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Cover systems
Vegetation Soil layer Geotextile filter (if needed) Drainage layer Geomembrane liner
Flow Capacity
In service conditions of a drainage layer on a slope subjected to a uniform rate of liquid supply:
Calculations are needed for the Liquid Head and Liquid Thickness
Maximum liquid thickness (or maximum head) as a function of: Drainage length, L Slope angle, Liquid supply rate, qh Hydraulic conductivity of drainage layer, k
> 0.25
tmax
xm
0.25
~ 0
Approximate solution (1%) Slightly conservative relative to McEnroes equations Very simple (one simple equation instead of three) No numerical problems Has been used in numerous landfill designs
Simplified Equation
Simplified Equation
Incorrect Equations:
Moores equation (1980)
Only in the case of geocomposite drains, can use the hydraulic transmissivity, :
Application area Retaining walls Surface water drains for covers Leachate Collection and Removal Systems (LCRS) Leachate Detection Systems (LDS)
RFin
1.3 1.5 1.3 - 1.5
RFcr
1.2 1.4 1.2 1.4
RFcc
1.1 1.5 1.0 - 1.2
RFbc
1 1.5 1.2 1.5
1.5 - 2.0
1.4 2.0
1.5 - 2.0
1.5 - 2.0
1.5 - 2.0
1.4 2.0
1.5 - 2.0
1.5 - 2.0
HELP Model
General Basis:
Quasi 2-D Deterministic Water balance
Simplifying Assumptions:
Only gravitational forces are responsible for water flow ET depth is predefined Soil moisture content of barrier layers always remains at field capacity
Input Parameters:
Weather data Soil data Design data
Waste
Lateral Drainage
Lateral Drainage
Leakage
Percolation
Equations for double slope Equations for double layer Equations for radial flow
Upstream section
Downstream section
up
Soil layer Drainage layer Geomembrane liner Drain
down
Upstream section
Downstream section
down
Drain
liner
Ejemplos: DiseodeSistemasdeDrenaje
Jorge G. Zornberg, Ph.D., P.E.
The University of Texas at Austin, USA
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