browse

post

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

sign in join

Looking for "afuraka"? Find "afuraka" on Tribe.net

Advertisement

tribes Cultures & Community Black History is World History topics

Afuraka/Afuraitkait (Africa) topic posted Sun, April 6, 2008 - 8:42 AM by Metaphysics

Note: I'm Not into Paganism, Neo-Paganism or African Paganism; in which I believ e is/has been distorted Gnosis of our inner and spiritual Cosmology of self (Divine) into Materialism and Sens ationalism. I believe Deities (Tree of Life) are within us, my definition of Witchcraft is "the masquerade ball of the ego-soul in man and w oman." I believe just like the corruptions of symbolisms of Africa by other western rel igions; worshiping Idols, misunderstood allegory etc Most of the traditions like Voodoo, Yoruba, Candomble, Shango, Santeria, and Ob eah...if not understood right (imo) have been distorted as well -Dog Star Mikyia mo (Greetings), I thought I'd post this message that someone wrote on a different message board awhile back. I saw that there was a discussion on the origin of the name of the continent in one of the threads here. I thought that because of some of the information, this might be best suited for the Spirituality forum. Post is below: Mikyia wo (Greetings), I understand your rationale for using Equatorial. It can be a functional english term designating our people. I use the terms Afuraka/Afuraitkait (Africa) and Afurakanu/Afuraitkaitnut (Africans) for several reasons. The name Africa is not of european/arab origination. 'Amen' is used by christians with the false definition "so be it" attached to it. Of course, Amen is The Great God, Whom along with The Great Goddess Amenet constitute the Supreme Being. The word 'hero' in english is derived from 'Heru', phonetically and conceptually. The name 'Africa' also is our own designation. The term 'ka' means 'soul'. The metut/symbol is that of two arms raised in a perpindicular fashion. However, we must look at the term 'Qa' (as written in Budge's Hieroglyphic Dictionary, Vol. 2; also, Queen Hatsheptsut's Tekhen/Obelisk). The term 'Qa' or 'Qaqa' or 'Qiqa', is phonetically, 'Ka', 'Kaka', 'Keka'. The metut/symbol is that of a man with his two arms raised in a perpindicualar fashion. If you look closely, the two arms are the same two arms in the metut/symbol/term "ka" (soul). 'Qa', 'Qai' or 'Qaqa' or 'Qiqa' (Ka, Kai, Kaka, Keka) is defined variously as "the land above the banks of the river". The 'high' land. The 'exalted' land. The 'raised' land. The "high ground upon which the God of Creation first stood". It is the raised-land where the eight primordial Deities converged to create the egg from which Ra/Rait would emerge.

Ka, Kaka, Ke, Keka phonetically are the same terms as Qa, Qaqa, Qi, Qiqa. Let's look at the Yoruba language. There are 5 sacred hills. The sacred hill/raised-land in Yoruba is called oKe. The specific 'ke' or 'oke' (hill) called 'oke ara' is defined as the "hill upon which the manifestations of god first descended at the creation o f the world" . In the Twi language of the Akan people, 'Koko'(Kaka) means 'hill' (Twi-English Dictionary, by Paul Kotey). In Mayan, 'ka' means 'soil'. (Amaru-ka; soil-land of Amaru--Amaru is the "plumed serpent", thus, Amaruka 'America' is the 'land of the feathered/plumed serpent (AmenRa) When Ra moves through matter He has the title "Afu Ra". (See the temple of Seti I, Shat em Duat, 3rd Hour of the night for the title of Ra being "Afu Ra" as opposed to "Af" or "Afu") The first raised land (Qa/Ka), raised up above the surface of the water, is the "Ka of Afu Ra" Afuraka. Of course, Rait (Rat) is the Creatress of the world, just as Ra is the Creator. The feminine form of the name is thus the "Kait of Afu Rait" Afuraitkait. One of the definitions according to Budge for the term "nu" is 'children'. Also, it refers to a plurality. Again, in the Twi language of the Akan, the term "nom" (phonetically "noom") is a term for the plural, hence 'oyere' (wife) 'oyerenom' (wives); 'nua' (sibling) 'nuanom' (siblings); Nana (Elder/Elderess) Nananom (Elders/Elderesses). The Akan plural 'nom' is derived of the Kamau/Kenesu (Egyptian/Nubian) 'nu'. The term 'af' [spelled with the metutu of a "reed" (A) and a "horned viper" (F)] in Kamit means 'flesh' as in house or place of residence. Your flesh is a house or place of residence for your spirit. Another word for place of residence/house temple is spelled 'af' or 'aft' [spelled with the metutu of the eagle (A) instead of the "reed" for letter (A), the "viper" for (F) and the determinative for an enclosed space/temple/house.] When Ra is moving through matter (e.g. 12 hours of the night), when His energy is inside of the Earth and making the Earth vibrant, Earth/matter becomes the 'flesh of Ra'. Afu Ra. Again, in Twi the word for fertile land (land with life-giving energy moving through it, i.e. cultivatable land) is called "afuw" or "afuo". Now, just as the name of the Deity in Akan culture called 'Asuo Gyebi' is often pronounced 'Asur Gyebi' So is "Afuo" also pronounced "Afur". This is the reason why the land where some Akan people settled after having "Descended from Heaven by golden chain" is called "Koko-Afuo" Koko (hill/raised land) Afuo (land that is full of life; plantation; farmland). Today this land is called Kokofu in Ghana. Koko-Afur is none other than Afur-Koko. There is much more to this, as this is a brief summary. There is also the fact that the term Hat-Ka-Ptah is often spelled Hat-Ptah-Ka (See King Piye/Piankhi's victory stele). 'Het' was condensed into 'At' by the greeks (note: Het-Heru becomes Hathor and Athyr). Ptah was corrupted by the greeks and others into Putah (buddha) and Phutah. Hence, Hat-Ptah-Ka, becomes A-futah-ka. (afuraka). Hat-Ptah-Ka and

Afuraka have the same meaning cosmologically. (More on this later, as it relates to Ptah's functioning as fashioner of the World) Finally, Our descent from the original Afurakanu/Afuraitkaitnut, the original people of Afuraka/Afuraitkait; our descent from those who remained in Afuraka/Afuraitkait to receive the [inner truths] of Spirits and of the inner Goddesses and Gods; [some say] our ability through Ka-Nu/Kat-Nut (Melanin ) to receive and transmit the fullness of that Divine energy; Our INCARNATION and RE-INCARNATION through these families; it is these things [in total] that define us as Afurakanu/Afuraitkaitnut. It matters not where we go now on Earth or are born on Earth, we remain Afurakanu/Afuraitkaitnut in the physical world and the Ancestral realm. This is simply because our various Ancestral traditions state our civilizations around the world are a testament to the Divine Order (manifest by the Tree of Life) operating within the worlds blood, our families. There is much, much more to this, however we can definitely say with truth that we are Afurakanu/Afuraitkaitnut (created by and children of, Afu Ra and Afu Rait. Our bodies were formed from the original, black, raised land (Ka). Cosmologically and culturally, this unites all of us who are roots of the Tree of the world. Ma asomdwoee-Hetep posted by:

Metaphysics SF Bay Area 106 friends join to post Advertisement

Meta...

106. Re: Afuraka/Afuraitkait (Africa) Sun, April 6, 2008 - 8:58 AM

Fundamentally, all Afurakani/Afuraitkaitnit (African) Ancestral Religions are th e same. We all recognize the Great Mother and Great Father Who come together as the Two Halves of the Great Divine Whole to constitute the Supreme Being. (Amen and Amen et in Kamit, Lisa and Mawu in Ewe, Nyame and Nyamewaa in Akan, Chukwu and Komosu in Igbo, etc.) We recognize the Goddesses and Gods (Deities---Children of the Great God and Gre at Goddess), the Ancestresses and Ancestors, Their functions in Creation and The ir relation to our functions in Creation as all are part of the Divine Order. The essence of Afurakani/Afuraitkaitnit (African) Ancestral Religion is "the med itational incorporation of Divine Law and the Meditational restoration of Divine Balance". Through meditation, we incorporate things and entities in our lives t hat are in harmony with the Divine function the Supreme Being has given to us to execute in Creation. When imbalance occurs, when we stray from Divine Order, we restore balance to our lives through Meditation. It is by this means that we ge t back on track----realign ourselves with our function in the world. Similar to your body's cells each of which have a function to execute in the org an or system of which they are a part. By properly serving their immediate paren t organ or system (Goddess or God---Deity) they are actually serving your entire body (the Great Organic System/Supreme Being). When imbalance occurs (disease) there are rituals performed (e.g. intake of medicine) so that your cells can get back to executing the Divine function in the Great Body of which they are a par t and through which they are sustained. The basic differences amongst various ethnic expressions of Afurakani/Afuraitkai tnit (African) Ancestral Religion are basically linguistic as well as the variat ions of expression (forms of dance, song, drumming, clothing, foods, etc.) based on location (regions of the continent) and specific Ancestral transmissions and taboos based on specific blood circles. Fundamentally, I HOPE we are all on the same page. As an Afurakani (African) mal e born in America, who has embraced and lives his Ancestral culture (Akan) [of k mt ] I feel at home when I am talking about Ancient Egypt. The differences in cu lture are slight, because we are all connected as Afurakanu/Afuraitkaitnut (Afri cans), physically and spiritually. With regards to the practice of foreign religions by our people. Generally, peop le just don't have trustorical information. Trustory [troo'-stoh-ree (true-story ; trust-worthy story)] is defined as: "A true and accurate account of past event s" Trustorical information about the false religions: christianity, islam, judaism/ hebrewism, hinduism, vedanta, buddhism, etc. and their various forms: gnosticism , sufism, kabbalism, "esoteric" teachings, etc. is just now beginning to be rele ased in a detailed fashion. The false religions and there psuedo-esoteric forms are finally being rejected by those of our people who are learning the truth. Wh en people understand that jesus/yeshua/hesus and yeshua ben pandira, muhammad an d bilal, moses, abraham, isaac, ishmael, buddha, solomon, sheba, menelik, etc. a re absolutely fictional---beyond the shadow of a doubt---then we begin to realig n ourselves with reality. When we study our ancient culture and religious practices of Kamit (Egypt) and K eneset (Nubia) we will find that the contemporary cultures (Akan, Ewe, Yoruba, B akongo, Bambara, Dogon, Igbo, Goromantche, etc.) are directly descendant---genet

ically, linguistically, culturally and ritually. We also find the beginnings of religious perversion----when the westerns and Arabs and their offspring first in vaded our societies and deliberately manufactured fictional characters and false religious practices in order to enslave those of us who would embrace them. I have some who attempt to challenge the information I present---but it is and a lways will be a futile effort. The information is trustorical. When you check th e references and do the analysis you will find that it is irrefutable. It is only a matter of time now when our people (all of Us) the Human race and o ur beingness will be totally free of the false religions and false knowledge. Excerpts (my Edit) from destee.com/forums/showthread.php join to post .

Recent topics in "Black History is World History"

Topic Author Replies Last Post

Fundamentals: Organize Professional Organizers Zion 7 June 21, 2011

Fundamentals: Abuse From Men That Women Must End Zion 3 June 21, 2011

Instructions: 6 Foundations of Organizational Unity Zion

0 June 21, 2011

Instructions: 26 Characteristics of Great Leaders Zion 2 June 21, 2011 ^ top of page | view all topics | back to Black History is World History

Advertisement Boston | Chicago | Los Angeles | Miami | New York City | Philadelphia | San Die go | SF Bay Area | Seattle | more cities home | about | why join? | advertise | terms of use | privacy | contact | FAQ Copyright 2013 Utah Street Networks, Inc. All rights reserved. Portions may be patented and or licensed under U.S. Patent No. 6,175,831. sloeginfizz.tribe.inner .

pirulina History Global history / Spirulina in Thailand / World Records SPIRULINA HISTORY The world great discovery The story of Spirulina was revealed to public through a great discovery of some scientists who unexpectedly found that the way of life of one African tribe was interesting. Even though those villagers were living in a poor area and had less chance to consume protein from meat, they could still live healthily on "Dihe", a common type of algae grown around the lake in that area. This algae, which la ter called " Spirulina", was usually brought from the surface of that lake and l ater dried in the heat. Through its simple characteristic, Spirulina was amazing ly believed to have contained a variety of high quality nutrients. And that has become the great discovery of food product for the future. Although having a long history, Spirulina has just become well-known in our indu strial world for the past 30 years. According to the study of Prof. Hiroshi Nagamura from Internal Medicine Departme

nt, Tokai University, Japan, it can be concluded that Gamma Linolenic Acid (GLA) from Spirulina can help to lower cholesterol levels in blood 170 times than tha t of Linolenic found in oil (fat) from plants. Moreover, the research reported t hat vitamins and minerals in Spirulina can be absorbed into blood stream 4-6 tim es than that of Iron found in meat. In Thailand, it is believed that Ms.Jeamjit Boonsom, an academic researcher from the Institute of National Fresh Water Fisheries, Department of Fisheries, first discovered GD-1 Spirulina in 1996. It was, however, studied officially in 1983 as an FAO's cooperation project entitled "Development of Microalgae (Spirulina) Production of Thailand." Spirulina is claimed to have very high protein at the level of 60-70%. Besides, it also contains rich concentration of vitamins such as Vitamin A, B1, B2, B6, B 12, C, E and H, Folic Acid and Nicotinic Acid. In addition, Spirulina contains 2 50% more B12 than that of liver, so it is the world's highest source of Vitamin B12. Beta - Carotene which is Pro-Vitamin A found in it is 20-25 times more than that of Carrots. There are also several minerals such as Iron, Magnesium, Calci um and Potassium found here. Iron is 3 times more than that of a piece of steak. Interestingly, Spirulina has perfect 18 amino acids which is essential componen ts of human cells. It is also the source of Gamma Linolenic Acid (GLA), a fatty acid. (Nutrition facts) Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) has announced Spir ulina to be "The Best Food for Tomorrow" As mentioned in the research, Spirulina GD1 is the only strain found in Thailand and after has been improving the quality, it is approved by many countries to h ave had high variety of nutrients. This success has emerged the Thai researchers to study about Spirulina more seriously to promote it " the food for population in the future " Ms.Jeamjit Boonsom, who started this project, has given it a name under the trad emark registration as "Kreawthong" in 1994. However, Thailand now has only introduced this alga as a supplemental health foo d. It is believed that Spirulina will be applied to use widely as medicine, and the best species will be selected and studied to create a suitable food source a nd medication for humans of all ages in the future. World record 800 before B.E. There was a remain identified that Aztecs in Central America had brought this al gae from Lake Texcoco. 500 before B.E. The Kanam Kingdom of Africa used the same type of algae from Lake Chad as their food product. A.D. 1844 Nordstedf had described its characteristic and named it as "Spirulina Jenneri Pl atensis" A.D. 1940 Dangcard wrote an article about it and published in Linnean Society of Bordeux. A.D. 1962 Dr.Clement from France discovered that Lake Chad in Africa was the plentiful sou rce of the algae. A.D. 1966 (1) Ms. Jeamjit Boonsom discovered the same algae from the samples of water coll ected from Ubonrat Dam, Khon Kaen, Thailand. (2) Leonard, one of the Belgium explorer working in the Trans-Saharan Expedition project in the African Continent , wrote an article on how people living around

Lake Chad used this algae as their food supply. A.D. 1967 Prof.Hiroshi Nagamura had started Spirulina research in Japan. A.D. 1973 The story of Spirulina had been mentioned in the International Protein of Microo rganism Conference A.D. 1974 This alga was stated by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) to be " The Best Food for Tomorrow." A.D. 1980 The book called " Secret of Spirulina Medical Discoveries of Japanese Doctor " w as first published in America. A.D. 1981 (1) FAO had approved that Spirulina was an excellent nutrients supplement. (2) Mr.Tan, the former FAO's specialist in Thailand had given the book " Secret of Spirulina" to Ms. Jeamjit Boonsom and suggested her to continue doing the res earch in this topic. A.D. 1983 (1) Ms.Jeamjit Boonson had received a research scholarship from FAO to study Spi rulina under the project entitled " Development of Microalgae ( Spirulina) Produ ction of Thailand" (2) Spirilina was announced to have received the Best Natural Food Award from We st Germany's International Food Expo. A.D. 1985 (1) Ms. Jeamjit Boonsom had cooperated with a researcher from Israel, David Ben Gurion, under the sponsorship of the Foreign Administrative Organization of Amer ica, to study and search for the new creation of Spirulina's species. (2) Ms. Jeamjit Boonsom had given Spirulina a Thai name "Kleawthong" A.D. 1988 " The Secret of Spirulina Medical Discoveries of Japanese Doctor " was translate d into Thai by Ms.Jeamjit Boonsom, and published by the Department of National R esearch Committee. A.D. 1989 Ms.Jeamjit Boonsom, with the cooperation of the researchers from Kasetsart Unive rsity and Mahidol University, had received a research scholarship from the Chula bhorn Research Institute to study on Nutritional Value of Thai Strain Spirulina. A.D. 1992 Green Diamond co., Ltd. was the first Thai GD1 Kleawthong's manufacturer and dis tribution company registered for trading; it is also officially approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

"Many substances can reduce the amount of non-heme iron we absorb; these substan ces include tannins in coffee or tea, dairy, phytates (fiber), eggs and some typ es of chocolate. Calcium can impair the absorption of both non-heme and heme iro n. Therefore if a person needs more iron, he or she should avoid these items to improve the amount of iron absorbed. But if a person has a problem of too much i ron, he or she should use these items to help lower the amount of iron absorbed. " http://www.irondisorders.org/Disorders/about.asp If you are just curious about vitamin E: "calcium, vitamin E, zinc, or antacids {taken} at the same time as iron suppleme nts {will} interfere... with the iron absorption

http://www.holisticonline.com/Remedies/anemia.htm

Spirulina and Malnutrition Baptiste ROUHIER Institut Polytechnique LaSalle Beauvais I. Introduction At the age where feeding the world becomes a real challenge, Africa is the area which is the most affected by malnutrition. Indeed, today, 95% (798 million) of the undernourished are in developing countries and almost one quarter (198 millions) of them are in the Sub-Saharan Africa. Besides, the quantity of food, people suffer from malnutrition; a deficiencies in nutrients due to prolonged consummation of a sin gle nutrient. FAO and the FMFH Partners, 2006 The main deficiencies are essential vitamins and minerals which mostly affect pr egnant women and children between 3 months and 6 years when the growth needs are the highest. These deficiencies can cause diseases like kwashiorkor (physical troubl es: pale face, members oedemas...), and other troubles with particular lacks. Today, more than 3.5 billion people are affected by iron deficiency which can re sult in growth retardation, low resistance to disease, long-term impairment in mental an d motor development and impaired reproductive functions; it contributes to approximately 20 percent of pregnancy-related deathscauses. It also causes anaemia by diminution of the hemoglobine rate. 2 billion people are at risk of iodine deficiency which causes intellectual retardations. Finally, 200 million pre-school children are affected by insufficient vitamin A which can result in blindness or death among children. It contributes to decreased physical growth and impaired resistance to infections, with increased mortality in young children as a consequence. In these conditions, the intellectual and the economical development of these co untries are affected and unable any reaction. Indeed, 200 millions of the 850 chronically undernourished are children under fi ve years old. During this period of growth, malnutrition causes irreversible troubl es of growth retardation and illnesses. Under these conditions, children can't study pro perly and compromise their future capacity of working. Furthermore, women touched by malnutrition carry on the vicious cycle of malnutrition by giving birth to low b irthweight babies. Against these plague, states, international organizations and NGOs try to find s olutions to improve this situation. For that, a blue alga called spirulina has been found and presented by some of the actors as one of the best ways to fight durably and eff ectively

against malnutrition. II. The characteristics and benefits of spirulina 1. History Spirulina has been used for years. In his memories, Corts the Spanish colonizer r elates the utilization of the algae by the Aztec. It was consumed in dried palets; the tecuitlatl. Later, the benefits of the algae were rediscovered by Europeans in Tchad, Africa where Spirulina has always been used as food complement by the Kanembous tribes. Today , spirulina is consumed in Africa as a cure with less than 10g per day. It is take n pure or with another product to mask the strong taste of the algae. In the 80s, seeing the multiple benefits of the alga, scientists started researc hes to determine where the spirulina effects were coming from. 2. Taxonomy of spirulina Actually, spirulina is a cyanobactery, Gram +. Like the other blue algae, spirulina is able to photosynthesis and so to produce its own organic matter. There are more than 39 species but for its composition stability and balance of nutrients, Spirulina platensis is the specie most used in developing countries cultures. Spirulina classification Domain Bacteria Kingdom Archaeplastida Division Cyanobacteria Class Cyanophyceae Order Oscillatoriales Family Pseudanabaenaceae Subfamily Spirulinoideae Genus Spirulina 3. Nutritional contribution of spirulina Proteins The rate of protein in Spirulina is high and represents between 60% and 70% of t he dry matter (Clment 1975b, Fox 1999) what is more than fish (25%) or than soya (35%) (Henrikson 1994). With this rate of protein, 10g of spirulina bring between 6g a nd 7g of protein which represent almost 50% of a 10kg child needs. However, for the adult s, the interest of spirulina as a hyperprotein ingredient is limited. The composition of protein is balanced in amino acids and contains more than 40% of essential amino acids (Borowitzka 1988) like isoleucine (IIe), leucine (Leu), Ly sine (Lys), methionine (Met), phenylalanine (Phe), threonine (Thr), tryptophane (Trp) , and valine (Val). However, composition of Spirulina is too low in sulphured amineo acids (cystine a nd methionines) which are essential for malnourished people and especially children . Even if it contains a large part of essential amino acids, spirulina must be ass ociated with other protein sources rich in amino acids. We will use cereals rich in sulp hured

amineo acids like rice mil which are common in Africa or legumes like sesame or pea. Mineral and vitamins Spirulina brings a large panel of minerals and vitamins. L. Charpy ; M-J Langlade ; R.Alliod vitamin and minerals (g) needs per day for a child between 6 and 23 months (g) content in 10g of spirulina (g) Iron 7-11 5,8-18 Vitamin A 300-500 1560-3780 Vitamin B1 0,2-0,5 0,35-0,5 Vitamin B2 0,4-0,6 0,3-0,5 Vitamin B3 1,5-8 13 Phosphorus 54-460 67-90 Magnesium 54-85 20-30 Brass 0,2-0,4 0,08-0,1 Calcium 270-525 13-140

On the one hand, spirulina covers all the needs in vitamin B1, B2, B3 and phosph orus. It also provides a non negligible quantity of brass, magnesium and calcium. Howe ver, its real interest resides in its capacity to bring Iron and vitamin A which are one of the most deficient elements in malnutrition. Indeed, spirulina brings between 5.8 g a nd 18g of Iron for a need between 7 and 11g. Otherwise, spirulina is composed by bcarotene which produces vitamin A. With its rate of b-carotene spirulina can bring between 1560 g and 3780 g of vitamin A which is so much more than the required 300g or 500g.Hopefully only the quantity needed is transformed into vitamin A that protects the consumers against hypervitaminoses. On the other hand, we can mark that spirulina doesn't bring any iodine or zinc whi ch are one of the most important deficiencies in malnourished countries. To cure io dine and vitamin E deficiency, we will need another food complement. Other compounds Some other compounds of spirulina would have antioxydative, anti-inflammatory, anticancer antiviral, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective and immunoenhancing prop erties. Most of these effects would be associated with antioxydative effect by substance s like selenium, carotenoid, phenolics, essential fatty acids and phycocyanins. Essenti al fatty acids constitute more than of spirulina fatty acids and are mainly constituted b y linoleique (C18:2) and linolenique (C18:3) acids. The phycocyanine is the blue p igment of the algae and its concentration is determined by the light intensity. Even if complementary scientific studies have to be done to valid all the differ ent positive effects of spirulina, these effects do not stop to be proved by local e

xperiences. However, if the FAO contributes to spirulina development, other international organization like WHO (World Health Organization) or NGOs like WFP (world food program) and ACF (Action Contre la Faim) do not support spirulina. They are wait ing for more studies to analyze more precisely the effects of the algae. 4. Spirulina exploitation Spirulina can be easily cultivated in basins of about 6 by 3 meters. Spirulina i s perfectly adapted to the hot and dry conditions of Africa and grows in hot climate between 25 and 40 degrees. All you need is a tank of water about 20 centimeters deep, some ligh t heat and a mixture of alkaline solution and fertilizers which are absorbed by the alg ae and contribute to avoid any risk of pollution. With this kind of culture, experts fr om NGOs estimate the average productivity at about 6g per m per day. The production process is relatively easy and can be done by village people. Reg ularly the water of the basins has to be blended to prevent spirulina to enter in dorma ncy. Every day, spirulina is harvested with large filters which keep the spirulina an d release the water. Then spirulina is pressed and dried in threads which will be conserve d before the use. Spirulina exploitation: filtration III. Spirulina today and tomorow Spirulina has the advantage to be a natural product which can be grown by local structures leading to a local autonomy. Today, there are about 45 spirulina farm in Africa, spread over 18 countries.On average, 28% of their production is distribu ted and the rest is sold in pharmacies, cooperatives, on the internet or directly from t he farm. In Burkina Faso, in collaboration with l'OCADES and TECHNAP, the government and the health minister led a large project in Nayalgu. Financed over 5 years, the 1 455 000 project had the target to create a perennial and autonomous corporation . Furthermore, the sales made by spirulina had to enable the distribution of a par t of the production in areas touched by malnutrition. Today the project has 1200m of basin s and is going to rise 3600m. However, after more than 20 years since its rediscovery, spirulina is not very f amous yet and most people don't know the benefits of the algae and its strong taste comb ined with green color does not push the consummation. For these reasons, students from the Institut Lasalle Beauvais tried for few mon ths to find solutions to make spirulina more attractive to the consummation. Indeed, So phie GHESQUIER, a fifth year student decides helped by Lasalle Beauvais Institute to create the project Vitaspir. After having found a NGO interested in developing a new pr oduct based on spirulina, she offers to make spirulina marmalade in two concentrations : a 2%

one designated to be sold, and a 4% one designated to be distributed to malnouri shed people. Indeed, the benefits made by the 2% marmalade were used to finance the confection and the distribution of the 4% one. Vitaspir project: spirulina marmalade Along the same idea, Vitanutril sells products spirulina based like spirulina mix ed with mashed spinach or cereal bars (http://www.sunosi.fr/Gamme.htm). They are popular product in which the strong spirulina taste has been hidden. With the fu nds collected in Europeen sales, the corporation finances projects involved in spiru lina development in Africa. IV. Conclusion Even if spirulina does not fill some deficiencies (iodine), spirulina brings all vitamin A, vitamin B, and iron needs and a signifiant quantity of other essential minerals like brass, magnesium and calcium. With a recommendation of 10g per day, its rate of protein between 60% and 70% contributes to bring the major part of protein needs of a ch ild (50%). In this condition, the algae can be considered as a real ingredient. Furthermore, comparing with other complements like enriched flours distributed b y international organizations (OMC), spirulina has different advantages: first, spirulina doesn't have only nutritive benefits but also contributes to rein force immune system and even if these effects still have to be proven by scientific st udies, spirulina is recognized and used by NGOs and FAO yet. Finally, where enriched flours are imported from Europe, spirulina is produced o n the premises which create an economical activity and an autonomy that these areas of the world have lost. So, at the age of modernity where technologies become more and more performing a nd impressive, that is one of the oldest forms of life and the oldest food compleme nt used by humanity which affirms itself as one of the best solutions against malnutriti on and gives hope back to developing countries. References 1: Can Spirulina be considered as benefic for health and development in Africa? DPEI, DGPEI / Research Institute for development, L. Charpy ; M-J Langlade ; R.Alliod. 01/08/2008 http://agriculture.gouv.fr/sections/publications/etudes/spiruline-peut-elle-etre 1808 2: TECHNAP projects in Africa: http://www.technap-spiruline.org/content/view/7/. 30/072009. 3: Innovation Project, Sophie GESQUIER. 4th June 2008, Institut Polytechnique Lasalle Beauvais. 5: Hunger and Malnutrition, FAO and the FMFH Partners, 2006, http://www.feedingminds.org/info/info_level.htm 6: Visit a local culture of spirulina in Madurai, Antenna Technologies, 05/01/20 08 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U6cslNtc6P4&feature=channel_page 7: Vitanutril products, Sunosi, 19/07/2009: http://www.sunosi.fr/Gamme.htm