemented for two different frequency bands: GSM-R 900 and GSM 1800. Antenna
VS WR supervision
TNF
TNF ESN Control CAN bus DC interf.
TNF
TNF
TNF
from Tx
from Tx
from Tx Exp 2:1
from Tx
from Tx Exp 2:1
from Tx
from Tx Exp 2:1
from Tx
Base 2:1 Fig. 4.5 FICOM 8:1
DIAMCO (DI(=2) Amplifier Multi Coupler) The DIAMCO contains two sub-modules with receive filters, low noise amplifiers and power splitters. For the uplink direction, the DIAMCO has to be used to filter and distribute the received signals to the Carrier Units. With the FICOM, it is possible to combine 8 frequencies in downlink direction (TX) in one Rack.The receive filters provide the substantial part of the receive band filtering required by GSM 05.05, 11.21 and JTC J-STD-007. The LNA takes care of a low system noise figure and consists of two branches. In case of malfunction of one amplifier the RX gain of the DIAMCO decreases by about 6 dB. The power splitter distributes the received band to the CUs (Carrier Units). A splitting factor of 8 is implemented in order to feed 8 CUs. Additionally, the DIAMCO has a cascade output which is used for Rack Extension. In addition, the functionality of a PDU (Power Distribution Unit) for two TMAs is integrated in the DIAMCO. This is the DC power supply and the alarm supervision of the TMAs. Alarm monitoring is done with a signalling interface between DIAMCO and TMA,
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modulated onto a IF carrier at 7.86 MHz: This interface is identical to the interface between DUAMCO and TMA. The DIAMCO RX amplifier has two different operation modes, depending on the existence of TMAs. The first mode is called AMCO mode, the second one is called MUCO mode. In the AMCO mode where no TMA is used, the DIAMCO gain is around 19 dB. In case a TMA is used, the DIAMCO is configured in the MUCO mode. In the MUCO mode, the gain is reduced to about 0 dB. The exact gain of the DIAMCO to compensate the cable losses can be adjusted for the MUCO mode with a DIP switch. This adjustment is only done once during the installation of the BTSE by the service personnel. The selected mode can be read by O&M SW via CAN bus interface. Due to the fact that TMA status information is available for the DIAMCO processor, the DIAMCO itself has to switch the RX mode according to the TMA status. Each TMA can be switched on or off by a separate switch. This cannot be configured via O&M SW! For Rack Extension the first DIAMCO works in the AMCO mode and the following DIAMCO sub-modules in the MUCO mode. The O&M interface of the DIAMCO transmits error messages to the BTS core only via the CAN bus. The DIAMCOs are implemented for two different frequency bands: E-GSM 900 and GSM 1800. Antenna 0 Antenna 1
BIAS TEE Rx
Module 0 Module 1
BIAS TEE Rx
MUCO
LNA TMA Signall. TMA DC/DC LNA Control CAN bus DC interf.
MUCO
LNA
AMCO
AMCO
LNA
RXCA to Rx to/from core Fig. 4.6 DIAMCO
RXCA to Rx
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High Power Duplexer (HPDU2) The High Power Duplexer has the task of combining the TX and the RX paths into one antenna, in order to minimize the number of antennas when FICOM is used. The HPDU contains a duplex filter for the transmit frequency band and for the receive frequency band, but no Low Noise Amplifier in the RX path. If the TMA is used together with a HPDU, the BIAS-T (DUBIAS) for powering and signalling of the TMA is required. Up to two HPDU can be integrated on top of the Rack below the cover and also up to two HPDU can be fit in the gap between the inner side wall and the Frame in the shelter. For the main RX path, one HPDU per cell is installed. For diversity operation, a second receive path has to be installed. In one Base or Extension Rack/Shelter, one or two HPDUs can be installed and a maximum of 8 carriers can be connected to one HPDU. Fig. 4.7 shows the standard configuration for one cell using HPDU, FICOM and DIAMCO for up to 8 carriers in one Rack. The HPDUs are implemented for three different frequency bands: P-GSM 900, GSM 1800 and GSM-PS 900 (P-GSM shifted to E-GSM).
TX-Filter HPDU TX-Filter FICOM
RX-Filter
RX-Filter
RX-Filter
DIAMCO
0 1 2 TX Fig. 4.7 HPDU
012 RX
0 12 RX
BIAS-T (DUBIAS) If the TMA is to be used together with a HPDU, a BIAS-T (DUBIAS) for powering and signalling of the TMA is required. The DUBIASs are implemented for two different frequency bands: R-GSM 900 and GSM 1800 .
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TX/RX Antenna TMA
RX Antenna TMA
DUBIAS
HPDU
FICOM
DIAMCO
CU0 CU1 Fig. 4.8 Diplexer
CU7
RX0 RX1
RX7
Configuration with HPDU, DUBIAS and TMA
The Diplexer gives the possibility to use one Antenna Feeder Cable for both GSM 850, GSM 900 and GSM 1800, GSM 1900 frequencies. One Diplexer is needed to combine the 2 different frequencies at the BTSs side and the other one to separate the frequencies near the antennas. The diplexer offers the possibility to reduce the number of Antenna Feeder Cables in all cases where GSM 900 and GSM 1800, GSM 1900 or GSM 850 and GSM 1900 Feeder Cables have to be installed in parallel. This is e.g., the case where an existing GSM 900 network will be extended by a GSM 1800 or GSM 1900 network to implement a Dual Band Network.
4.1.1
Typical Combiner Losses (TX path) and Output Power Level

Type FICOM 2:1 FICOM 4:1 FICOM 6:1 FICOM 8:1 DUAMCO 2:2 DUAMCO 4:2 DUAMCO 8:2 HPDU TMA * GSM 850, GSM 900 (dB) 2.7 3.2 3.7 4.2 2.5 5.7 8.9 0.6 0.4 GSM 1800, GSM 1900 (dB) 3.7 4.2 4.6 5.8 2.5 5.7 8.9 0.75 0.6
* RX Amplification of TMA is 25.5 dB (25.0 dB for GSM 1800) Tab. 4.1 Insertion loss of DUAMCOs, FICOMs, HPDU and TMA
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DUAMCOs operating with the minimum guaranteed input power from CU: GSM 850, GSM 900: n x 50 W; GSM 1800, GSM 1900: n x 35 W The typical value for the insertion loss of FICOMs is better than 3 dB with an uncritical carrier configuration (carrier spacing > 1 MHz).
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4.1.2
Parameters of Tower Mounted Amplifier (TMA)

900 MHz Tower Mounted Amplier
Electrical Uplink
System RF-band Return Loss (ANT / BTS port) Return Loss bypass mode Nominal gain
Specified 890- 915 MHz > 14 dB > 7,7 dB 25.5 +2/- 2.5 dB at 25C (77F) 25.5 +3/- 3.5 dB -33C to +65C (-27F to +149F) < +/- 0.5 dB at 25C (77F) < +/- 0.8 dB -33C to +65C (-27F to +149F)
Typical
> 15 dB > 10dB 25.5 +/- 1 dB at 25C (77F)
Gain ripple
Passband ripple, max Insertion loss bypass mode, max. Noise figure, max. Max. input power CW 1 dB compression point (CP1) 3rd order Intercept Point (IP3) on input Current consumption < = 5 dB 3.6 dB 8 x 15 Watt input TMA > = 16.5 dBm (output) + 1 dBm < = 500 mA
< = 0.5 dB max. 3.4 dB 2.8 dB
>= 6 dBm < = 400 mA
Downlink
RF- band Insertion loss Downlink Return Loss (ANT / BTS port)
935 960 MHz < = 0.8 dB > = 18 dB < = 0.4 dB >= 18.5 dBm >= 18.5 dBm -120 dBm
Return Loss (ANT / BTS port) bypass mode > = 18 dB Passive Intermodulation products, max. @ ANT port Passive Intermodulation products, max. @ BTS port Tab. 4.2 IMD3 and higher < = -108 dBm
IMD3 and higher -100 dBm <= -108 dBm + Gain (Ant- BTS)
Parameters of 900 MHz Tower Mounted Amplier
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1800 MHz Tower Mounted Amplier Electrical Uplink System RF-band Return Loss (ANT / BTS port) Return Loss bypass mode Nominal gain Specified 1710 - 1785 MHz > 14 dB > 7,7 dB > 16 dB > 10dB Typical
25.0 +2/- 2.5 dB at 25C (77F) 25.9 +/- 1 dB at 25 C 25.0 +3/- 3 dB -33C to +65C (77F) (-27F to +149F) 25.9 +/- 2 dB -33C to +65C (-27F to +149F) < +/- 0.5 dB at 25C (77F) < +/- 0.8 dB -33C to +65C (-27F to +149F) < = 0.5 dB < = 5.2 dB 3.6 dB 8 x 15 Watt input TMA > = 16.5 dBm (output) + 1 dBm < = 500 mA >= 4 dBm < = 400 mA max. 3.8 dB 2.5 dB
Gain ripple
Passband ripple, max Insertion loss bypass mode, max. Noise figure, max. Max. input power CW 1 dB compression point (CP1) 3rd order Intercept Point (IP3) on input Current consumption
Downlink
RF- band Insertion loss Downlink Return Loss (ANT / BTS port) Return Loss (ANT / BTS port) bypass mode Passive Intermodulation products, max. @ ANT port Passive Intermodulation products, max. @ BTS port
1805 1880 MHz < = 0.8 dB > = 18 dB > = 18 dB IMD3 and higher < = -109 dBm IMD3 and higher <= -109 dBm + Gain (AntBTS) < = 0.6 dB >= 18.5 dBm >= 18.5 dBm -116 dBm -90 dBm
Tab. 4.3
Parameters of 1800 MHz Tower Mounted Amplier
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Mechanical
Size, W x H x D Weight Antenna connector BTS connector
172x280x191 mm (8"x11"x7.5") 4.25 kg (9 Lbs) 7/ 16 7/ 16 +12V +/- 8% alarming via sub-carrier to DUAMCO or DIAMCO
General
Supply Voltage Range Alarm functions
CIN is part of the combining units DUAMCO or DIAMCO and values are incorporated in the units specs. Tab. 4.4 Parameters of 900/1800 MHz Tower Mounted Amplier The TMAs are implemented for four different frequency bands: P-GSM 900, GSM-RE 900 (RE: Railway Extension; DUAMCO 2:2 and DUAMCO 4:2), GSM 1800 and GSM 1900 (DUAMCO 2:2 and DUAMCO 4:2). The division of the GSM 900 band (39 MHz) in two interleaved sub-bands (25 MHz each, P-GSM and GSM-RE) results from the required filter volume for the whole band.
4.1.3
Examples of possible BTSE configurations

Most frequently used configurations: 3/3/2 with duplex combining 8/0/0 with lter and duplex combining 2/2/2 with duplex combining only duplex or only lter combining is exclusively used within a cell
CELL 0
CELL 1
CELL 2
DUAMCO 4:2 RX TX RX TX
DUAMCO 4:2 RX TX RX TX RX TX
DUAMCO 4:2 RX TX
CU0 CU1 CU2
CU3 CU4 CU5
CU6 CU7
Fig. 4.9
Multi-cell (3,3,2): with 3 DUAMCO 4:2
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CELL 0
CELL 1
CELL 2
DUAMCO 2:2 RX TX
CU0 CU1 CU2
CU3 CU4 CU5
CU6 CU7
Fig. 4.10
Multi-cell (3,3,2): with 2 DUAMCO 4:2 and 1 DUAMCO 2:2
FICOM Base Module TX
FICOM FICOM FICOM Expansion Expansion Expansion Module Module Module
DIAMCO RX
DIAMCO RX
CU0 CU1 CU2 CU3 CU4 CU5 CU6 CU7
Fig. 4.11
Single-cell (8,0,0): with FICOM and DIAMCO
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CELL 0
DUAMCO 4:2 RX TX
CU0 CU1
CU2 CU3
CU4 CU5
CU6 CU7
Fig. 4.12
Single-cell (8,0,0): with 2 DUAMCO 4:2
CELL 0
CELL 1
CELL 2
DUAMCO 2:2 RX TX
CU0 CU1
CU2 CU3
CU4 CU5
Fig. 4.13
Multi-cell (2,2,2): with 3 DUAMCO 2:2
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HPDU TX - Filter FICOM Base Module TX RX - Filter
FICOM FICOM FICOM Expansion Expansion Expansion Module Module Module RX
DIAMCO RX
CU0 CU1 CU2 CU3 CU4 CU5 CU6 CU7
RACK 0
DIAMCO HPDU TX- Filter FICOM Base Module TX RX - Filter
FICOM FICOM FICOM Expansion Expansion Expansion Module Module Module
DIAMCO RX
DIAMCO RX
CU8 CU9 CU10CU11 CU12 CU13CU14 CU15
RACK 1
Fig. 4.14 Single-cell (11...16,0,0): FICOMs, DIAMCOs and HPDUs in 2 Racks
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4.2
4.2.1
Receiving Paths
Antenna diversity techniques
Basically, there are two different diversity combining techniques: Switched Combining Maximum Ratio Combining Switched Combining Switched Combining simply selects one of the two receiver paths according to a given quality criterion, such as maximum receiver gain. Thus, in the case of correlated signals from receiver paths (and comparable gain), Switched Combining cannot improve receiver performance. A decision is usually made for one full Um burst. Maximum Ratio Combining Maximum Ratio Combining provides bitwise combining of all available information from both receiver paths.
4.2.1.1
Antenna System Modules

Different TX, RX and TX/RX antennas are provided which are connected to the combining modules in order to serve cells with different carrier numbers. These combining modules have to provide the necessary performance by using the following methods: Antenna Combining to feed several transmitter outputs to the TX antenna Multicoupling for splitting the RX signal for several receiver inputs Duplexing both Antenna Combining and Multicoupling methods are used in order to connect the TX- and the RX-path to one antenna The technology of the new BTSEs knows TX Combiner (FICOM), TX and RX Combiner (DUAMCO), High Power Duplexer (HPDU) and RX Multicoupler (DIAMCO). DUAMCO and DIAMCO use a Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) in the RX path, which can be set to different gain to establish the various configurations of the BS-240/241. Additionally, the DUAMCO and DIAMCO have power supply and supervision functionality for a Tower Mounted Amplifier. Antenna diversity is a second receive path to improve the receive quality and the grade of service. It is important that the diversity path is configured in the same way as the normal path, that means either, with or without TMA. Inside the Rack, it's possible that one RX path is realized with a DUAMCO and the other with a DIAMCO or cascaded DIAMCOs. A solution of antenna combining and multicoupling is the configuration with two TX-/RX-antennas and two duplex combining modules. Both antennas belong to the same cell. One antenna is used for transmission and reception, the other for transmission and diversity reception. Therefore exist two transmit paths, one normal receive path and one diversity receive path. The combining of the two transmit paths happens 'on air'. Supervision of the two antennas will be done separately for each one.
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The principle of On Air Combining will also be used, if TX combining beyond the Rack borders is required. For e.g. to combine 24 carriers, belonging to the same cell, 3 FICOMs will be used, each combines 8 carriers to one antenna. Combining of the signals from the 3 antennas takes place 'On Air'.
4.2.2
Receiver Sensitivity
Obtaining sensitivity better than the GSM requirements at the Rack entry is by using DUAMCOs or DIAMCOs, and obtaining sensitivity better than the GSM requirements at the antenna connector accomplished by using Tower Mounted Amplifiers (TMAs). The configuration with TMA is advantageous because of highest sensitivity of the RX path. One TMA is needed for every created RX path of DUAMCO and / or DIAMCO installed and not cascaded. Expansion of the RX path beyond the borders of the Rack or Shelter is possible by cascading of the multicoupling devices (DIAMCO or RX path of a DUAMCO). With increasing RF cable length, the noise figure rises and thus the RX sensitivity will be degraded. The degradation is a little bit less than the additional cable loss. In the configuration with antenna pre-amplifier, the true system RX sensitivity is guaranteed at the antenna connector, including the antenna feeder cable attenuation. In the configuration without antenna pre-amplifier, the sensitivity is guaranteed only at the Rack entry.
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5 Power Supply and Battery Backup

The AC/DC is used in the Service Rack/Shelter. It contains one or two Frames with AC/DC rectifier modules, one controller board and two LVD relays per Frame. Up to 6 rectifier Modules can be inserted in one Frame; thus, the number of modules can be adapted to the actual need for specific loads. The Service Rack/Shelter with two AC/DC Frames is intended to be used to supply BTSEs with more than 8 carriers. The AC/DC tasks are: supplying all -48V consumers within the BTSE out of 230V AC 3 phase system for the world market and 207V AC 2 phase system (240V phase to phase) for the US market supplying external equipment with -48V charging and supervising of different battery types with different capacities and to two battery backup systems per AC/DC Frame supervising rectiers, batteries and alarm messaging switching off DC outputs (rectiers as well as battery) in case of under and over temperature hot plug in/out operation of two Frames in parallel The AC/DC and the backup batteries work as an Uninterruptable Power Supply System (UPS). The AC/DC system consists of: Frame with AC distribution, DC Distribution, EMI-lter, signal distribution between rectiers and controller board via backplane controller board with battery supervision, rectier supervision, alarm interface, EEPROM to store PID up to 6 rectier modules per Frame each 720W -48VDC (N+1 redundancy to achieve 3600W+720W).
Due to the maximum ambient temperature of +55 C (+131 F) the DC output power of one AC/DC module is limited to 720W. By decreasing the maximum ambient temperature to +50 C (+122 F) the maximum output power of one AC/DC module is increased to 800W without any change in the module or in the Frame AC/DC.
two LVD-Relays per AC/DC Frame
The Backup Battery guarantees continuous operation for a certain time in case of a power main breakdown or AC/DC failure. Four types of Backup Battery with nominal capacities of 80Ah, 85Ah, 92Ah and 100Ah are available. The capacity of the Backup Battery can be increased further by having additional batteries in separate Service Racks / Shelters. Note: The Battery Backup Time can also be extended using the feature emergency configuration.
5.1
Support of Emergency Operation for 3rd Party BBU System

In the BS-240/241 implementation the switch into emergency configuration (due to a battery discharge alarm) is triggered by an "ALARM STATUS" CAN bus message that has been received from the CAN node of the AC/DC controller.
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When a service environment (AC/DC + Battery Backup) is built on at BS-60/61 sites, after replacement of BS-60/61 with BS-240/241, the alarm line for the AC/DC converter and for the battery which do not have access to the CAN node must be connected to a site input which is used as a trigger for the emergency configuration. A special setting of the attribute "associatedString" in the command "CREATE ENVABTSE" for the corresponding site input allows the operator to indicate that the support of emergency configuration is required for the 3rd party battery backup unit system. The string indicates from which source, AC/DC CAN node or site input, the trigger for the emergency configuration is expected. In case the string pattern is set to "##ACDC_FAULT", the trigger is expected from the site input of the corresponding ENVABTSE object. In all other cases the normal behavior is maintained. For simplicity, there is no check if the string "##ACDC_FAULT" is used for more than one ENVABTSE object. If the operator has set the "associatedString" attribute of an ENVABTSE object to "##ACDC_FAULT" for the AC/DC alarm line, the emergency configuration is deactivated if all trigger sources have ceased their alarm.
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6
AC AC ACLK ACOM ACP ACTC ACTM ACTP AMCO AMR ASIC ASU BCC BISON BTS BTSE
Abbreviations
Alternate Current Authentication Centre Advanced Clock Antenna Combiner AC Panel Alarm Collection Terminal Connection module Alarm Collection Terminal for Master Rack Alarm Collection Terminal for Slave Rack Amplifier Multi Coupler Adaptive Multi Rate Codec Application Specific Integrated Circuit Antenna Supervision Unit Base Core Controller Bit Switch for Optimized Network Architecture Base Transceiver Station Base Transceiver Station Equipment Core Carrier Unit Link Core Basis Core Satellite Carrier Unit Direct Current Diversity Amplifier Multi Coupler Downlink Duplex Amplifier Multi Coupler Edge Carrier Unit Enhanced Full-Rate Filter Combiner Field-Programmable Gate Array Full-Rate General Packed Radio System Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying High Level Data Link Control High Power Duplexer Unit Half-Rate High Speed Circuit Switched Data Hardware Link Equipment Local Maintenance Terminal
CC-Link COBA COSA CU DC DIAMCO DL DUAMCO ECU EFR FICOM FPGA FR GPRS GSMK HDLC HPDU HR HSCSD HW LE LMT
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LNA LTG LTL LVD MODUP MUCO NTC O&M OCVCXO OMT OVPT PATRX PCB PCM PDU PID PSU PWRDET PWRSTG RF RXA RXFED RXFEM RXLO SELIC SIPRO TMA TNF TOP TRAU TXA TXLO UL UPS VCXO
Low Noise Amplifier Loadable Timing Generation Local Test Loop Low Voltage Detect Modulator and Upconverter Multi Coupler Negative Thermal Coefficient Operation and Maintenance Oven Controlled VCXO Operation and Maintenance Terminal Overvoltage Protection and Tracer Power Amplifier and Transceiver Unit Printed Circuit Board Pulse Code Modulation Power Distribution Unit Product Identification Data Power Supply Unit Power Detector Power Stage Radio Frequency Analogue receiver board Receiver Front End Diversity Receiver Front End Main Receiver Local Oscillator Serial Link Interface Controller (ASIC) Signal Processing Unit Tower Mounted Amplifier Tunable Narrowband Filter Tracking Oscillator Transcoding and Rate Adaption Unit Analogue transmitter board Transmitter Local Oscillator Uplink Uninterruptable Power Supply System Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator
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Information

Base Station System Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241

Information Base Station System

Important Notice on Product Safety

Copyright (C) Siemens AG 2003.

Information Base Station System

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241

Reason for Update

06/2002 09/2002 11/2002 05/2003

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241

Information Base Station System

Information Base Station System

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241

This document consists of a total of 65 pages. All pages are issue 4.

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241

Information Base Station System

Information Base Station System

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241

Information Base Station System

Information Base Station System

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241

Information Base Station System

Information Base Station System

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241

Information Base Station System

1600 W ca.60 kg (132 Lbs)

Weight of Service1 Rack equipped with:

Weight of Service1 Rack equipped with:

Information Base Station System

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241

Characteristics Temperature range (C)

BS-240 (indoor) -5 C to +55 C +23 F to +131 F

BS-241 (outdoor) -45 C to +50 C -49 F to +122 F

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241

Information Base Station System

Information Base Station System

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241

COSA to next ext. rack

RXDIV ACTC DIAMCO * FAN ACTM

TMA Cell 1 RXCA0 RXCA1 4xTX RX RXDIV CU 0

* DCBCTRL DCBCTRL ACTC FAN CAN BUS

* not present in case of BTSE with reduced number of fan

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241

Information Base Station System

AC/DC ACP ACTC ACTM ACTP CAN COBA COSA CU

DCBCTRL DCP DIAMCO DUAMCO FICOM HPDU LE TMA

Information Base Station System

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241

Technical Description (TED:BSS) BS-240/241

Information Base Station System

Power Amplier Output Level (typical values)

GSM 900 GSM 900 GSM 1800 GSM 1900

CUGV3 CUGV4 CUDV3 / CUDV4 CUPV2

GMSK GMSK GMSK GMSK

GSM 900 GSM 1800

GMSK 8PSK GMSK 8PSK GMSK 8PSK GMSK 8PSK GMSK

48.45 46.4 48.3 46.3 48.3 46.3 47.3 45.3 48.3

70 43.6 67.6 42.7 67.6 42.7 53.7 33.9 67.6

Power Amplier Output Level

Information Base Station System