Malayalam calendar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Malayalam Calendar (also known as Malayalam Era or Kollavarsham or Kollam Era) is a solar and sidereal Hindu calendar used in Kerala, India. The origin of the calendar has been dated as 825 CE.[1][2]

List of Chera kings Early Cheras

Uthiyan Cheralathan Nedum Cheralathan Selva Kadumko There are many theories about the origin of the calendar. It is generally agreed among the scholars that it was started with the reopening of the natural disaster Valiathan Senguttuvan Chera Illam Cheral Irumporai destroyed city of Kollam on the Malabar coast by Mar Abo, an Assyrian saint [3] Mantaran Cheral who ruled a number of churches in Travancore with Syrian liturgy. Some

argue that it was founded by the ruler of Venad Udaya Marttanda Varma (a Interregnum (c.300800) feudatory with capital at Kollam) or by the Vedic philosopher Adi Shankara on Later Cheras the backdrop of the shivite revival among the vaishnavite Nambuthiri 800-820 Community who are considered to be the ' Nampthali' lost Tribe of the Jews or Kulashekhara Varma [3] Rajashekhara Varma 820-844 simply it is a derivation of the Saptarshi Era
Sthanu Ravi Varma Rama Varma Kulashekhara Goda Ravi Varma 844-885 885-917 917-944 944-962 962-1019 1019-1021 1021-1028 1028-1043

1 Months 2 Days 3 Significant dates 4 Derived names 5 Notes 6 See also

Indu Kotha Varma Bhaskara Ravi Varma I Bhaskara Ravi Varma II Vira Kerala Rajasimha

Bhaskara Ravi Varma 10431082 III Ravi Rama Varma 1082-1090 1090-1102

The Malayalam months are named after the Signs of the Zodiac. Thus Cingam (from Simham or Lion) is named after the constellation Leo and so on. The following are the months of the astronomical Malayalam calendar:

Rama Varma Kulashekhara

Related articles Silappatikaram Patiuppattu Muchiri Thondi Vanchi Tholan akaranryaa Cheraman Perumal Mukundamala Kollam Era Battle of Kandalur Salai School of Astronomy and Mathematics Vazhapalli plates

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Malayalam calendar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam_calendar

Comparative table showing corresponding months of other calendars Months in In Gregorian Tamil Saka era Malayalam Era Malayalam Calendar calendar Chingam Kanni Tulam Vrscikam Dhanu Makaram Kumbham Minam Medam Edavam (Idavam) Mithunam Karkadakam n i AugustSeptember Aavani SeptemberOctober Purattasi OctoberNovember Aippasi November December Karthigai Sravan Bhadrapada

Sign of Zodiac Leo

BhadrapadaAsvina Virgo AsvinaKartika Kartika Agrahayana Libra Scorpio

DecemberJanuary Margazhi JanuaryFebruary FebruaryMarch MarchApril AprilMay MayJune JuneJuly Thai Maasi Panguni Chithirai Vaikasi Aani Aadi

AgrahayanaPausa Sagittarius PausaMagha MaghaPhalguna PhalgunaChaitra Chaitra Vaisakha VaisakhaJyaistha JyaisthaAsada AsadaSravana Capricon Aquarius Pisces Aries Taurus Gemini Cancer

k JulyAugust

The days of the week in the Malayalam calendar are suffixed with Azhca ( - week). Comparative table showing corresponding weekdays Malayalam English Kannada Tamil Hindi Njayar Thinkal Chowva Budhan Vyazham Velli Shani v ll Sunday Monday Tuesday Bhanuvara Somavara Nyaayiru Ravivar Thinkal Somvar

Mangalavara Chevvai Mangalvar Budhan Budhvar

Wednesday Budhavara Thursday Friday Saturday Guruvara Shukravara Shanivara

Vyazhan Guruvar Velli Sani Sukravar Shanivar

Like the months above, there are twenty seven stars starting from Aswati (Ashvin in Sanskrit) and ending in Revat. The 365 days of the year are divided into groups of fourteen days called Nhattuvela, each one bearing the name of a star.

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Malayalam calendar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayalam_calendar

The festivals Antupirapp ( p - new year, more commonly called Antupiravi ( ) or puthuvarsham ()), celebrated on the 1st of Medam, Vishu ( astronomical new year), and Onam (), celebrated on the star [tiruom] in the month of Chingam, are two of the major festivals, the greatest of them being Onam (). (See also, Kerala New Year.) The Makaravilakku festival is celebrated in the Ayyappa Temple at Sabarimala on the 1st day of month Makaram. This marks the grand finale of the two-month period to the Sabarimala pilgrimage. The 1st of Makaram marks the Winter Solstice (Uttarayanan) and the 1st of Karkadakam marks the Summer Solstice (Dakshinayanam) according to the Malayalam calendar. (According to the astronomical calendar the Summer solstice is on June 21, and the Winter solstice on December 21.) Formerly the New Year in the Malabar region was on the 1st of Kanni and that in the Travancore region was on the 1st of Chingam. When the Government of Kerala adopted Kolla Varsham as the Regional Calendar the 1st of Chingam was accepted as the Malayalam New Year. Medom is the first month according to the astronomical calendar; it is identical with Chaitram of the Saka Varsha. The first of these months are supposed to mark the Vernal Equinox. Astronomically the calendars need to be corrected to coincide with actual Vernal Equinox which falls on the 21st of March. (Chaitram 1 usually falls on March 20, and Medom 1 falls on April 14.)

Many events in Kerala are related to the dates in the Malayalam calendar. The agricultural activities of Kerala are centred around the seasons. The Southwest monsoon which starts around June 1 is known as Edavappathi, meaning mid-Edavam. The North east monsoon which starts during mid October is called thulavarsham (rain in the month of thulam). The two harvests of paddy are called Kannikkoythu and Makarakkoythu (harvests in the months kanni and makaram) respectively.

1. ^ Broughton Richmond (1956), Time measurement and calendar construction (http://books.google.com /books?id=gUlmAAAAMAAJ), p. 218 2. ^ R. Leela Devi (1986). History of Kerala (http://books.google.com/books?id=pXpuAAAAMAAJ). Vidyarthi Mithram Press & Book Depot. p. 408. 3. ^ a b Manorama Yearbook, Mal:2000

Hindu calendar Bengali calendar Tamil calendar Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malayalam_calendar&oldid=562356077" Categories: Calendar eras Culture of Kerala Specific calendars This page was last modified on 1 July 2013 at 06:57. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.

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