1. Design a circuit to obtain this characteristics waveform.

2. Do the experiment to plot the graph for Repeller Voltage versus Output Power. 3. Design a single cavity variable frequency microwave generator of low power and low efficiency. 4. This effect is used to good advantage for automatic frequency control in receivers, and in frequency modulation for transmitters 5. Design a system which makes the use of velocity modulation to transform a continuous electron beam into microwave power. 6. The points in the oscillating mode where the power output is half the maximum output in the mode. 7. Determine the system based on negative differential conductivity effect in bulk semiconductors, which has two conduction bands, separated by an energy gap (greater than thermal energies 8. A measure of the square wave modulation capability is the modulation depth the output ratio between 'ON' and 'OFF' state. 9. Design a characteristic of diode which is used in High frequency electronics. 10. Observe the characteristics of N-doped Semiconductor device. 11. Observe the characteristics of Transferred Electron Device (TED). 12. To the experiment to obtain this characteristics

13. Determine the far-field pattern of antenna which has low SWR, high gain and broad bandwidth. 14. Determine SWR and how well matched an antenna in to the transmission line it connects to and draw the smith chart for it 15. Determine the maximum power transfer from source to load and plot it in smith chart.

16. Measure the gain of the antenna by the equation PR/PT = ((0)2/(4S)2) X G2
17. Determine the Fresnel pattern of high gain antennas used at UHF and microwave frequencies above 300 MHz. 18. Do the experiment to obtain this graph

19. Explain the method of putting multiple data streams in a single signal by separating the signal into many segments each having a very short duration and plot it. 20. A method of transmitting and receiving independent signals over a common signal path by means of synchronized switches at each end of the transmission line so that each signal appears on the line only a fraction of time in an alternating pattern. 21. A method of putting multiple data streams in a single signal by separating the signal into many segments, each having a very short duration. 22. Design a system to get each individual data stream is reassembled at the receiving end based on the timing. 23. Design a communications process that transmits two or more streaming digital signals over a common channel. 24. Design a digital circuit switched system. 25. A device which is possible to measure the incident and reflected wave separately. 26. To measure the coupling factor and directivity of given directional coupler 27. Design a four port device 28. The coupling factor is defined as Coupling (db) = 10 log10 [P1/P3] 29. Design a two coupled transmission lines set close enough together such that energy passing through one is coupled to the other. 30. Design a backward coupler circuit. 31. All the four ports are matched, i.e. if three of them are terminated in matched loads, the fourth is automatically terminated in a matched load. 32. Calculate the coupling factor by the formula

Coupling factor =power at port 3/power at port1

33. The maximum angle at which the light incident on the fiber end is totally internally reflected and is

transmitted properly along the fiber.

34. The cone formed by the rotation of this angle along the axis of the fiber is the cone of acceptance of the

fiber
35. The light ray should strike the fiber end within its cone of acceptance else it is refracted out of the fiber. 36. A dimensionless number that characterizes the range of angles over which the system can accept or emit light. 37. NA has the property that it is constant for a beam as it goes from one material to another provided there is no optical power at the interface. 38. Numerical aperture is commonly used in microscopy to describe the acceptance cone of anobjective (and hence its light-gathering ability and resolution), and in fiber optics, in which it describes the range of angles within which light that is incident on the fiber will be transmitted along it. 39. A hybrid or 3 dB coupler used in microwave systems. 40. It is an alternative to the rat-race coupler. 41. If, by means of a suitable internal structure, the E-plane (difference) and H-plane (sum) ports are simultaneously matched, then by symmetry, reciprocity and conservation of energy it may be shown that the two collinear ports are also matched, and are magically isolated from each other. 42. Do the experiment using this device

43. Observe the system used in GSM Telephone system and plot its output as well as input. 44. Construct a fiber optical link which has a bit stream format of datas. 45. Construct an optical link which has data technology that uses discrete values. 46. The signal is transferred over the optical fiber with minimum latency and almost zero jitter. 47. The signal is reconstructed on the receiver and can be output as a TTL signal 48. Verify the expression 1/o = 1/g + 1/c 49. For TE 10 mode in rectangular wave guide 0, g and c are related as (1/0)2= (1/g) 2+ (1/c) 2. 50. The ratio between maximum and minimum field strength along the line.

51. S= Vmax/ Vmin.

52. Measure the VSWR & isolation by using the microwave device which has both E-Tee & H-Tee. 53. Measure the voltage standing wave ratio by using an unknown load in the microwave experiment. 54. To measure the impedance of an unknown load using smith chart.

55. Design a two port bidirectional device which attenuates some power when inserted into a transmission line.
56. Do the experiment for following equation X =20 log10 (Pout/Pin) 57. Measure the gradual loss in intensity and plot it 58. Determine the combining effect of both scattering and absorption. 59. Do the experiment by which the attenuation is found in the microwave equipment. 60. The transmitter module takes the input signal in electrical form and then transforms it into optical (light) energy containing the same information. 61. The buffer electronics provides both an electrical connection and isolation between the transmitter and the electrical system supplying the data. 62. Construct a fiber optical link in which a base carrier's alternating current frequency is modified in some way, such as by amplifying the strength of the signal or varying the frequency. 63. Construct an optical link which is widely used in Telecommunications.

64. To find the output power (Po) versus forward current (IF) characteristics of LASER.
65. An important feature of laser diodes is their ability to respond to direct high-speed modulation. 66. In pulse drive operation, if the DC bias current Ib is less than threshold current, Ith (threshold current) a time delay will result between the drive current pulse and the optical power output pulse. 67. Obtain the light gathering capacity of a fiber.