World Coal Statistics

http://www.worldcoal.org/resources/coal-statistics/

Coal provides 26.5% of global primary energy needs and generates 41.5% of the world's electricity
Total Global Hard Coal Production

5845Mt (2008e) 5442Mt (2007) 3489Mt (1990)

Total Global Brown Coal/Lignite Production

951Mt (2008e) 956Mt (2007)

Brown coal production decreased by 0.4% in 2008. Germany remains the worlds largest brown coal producer, despite production decreasing by around 2.8% in 2008. Brown coal production increased in India, Indonesia and Turkey. Reserves Coal reserves are available in almost every country worldwide, with recoverable reserves in around 70 countries. At current production levels, proven coal reserves are estimated to last 122 years. In contrast, proven oil and gas reserves are equivalent to around 42 and 60 years at current production levels respectively. Over 67% of oil and 66% of gas reserves are concentrated in the Middle East and Russia. Top Ten Hard Coal Producers (2008e) 2761Mt 1007Mt 490Mt 325Mt 247Mt Indonesia South Africa Kazakhstan Poland Colombia 246Mt 236Mt 104Mt 84Mt 79Mt

PR China USA India Australia Russia

Global Hard Coal Consumption 1990 3461Mt 2007 5415Mt 2008e 5814Mt

World

Selected Regional Aggregate Estimates OECD Europe OECD North America OECD Pacific PR China 14% 22% 6% 30% 7% 19% 7% 45% 7% 18% 6% 46%

Coal in Electricity Generation Coal is the major fuel used for generating electricity worldwide - countries heavily dependent on coal for electricity include (2007): South Africa Poland PR China Australia Coal & Steel Approximately 13% (around 717Mt) of total hard coal production is currently used by the steel industry and almost 70% of total global steel production is dependent on coal. International Hard Coal Trade (Source: IEA - www.iea.org) Steam 299Mt 421Mt 676Mt Coking 199Mt 187Mt 262Mt Total Trade 498Mt 608Mt 938Mt 94% 93% 81% 76% Israel Kazakhstan India Czech Rep 71% 70% 68% 62% Morocco Greece USA Germany 57% 55% 49% 49%

1990 2000 2008

Development of Seaborne Trade (Source: SSY - www.ssyonline.com)

1986 1996 2006

Atlantic 74Mt 125Mt 240Mt

Steam Coal Pacific 59Mt 139Mt 330Mt

Atlantic 61Mt 70Mt 72Mt

Coking Coal Pacific 81Mt 103Mt 129Mt

Since 1986, seaborne steam coal trade has increased on average by about 7.5% p.a and seaborne coking coal trade by 1.8% p.a. Top Coal Exporters (2008e) Total of which 252Mt 203Mt 101Mt 74Mt 74Mt 62Mt 47Mt Steam 115Mt 173Mt 86Mt 74Mt 35Mt 61Mt 43Mt Coking 137Mt 30Mt 15Mt 39Mt 1Mt 4Mt

Australia Indonesia Russia Colombia USA South Africa PR China

Top Coal Importers (2008e) Total of which 186Mt 100Mt 66Mt 60Mt 46Mt 46Mt 44Mt Steam 128Mt 76Mt 60Mt 31Mt 37Mt 35Mt 37Mt Coking 58Mt 24Mt 6Mt 29Mt 9Mt 11Mt 7Mt

Japan Korea Chinese Taipei India Germany PR China UK

Sources: BP, IEA, World Steel Association, SSY, WEC (e = estimated) (Mt = Million tonnes) September 2009