Transmission Line Arrester TLA

TLA Transmission Line Surge Arrester Introduction

Numerous technical publications have stated that lightning is responsible for approximately 65% of all of the non-scheduled outages occurring on transmission lines, thus creating many issues for power supply utilities.

Power supply utilities themselves have verified the load losses due to voltage sags on their systems from transitory outages caused by lightning activity and in some regions they have found serious permanent damage caused to the system itself due to these transitory disturbances occurring on important lines.

The effect of these transitory disturbances on transmission lines can also be more critical in areas with high ground resistivity when associated with high lightning activity.

Although it is a fact that most of the non-scheduled outages are transitory in nature, with a fault time shorter than 1 minute, in many cases this is still deemed, by power supply utilities and their customers, to be unacceptable. This loss of supply is critical for all modern industries now so reliant on sophisticated electronic equipment and especially production processes sensitive to momentary disturbances on the system.

In order to reduce the number of non-scheduled outages in electrical systems, power companies and industrial consumers have been studying and promoting improvements to transmission lines thereby increasing their reliability.

There are different methods to improve transmission lines performance due to lightning: a) b) c) d) e) Increase the dry arcing distance from the insulators strings. Install shield wires in lines without shield wire. Improve the shield wire performance. Improve the grounding system performance of surges by improving the tower footing resistance. Installation of transmission line arresters to counteract the effects of lightning or switching activity

In most cases line arresters (TLA), electrically connected in parallel with the insulator string, have been considered as the most effective method currently applied to improve transmission line performance, especially when associated with improvements to the grounding system and usually presents the best benefit versus cost relationship in reducing flashovers of the insulator string due to excessive voltages.

TLA Transmission Line Surge Arrester

TLA Transmission Line Surge Arresters up to 230 kV Utility Utilities are required by demand to increase availability and reliability of transmission systems. Therefore eliminating operational high cost outages and mandoratory penalties is high on the agenda. Key Features HV arrester suspended from a transmission line giving enhanced transmission line performance. Increasing system line voltage on standard insulated transmission lines. Benefits of TLA Applications Minimising circuit breaker operation with possible system outage resulting from back flashover on the transmission line. Switching overvoltages are absorbed over the length of the line reducing the severity of surge at the substation. Transmission systems can be operated even where sub-soil gives poor tower footing resistance. Eliminating interrupted power supply for sensitive industrial processes. Installing Transmission Line Arresters on a standard 3 phase voltage system along the line, at calculated intervals, allows for optimum performance of the TLA, to give an increased system line voltage. Therefore eliminating the need to increase the standard insulation level required on conventional system upgrade.
Disconnect Device Earth Cable with StrainRelief Silicone Rubber Insulation Grading Ring for voltages above 150 kV Suspension Clamp

TLA Transmission Line Surge Arrester

Electrical Performance Specification: Classification: Voltage Rating: High Current Performance: Line Discharge Class: Minimum Energy Capability: 4.5kJ/kV at Ur according to IEC60099-4 (Clause 7.4.2 table 4 and 7.5.5.5) TLA1 TLA2 TLA3 15 - 45 kV 48 - 96 kV 108 - 144 kV 2 IEC60099-4 10kA 15 to 192kV 100kA

TLA4 150 - 192 kV Disconnect Device tested in accordance with IEC 60099-4 Class2. TLA3-120 - 138 kV System, Brazil
Insulation

Material:

Vibration Tested

Silicone Rubber Report No. BOE002000 TLA4

TLA Dimensions

TLA3

TLA2
A

TLA1
A

TLA Transmission Line Surge Arrester Protective Characteristics

Product Code

Rating Max. Temporary Max Residual voltage kV crest with current wave Voltage cont. overSwitching surge Lightning Current kV operating voltage 30/60 uS 8/20 uS voltage capability (COV) for 1 sec 125 A 500 A 5 kA 10 kA 20 kA kV (TOV) kV kV kV kV kV kV 15 18 21 24 27 30 36 39 42 45 48 60 72 75 84 96 108 120 138 144 150 168 180 192 12 14 17 19 22 24 29 31 34 36 38.4 48 57.6 60 67.2 76.8 86.4 96 110 115 120 134 144 154 17.1 20.5 24.0 27.4 30.8 34.2 41.1 44.5 47.9 51.3 54.8 68.4 82.0 85.5 95.8 109 123 137 157 164 171 192 205 219 31.1 39.2 43.8 50.1 54.8 60.9 71.8 76.4 82.7 88.8 93.9 115 137 144 159 182 202 225 261 271 285 314 338 376 33.3 41.7 46.5 53.2 58.2 64.8 76.3 81.2 87.8 94.4 100 122 146 153 169 193 215 239 277 288 303 333 359 399 41.4 50.5 56.4 64.5 70.6 78.5 92.4 98.4 106 114 121 148 176 186 204 234 260 286 336 349 367 404 435 484 45.9 54.4 61.4 69.5 76.3 84.6 100 106 115 123 130 160 190 200 220 252 281 312 362 377 396 435 470 521 51.6 61.8 69.0 78.9 86.4 96.0 113 120 130 140 148 182 216 227 250 286 319 354 411 427 449 494 533 594

Steep Current Residual Voltage 10 kA kV Crest 46.7 59.5 67.1 75.6 83.3 92.0 108 115 125 134 142 174 207 218 240 275 305 339 394 410 430 474 511 591

TLA1B15L1E1M2 TLA1B18L1E1M0 TLA1B21L1E1M0 TLA1B24L1E1M0 TLA1B27L1E1M0 TLA1C30L1E1M0 TLA1C36L1E1M0 TLA1C39L1E1M0 TLA1E42L1E1M0 TLA1E45L1E1M0 TLA2C48L1E1M0 TLA2C60L1E1M0 TLA2C72L1E1M0 TLA2C75L1E1M0 TLA2E84L1E1M0 TLA2E96L1E1M0 TLA3C108L1E1M0 TLA3C120L1E1M0 TLA3E138L1E1M0 TLA3E144L1E1M0 TLA4C150L1E1M0 TLA4E168L1E1M0 TLA4E180L1E1M0 TLA4E192L1E1M0

TLA Transmission Line Surge Arrester Mechanical and Reference Information

Total Creepage mm (nom)

Overall height mm (max) A

Drawing Reference

Pivot Suspension Clamp Drawing Reference

Disconnect Drawing Reference

Strain Relief System Drawing Reference E2 BOW-19-013 BOW-19-013 BOW-19-013 BOW-19-013 BOW-19-013 BOW-19-013

Data Sheet Reference

E1 930 930 930 930 930 1310 1310 1310 2000 2000 2620 2620 2620 2620 4000 4000 3930 3930 6000 6000 5240 8000 8000 8000 321 321 321 321 321 476 476 476 476 476 952 952 952 952 952 952 1428 1428 1428 1428 1904 1904 1904 1904 BOW-19-001 BOW-19-001 BOW-19-001 BOW-19-001 BOW-19-001 BOW-19-002 BOW-19-002 BOW-19-002 BOW-19-003 BOW-19-003 BOW-19-004 BOW-19-004 BOW-19-004 BOW-19-004 BOW-19-005 BOW-19-005 BOW-19-006 BOW-19-006 BOW-19-007 BOW-19-007 BOW-19-008 BOW-19-009 BOW-19-009 BOW-19-009 BOW-19-011 BOW-19-011 BOW-19-011 BOW-19-011 BOW-19-011 BOW-19-011 BOW-19-011 BOW-19-011 BOW-19-011 BOW-19-011 BOW-19-011 BOW-19-011 BOW-19-011 BOW-19-011 BOW-19-011 BOW-19-011 BOW-19-011 BOW-19-011 BOW-19-011 BOW-19-011 BOW-19-011 BOW-19-011 BOW-19-011 BOW-19-011 BOW-19-012 BOW-19-012 BOW-19-012 BOW-19-012 BOW-19-012 BOW-19-012 BOW-19-012 BOW-19-012 BOW-19-012 BOW-19-012 -

BOW-EPP-TLA1B-15 BOW-EPP-TLA1B-18 BOW-EPP-TLA1B-21 BOW-EPP-TLA1B-24 BOW-EPP-TLA1B-27 BOW-EPP-TLA1C-30 BOW-EPP-TLA1C-36 BOW-EPP-TLA1C-39 BOW-EPP-TLA1E-42 BOW-EPP-TLA1E-45 BOW-EPP-TLA2C-48 BOW-EPP-TLA2C-60 BOW-EPP-TLA2C-72 BOW-EPP-TLA2C-75 BOW-EPP-TLA2E-84 BOW-EPP-TLA2E-96

BOW-19-013 BOW-EPP-TLA3C-108 BOW-19-013 BOW-EPP-TLA3C-120 BOW-19-013 BOW-EPP-TLA3E-138 BOW-19-013 BOW-EPP-TLA3E-144 BOW-19-013 BOW-EPP-TLA4C-150 BOW-19-013 BOW-EPP-TLA4E-168 BOW-19-013 BOW-EPP-TLA4E-180 BOW-19-013 BOW-EPP-TLA4E-192

TLA Transmission Line Surge Arrester Accessories

TLA Pivot Suspension Clamp

Suspension Clamp Assembly

Copper Shorting Braid / Cable Galvanised Steel Clamp Straps & Fixings Aluminium Line Clamp

Galvanised Steel Line palm

M12 Connection For Shorting Braid / Cable

M16 x 35 Min. Full Thread

TLA Surge Arrester

Clamp

Conductor
Range Dia. A

Dimensions mm
B C D

U Bolt
Torque

Weight

L2 L3 L4 L5

9.5 - 19 mm 18 - 30 mm 30 - 45 mm 45 - 65 mm

180 217 267 320

80 90 100 120

90 110 120 140

40 50 64 86

45 Nm 45 Nm 75 Nm 75 Nm

1.8 kgs 3.0 kgs 4.3 kgs 6.0 kgs

Earthing Configuration TLA Disconnect - E1

TLA Surge Arrester

TLA Strain Relief System - E2

TLA Surge Arrester

Disconnect Device Earth Connection Disconnect Device Strain Relief Shackle and Swivel Joint Earth Connection

Strain Relief Wire Connection 7

TLA Transmission Line Surge Arrester Performance

Improving the reliability of a 69kV transmission line effected by lightning.

Individual Towers Protected with TLA

100.0 80.0

Probability of flashover

60.0 40.0 20.0 0.0 26 27 34 35 36 43 52 61 63 73 75 81 83 84 86

Tower Numbers
Actual without TLA 1 TLA per circuit 2 TLAs per circuit

Installing one TLA on an individual tower reduces the probability of flashover. If you take a look at (tower 35) which has an 80% probability of flashover, this can be reduced to less than 60% with one TLA installed on the bottom phase. If a second TLA is installed the reduction in probability is minimal.

Typical Transmission Line 69 kV

Adjacent Towers Protected With TLA

100.0 80.0 60.0 40.0 20.0 0.0 26 27 34 35 36 43 52 61 63 73 75 81 83 84 86

Probability of flashover

Tower Numbers
Actual without TLA 1 TLA per circuit 2 TLAs per circuit

Installation of additional TLAs on adjacent towers reduces the probability of flashover on (tower 35) to less than 30% and then if you install a further TLA on (tower 35) again the probability of flashover is reduced to less than 20%.
8

TLA Transmission Line Surge Arrester Tower installations

The number of the TLA installed on the tower depends

Tower

basically on the tower geometry and configuration as well as the earthing transient impedance behaviour.

Insulator

For towers with a horizontal conductor configuration,

Line

conductors in a single line across the tower, normal practice is to install a TLA on both of the two outside phase conductors.

TLA Lead Earth Disconnect Device

For towers with a vertical conductor configuration, conductors arranged above each other, the resultant transient voltage across the insulators string sets is usually higher at the bottom phase, which presents a lower distance to the soil and lowest coupling with the shield wire. Therefore, transmission lines with a vertical configuration and low tower footing impedance, only one TLA is necessary to install on the bottom

Tower Insulator

phase, but for higher impedances it might be necessary install two and sometimes three TLAs.

Line

A direct lightning strike to the transmission line without a

TLA

shield wire will cause the discharge current i(t) to divide into two current waves travelling on the both directions down the line with magnitude of i( t ) / 2 (it is valid when we consider

Lead Earth Disconnect Device

the impedance of the discharge channel as infinite). This current therefore produces a voltage wave v (t) in both directions which considering as a first approach that the transmission line is without losses and distortions, results in a voltage along the line which can be estimated by: V ( t ) = Z0 . i ( t ) / 2

Tower Insulator Line

For lines with shield wires, the voltage on the top of the tower will be significantly lower and will depend on the lightning striking point, the tower impedance and mainly of the earthing
TLA

transient behaviour.

Disconnect Device Earth Lead

Additional Product Lines:

Energy Division
http://energy.tycoelectronics.com

Transmission Surge Arresters

Polymeric DC Traction Surge Arrester

SparkGap TypeSPG1

The SPG1 Spark Gap is designed for use with traction circuits to provide virtually instantaneousprotectionof both equipmentand personnel from power system faults.The unit also provides protectionagainst lightninggenerated voltages which would otherwise cause damage to signallingand cable circuits. The SPG1 is constructedin stainless steel of rugged design allowingthe SPG to be installed in harsh environmentssuch as track side locations without additionalweather protection. Suitable for use on circuits where standing/induced voltages do not exceed 110v RMS. Fast operation Typical 5 microseconds with 1 1kA fault current. Internal spark gap module unit easily replaced after fault current operation. Fail safe feature ensures safety to personnel and equipment. Service proven performance. High internal impedance with low capacitance does not interfere with track signallingcircuits .

Transmission Surge Arrestres Modular Single Column Polymeric Surge Arrester Modular Series Parallel Polymeric Surge Arrester Polymeric Housed Surge Arrester Porcelain Housed Surge Arrester

Polymeric DC Traction Surge Arresters Rolling Stock Track Side

Spark Gap Type SPG1 Protection between overhead catenary structure earth and system earth Protection of single bonded power cable circuits Protection of low voltage DC power supplies Protection of cathodic protection power supplies.

Safety, Connectors and Earthing Equipment

Surge Counters Type SC12 & SC13

The Bowthorpe EMP range of Surge Arrester monitoring instruments are fully tested for use with any manufacturers surge arrester. The SC12 is a Surge Counter only, whilst the SC13 provides the additional measurement of total leakage current. The analogue instrument provides a means of monitoring the current through the arrester and the leakage current over the surface of the arrester housing. Significant changes after installation may indicate a deterioration in the arrester or a build up of surface contamination. These instruments, which require no auxiliary supply, are designed for installation in the earth connections of a single surge arrester or alternatively the SC12 may be used with the common earth of a three phase set. Fully weatherproofed and sealed for life they are housed in a one piece gravity die cast aluminium case coated to enhance its already high degree of resistance to surface corrosion. The glass viewing window is sealed in place, using a silicon rubber adhesive, and a desiccator is enclosed to ensure any residual moisture trapped during sealing is absorbed for the service life of the counter. Mounting is effected by means of an integrally cast lug at the rear of the case

providing a single clearance hole for the galvanised steel M12 bolt supplied. The SC12 and SC13 are service proven and require no special maintenance or servicing apart from general cleaning of the glass viewing window and the moulded epoxy resin line terminal bushing.

Safety, Connectors and Earthing Equipment. Portable Earth Kits Insulated Poles Pole Heads Earthing Clamps Line Taps and Shrouds Cable Spiker

Airfield Lighting Box Type 2DCAFL4 Protection of airfield lighting control equipment.

Surge Counters Type SC12 & SC13 Used in series with HV Surge Arrester SC12 Surge Counter SC13 Combined Surge Counter with Leakage Current Meter

For further information contact hvsurgearresters@tycoelectronics.com

All of the above information, including drawings, illustrations and graphic designs, reflects our present understanding and is to the best of our knowledge and belief correct and reliable. Users, however, should independently evaluate the suitability of each product for the desired application. Under no circumstances does this constitute an assurance of any particular quality or performance. Such an assurance is only provided in the context of our product specifications or explicit contractual arrangements. Our liability for these products is set forth in our standard terms - conditions of sale. ALR, AMP, AXICOM, B&H, BOWTHORPE EMP, CROMPTON INSTRUMENTS, DORMAN SMITH, DULMISON, GURO, HELLSTERN, LA PRAIRIE, MORLYNN, RAYCHEM, and SIMEL are trademarks.

For more information and your country contact person, please visit us at: http://energy.tycoelectronics.com Tyco Electronics Bowthorpe EMP Stevenson Road, Brighton, East Sussex, England BN2 0DF Phone: +44 (0) 1273 692591, Fax: +44 (0) 1273 601741 http://www.bowthorpe-emp.com Tyco Electronics Raychem GmbH, Energy Division Finsinger Feld 1, 85521 Ottobrunn/Munich, Germany Phone: +49-89-6089-0, Fax: +49-89-6096345

BOW-EPP-004-02-04

Energy Division a pioneer in the development of economical solutions for the electrical power industry. Our product range includes: cable accessories, connectors & fittings, electrical equipment, instruments, lighting controls, insulators & insulation enhancement and surge arresters.