QUESTION BANK SUB.

NAME: EC2037 /MULTIMEDIA COMPRESSION&COMMN UNIT 1 MULTIMEDIA COMPONENTS

1.What are the special features of multimedia? 2.What is mean by graphics representation? 3. What is mean by data representation? 4.What is mean by compression? 5.What are the two types of compression? 6.Name the two types of compression? .What is the need for compression?

!.What are the storage re"uirements of for multimedia? #.What is mean by source coding?

1$.Write a few words about source models? 11.What is mean by scalar "uanti%ation?

12. What is mean by &ector "uanti%ation?

w w

13.What is the difference between &ector and scalar "uanti%ation? 14.Write the ad&antages of &ector "uanti%ation o&er scalar "uanti%ation? 15.'efine lossy compression? 16.'efine lossless compression? 1 .What are the types of source models? 1!.'efine uniform "uanti%ation?

.re jin pa

ul

.c

om

PART A

1#.What is mean by trellis(coded "uanti%ation? 2$.What are e&aluation techmi"ues used in compression? 21.What is mean by mar)o& models? 22.'efine the )raft(mcmillan ine"uality theorem?

24.Write the ta+onomy of compression techni"ues? 25.Write the ad&antages of graphics representation? 26.What is rate distortion theory?

2#.,ow entropy is related for the performance measures? 3$.What do you mean by lossy and lossless compression? 31.Write any three techni"ues for lossy compression?

32.'efine &ector "uanti%ation and gi&e its merit o&er scalar "uanti%ation. 33.What are the important applications of data compression? 34.Write the ta+onomy of compression techni"ues?

w w

35.What is meant by companded "uanti%ation? 36.What is meant by modelling? 3 .What are the parts of human audio &isual system? 3!.-i&e some models that are used in lossless compression? 3#.-i&e some models that are used in a lossy compression.

.re jin pa

2!.Write any three techni"ues for lossless compression?

ul

2 .'efine the basic concepts of information theory.

.c

om

23.What is the difference between the uniform*nonuniform "uanti%ation?

PART B 1.Write the features of multimedia and ad&antages of multimedia? 2..+plain the theory of &ector "uanti%ation? 3..+plain the theory scalar "uanti%ation? 4.What are difference between the &ector*scalar "uanti%ation? 5.Write the fundamental concepts of &ideo and audio signals? 6..+plain the source model techni"ues?

..+plain the different types of source coding techni"ues?

#..+plain the ta+onomy of compression techni"ues? 1$./i0.+plain the need for compression?

/ii0Write the storage re"uirements of multimedia?

11..+plain the different types of source coding techni"ues 12..+plain the error analysis and methodologies of multimedia compression 13.Write the fundamental concepts of &ideo and audio signals

w w

14..+plain the source model techni"ues 15..+plain the different types of source coding techni"ues

techni"ues

.re jin pa

!..+palin the error analysis and methodologies of multimedia compression techni"ues?

ul

.c

om

UNIT II AUDIO AND VIDEO COMPRESSION PART A 1.'efine the minimum &ariance ,uffman codes? 2.Write the optimality of ,uffman codes?

4.What is ny"uist rate?

5.What will be the effect if it is not satisfied/ny"uist rate0? 6.1tate and e+plain shannon2s channel capacity formula? .'efine entropy and e+plain its meaning? !..+plain prefi+ code?

#.'ifferntiate between 34 and 34W coding?

1$.What are tad&antages of adapti&e ,uffman coding? 11.What are applications of ,uffman coding? 12.5ompare ,uffman and arithmetic coding? 13.What are application dictionary coding?

14.What are applications of arithmetic coding?

15.What are two types adapti&e dictionary techni"ues?

w w

16.'efine file compression? 1 .'efine -67.

1!.Write about 896-2 standard? 1#.Write applications of e+tended ,uffman codes? 2$.What are the ad&antages of dictionary coding? 21.What are difference between 34 *34 ! approach?

.re jin pa

ul

.c

om

3.'efine adapti&e ,uffman coding?

22.'ifferentiate between forward and bac)ward adapti&e bit allocation method? 23.What are the drawbac)s of arithmetic coding? 24.,ow do you deciphering the tag in arithmetic coding? 25. ,ow do you generating the tag in arithmetic coding?

2 . -i&e any two characteristics of a code. 2!.What are the two types of "uanti%ation error? 2#. What are two types of adapti&e "uanti%ation? 31.What is meant by optimum prefi+ codes? 3$.What do you mean by forward adapti&e "uanti%ation?

32. Write any three techni"ues for loss less compression? 33. What are the applications of :rithmetic coding? 34. What does digram(coding mean? 35.What is 34 family algorithm? 36.'efine offset in 34 approach?

3 .'efine search buffer and loo) ahead buffer? 3!. -i&e some application of 34W? PART B

1.:;.!.9;.$!<5;.1! -enerate e+tended ,uffman code using pair of symbols?

w w

2..+plain dynamic ,uffman coding with an e+ample? 3.:;.3<9;1<5;.2<';3<.;.1 -enerate arithmetic code for 9:5.'. 4.: source emits letters from an alphabet :;=a1<a2<a3<a4<a5> with probabilities ?/a10;.15<?/a20;.$4<?/a30;.26<?/a40;.$5<?/a50;.5$ /a05alculate the entropy of this source. /b07ind a ,uffman code for this source.

.re jin pa

ul

.c

om

26. What are prefi+ codes?

/c07ind the a&erage length of the code in /b0 and its reduncy. 5.7or the fre"uency count 3etter a b c count 3

25

iii.'ecode the code you obtained to &erify that your encoding was correct. 6.

w w

.-i&en an initial dictionary consisting of the letters a b r y b.<encode the following message using the 34W algorithm@abbarraybbarrayarbbay. !.

7ind the real &alued tag for the se"uence a1 a1 a3 a2 a3 a1

.re jin pa
3etter a1 a2 a3 probability .2 .3 .5 6nde+ 1 2 3 .ntry a b. h

ul

ii.7ind the binary code for the se"uence abacabb.

.c

i.What is the word length re"uired for unambiguous encoding?

om

3!

4 5 6

i s t

: se"uence is encoded using the 34W algorithm and the initial dictionary shown in the table.

6 3 4 5 2 3 1 6 2 # 11 16 12 14 4 2$ 1$ ! 23 13 'ecode this se"uence. 2..ncode the decoded se"uence using the same initial di&tionary.'oes your answer

#. : se"uence is encoded using the 34W algorithm and the initial dictionary shown in the table.

w w

1.Ahe output of the 34W encoder is the following se"uence@ 3 1 4 6 ! 4 2 1 2 5 1$ 6 11 13 6 'ecode this se"uence.

2. .ncode the decoded se"uence using the same initial dictionary. 'oes your answer match the se"uence gi&en abo&e? 1$. .ncode the following se"uence using the 34 algorithm@

.re jin pa
6nde+ 1 2 3 4 .ntry a b. r t

match the se"uence gi&en abo&e?

ul

.c

1.Ahe output of the 34W encoder is the following se"uence@

om

9arrayarbbarbbybbarrayarbbay :ssume you ha&e a window si%e of 3$ with a loo) ahead buffer of si%e 15.furthermore< assume that 5/a0;1.<5/b0;2<5/b0;3<5/r0;4<and 5/y0;5.

UNIT III

1.'efine B( 3aw and :( 3aw. 2.Write the :pplications of -. 22. 3.Write the :pplication to audio coding. 4.'efine up sampling. 5. 'efine 'own sampling.

6.What are the audio compression techni"ues are a&ailable? .,ow ,uffman coding is used for audio compression? !.'raw the model for speech synthesis. #.What is mean by channel &ocoder? 1$. What is mean by 5.3?.?

12.'efine formants.

w w

13.What is the difference between 5.3?*C.3?? 14. What is the basic obDecti&e of -. 22? 15.write the layers of C?.- audio compression? 16.,ow subband coding is used for audio compression? 1 .'efine C.3?

11.'efine analysis filter in channel &ocoder.

.re jin pa

ul

.c

om

TEXT AND IMAGE COMPRESSION

1!.'raw the encoder diagram for 5.3??. 1#..'raw the 'ecoder diagram for 5.3??. 2$.Whether the audio compression is lossy or lossless compression? 21.What does 1tatic 'ictionary mean? 23.6s ,uffman coding lossy or less compression? 25.'efine le+icographic ordering? 26.What is the algorithm used in 896-? 2!. What is meant by progressi&e transmission? 2#.'efine lossless channel. 3$.'efine 'eterministic channel

24.-i&e an e+ample for offline encoding and online encoding?

31.What is the important of sub band coding in audio compression? 32.. What are the parameters used in silence compression? 33. 3ist the &arious analysis E synthesis speech schemes. 34.What are the factors to be considered for a &oicedE un&oiced decision in predicti&e coders?

w w

1..+plain B( 3aw and :( 3aw companding techni"ues. 2.'raw and e+plain fre"uency domain and filtering . 3.With neat bloc) diagram <.+plain basic subband coding techni"ues. 4. With neat bloc) diagram <.+plain encoder and decoder of -. 22. 5..+plain detail about C?.- audio compression techni"ue. 6..+plain progressi&e encoding for audio.

.re jin pa
PART B

ul

2 .What are the different approaches used in a adapti&e dictionary techni"ue?

.c

om

22.What is meant by adapti&e dictionary?

..+plain 5.3? &ocoder. !.What are the applications of arithmetic coding? #..+plain anyone application. 1$..+plain about :dapti&e ,uffman coding 11.What is meant by arithmetic coding? .+plain it with an e+ample. 12.Write an algorithm and e+plain the fractal compression techni"ue for images. What are its applications? UNIT IV VoIP TEC NOLOG! PART A

1.6n what manner does '?5C differ from ?5C? 2.Write the difference between 'C and '?5C? 3.'ifferntiate between 8?.- and 8?.- 2$$$.

4.What is mean by 5ontour based compression? 5.Write about .4W.

6.What is the function of mother wa&elet?

.What is special about wa&elet transform?

!.What is the ad&antage of '5A o&er '7A?

w w

#.What are the application of wa&elets? 1$.What are steps performed in .4W algorithm? 11.What are the labels in .4W . 12.What is mean by 1?6,A? 13.What is mean by 36? in 1?6,A? 14.What are difference between 896-< 896-2?

.re jin pa

ul

.c

om

15. 'efineFptimal Guanti%ation. 16.What is mean by Fptimal ?redictors? 1 .What are applicatios of image compression? 1!.What is mean by GC7?

2$.What is the difference between .4W*1?6,A?? 21.'efine 361 in 1?6,A. 22.What are the difference between 8?.-*896-? 23.What is mean by 'ecomposition? 24.Write the ad&antages of '?5C. 25.Write the applications of 8?.- 2$$$.

26.What are the components of C?.- audio scheme? 2!.What is )nown as "uadrati&e mirror filter? 2#.:pplication to speech coding -. 22 3$.'efine bit allocation?

2 .'efine &ocoders and what are the types channel &ocoders?

32.What is meant by decimation * interpolation?

w w

33.Ahe cutoff fre"uency for anti(aliasing filter is reasons.

31.. -i&e an e+ample of bit allocation procedure in basic sub band coding? H,% and ! H,%. -i&e

34.,ow mas)ing properties of the human ear used 6 reducing the number of bits in uniform "uantiser? 35.-enerally< auto correlation function is used as a tool for obtaining the pitch period. 9ut in linear predicti&e coders< :C'7 is used. Why? 36.'efine "uad tree?

.re jin pa

ul

.c

om

1#.'efine significant map coding.

3 .6n what way 1?6,A is more efficient than .4W? 3!. What is massic transformation? PART B 1.Ising a bloc) diagram< e+plain the 8?.- image compression techni"ues in detail.

3.'raw and e+plain the encoder('ecoder bloc) diagram 3rd order predicti&e '?5C. 4..+plain 5ontour based compression. 5.Write brief about 8?.- 2$$$ standards.

6.7or the se&en le&el decomposition shown below@ 6 21 (6

.re jin pa
3 (3 $

ul
15 12 6 $ (3 (3 $ $

3 3

w w

/a07ind the bit stream generated by the .4W coder. /b0'ecode the bitstream generated in the pre&ious step.Jerify that you get the original coefficient &alues. .Ising the coefficients from the se&en le&el decomposition

.c

om

2..+plain in depth the operation of .4W coderE

6 21 (6 3

15

12

6 $ (3 3 3 (3 $

(3

$ $

!. With neat bloc) diagram e+plain the Aransform 5oding. #. What are the difference between 8?.-*896-*8?.- 2$$$. 1$. 'raw and e+plain the encoder('ecoder bloc) diagram 3rd order predicti&e 'C*?5C?

w w

.re jin pa
UNIT V ?:KA :

/b0'ecode the bitstream generated in the pre&ious step. Jerify that you get the original coefficient &alues.

MULTIMEDIA NET"ORKING

ul

/a07ind the bit stream generated by the 1?6,A coder.

.c

om

1. What are &ideo compression techni"ues are a&ailable? 2. What is the difference between ?3J and KAJ? 3. What is the complete si%e of macro bloc)? 4. Write the ad&antages of C?.-? 5. Write the applications of C?.-?
6.

Write the prime difference between C?.-1*C?.-2?

. Write the prime difference between C?.-4*C?.- ? !. What is mean motion compensation? #. What is mean by motion &ectors? 1$.,ow do you increase the si%e of the bloc)? 11.What are frames a&ailable in C?.-? 12.What is the use of frames?

13.Which compression scheme is used in pac)et &ideo? 14.What are applications of ,.261?

15.Write the ad&antages of C?.- o&er C?.-4? 16.Write the ad&antages of C?.-2 o&er C?.-1?

w w

1!.What are functions of ? frames? 1#.What is the function of pac)et &ideo in :AC networ)s? 2$.What is mean by 6 frames in C?.-? 21.What is the function of 9 frame? 22.What is mean by 9671? 23.What are standards used in &ideo compression techni"ues?

1 .What is mean by 'J6 real time compression?

.re jin pa

ul

.c

om

24.What is the difference in 8?.- and 8?.- 2$$$? 25.What is fractal compression? 26.What is .95FA? 2 .What is a wa&elet transform? 2!.'efine delta modulation 3$.What is the disad&antage of uniform "uanti%ation o&er the non(uniform "uanti%ation? 31.What is &ideo compression? 32.What are the disad&antages of &ideo compression? 2#.'efine adapti&e delta modulation

1..+plain the operation of ,.261 &ideo compression techni"ues? 2.Write a detailed noe on C?.- &ideo coders? 3. .+plain detailed about C?.- standard. 4. detailed about C?.- 4 standard. 6. Write about pac)et &ideo? .Write about ?3J performance? !..+plain detailed about 'J6 technology? #. .+plain in detail about C?.-(4? 1$..+plain the 'J6 technology for symmetric and asymmetric motion &ideo compressionEdecomposition? 11.What is motion compensation in ,.261.briefly discussing it?

5. .+plain detailed about C?.- 2*1 standard.

w w

.re jin pa
PART B

ul

.c

om

.+plain model based coding?

12.Explain EPIC, SPIHT, JPEG, and JBIG?

w w

.re jin pa

ul

.c

om