VLSM Exercise 2 Answer Key 10.21.128.

0/17 (No Route Summarization)

Host Count
3000
000
2000
1000
1000
1000
1000
500
500
500
250
250
250
125
125
125
60
30
2
2
2
2
2
2
2

ID
10.21.128.0
10.21.144.0
10.21.152.0
10.21.160.0
10.21.164.0
10.21.168.0
10.21.172.0
10.21.176.0
10.21.178.0
10.21.180.0
10.21.182.0
10.21.183.0
10.21.184.0
10.21.185.0
10.21.185.128
10.21.186.0
10.21.186.128
10.21.186.192
10.21.186.196
10.21.186.200
10.21.186.204
10.21.186.208
10.21.186.212
10.21.186.216
10.21.186.220

Broadcast
10.21.143.255
10.21.151.255
10.21.159.255
10.21.163.255
10.21.167.255
10.21.171.255
10.21.175.255
10.21.177.255
10.21.179.255
10.21.181.255
10.21.182.255
10.21.183.255
10.21.184.255
10.21.185.127
10.21.185.255
10.21.186.127
10.21.186.191
10.21.186.195
10.21.186.199
10.21.186.203
10.21.186.207
10.21.186.211
10.21.186.215
10.21.186.219
10.21.186.223

SNM
/20
/21
/21
/22
/22
/22
/22
/23
/23
/23
/24
/24
/24
/25
/25
/25
/26
/27
/30
/30
/30
/30
/30
/30
/30

The WAN subnets could come from three places. In the key, I simply continued
subnetting down the list. They could also come from the very end of the range, which
would look like this:
Host Count
2
2
2
2
2
2
2

ID
10.21.255.224
10.21.255.228
10.21.255.232
10.21.255.236
10.21.255.240
10.21.255.244
10.21.255.248

Broadcast
10.21.255.229
10.21.255.231
10.21.255.235
10.21.255.239
10.21.255.243
10.21.255.247
10.21.255.251

SNM
/30
/30
/30
/30
/30
/30
/30

There is another possibility. If you consider the entire IP range provided, it turns out that
the half-way mark is 10.21.192.0, so you could take the /30 subnets out of the last IPs of
the first half:
Host Count
2
2
2
2
2
2
2

ID
10.21.191.228
10.21.191.232
10.21.191.236
10.21.191.240
10.21.191.244
10.21.191.248
10.21.191.252

Broadcast
10.21.191.231
10.21.191.235
10.21.191.239
10.21.191.243
10.21.191.247
10.21.191.251
10.21.191.255

SNM
/30
/30
/30
/30
/30
/30
/30

VLSM Exercise 2 Answer Key 10.21.128.0/17 (Route Summarization)

The boxes represent areas where we will summarize our addresses. The large, boldfaced, underlined, and italicized numbers are the closest powers of 2 we can use to
accommodate the combined host counts for each box.
The entire network, including the WAN subnets, requires 32768 addresses, which uses
our entire range of 10.21.128.0 10.21.127.255. (A /17 mask indicates 15 host bits in
the subnet mask. 2^15 = 32768.)
Therefore, 10.21.128.0 /17 becomes our first summary address. If we wanted to advertise
our entire IP scheme with a summarized route, we would use 10.21.128.0 /17
Now look at the boxes made of dashed lines. These are the next tier of our scheme. We
need to start at 10.21.128.0 and create subnets to accommodate the total host counts in
each of these boxes. Listed from largest to smallest, we have:

DOTTED BOX
Host Count
16384
8192
128

ID
10.21.128.0
10.21.192.0
10.21.255.0

Broadcast
10.21.191.255
10.21.223.255
10.21.255.127

SNM
/18
/19
/25

Notice that I took the last range out of the back end of the range to avoid fragmenting
my remaining address space.
Each of these ranges can be used as summary routes for all IPs within the dashed boxes.
Now look at the left dashed box. It contains three solid boxes. Listed from largest to
smallest, we have
LEFT DASHED BOX
Host Count
8192
2048
512

ID
10.21.128.0
10.21.160.0
10.21.168.0

Broadcast
10.21.159.255
10.21.167.255
10.21.169.255

SNM
/19
/21
/23

These networks can serve as summarized routes for all IPs within the solid boxes. If we
break down the solid boxes inside the right dashed box, we get
RIGHT DASHED BOX
Host Count
4096
2048
1024

ID
10.21.192.0
10.21.208.0
10.21.216.0

Broadcast
10.21.207.255
10.21.215.255
10.21.219.255

SNM
/20
/21
/22

The top dashed box is easiest of all. Once we subnet it out, Router A is done.
TOP DASHED BOX
Host Count
60
30
4 (A to Cloud)

ID
10.21.255.0
10.21.255.64
10.21.255.252

Broadcast
10.21.255.63
10.21.255.95
10.21.255.255

SNM
/26
/27
/30

Now we take each of the ranges we devised for the right and left dashed boxes, and
subnet them to accommodate the host counts in the round balloons. Then well be
finished.

ROUTER B
Host Count
250
125
4 (B to A)

ID
10.21.168.0
10.21.169.0
10.21.169.252

Broadcast
10.21.168.255
10.21.169.127
10.21.169.255

SNM
/24
/25
/30

ID
10.21.128.0
10.21.144.0
10.21.152.0
10.21.159.252

Broadcast
10.21.143.255
10.21.151.255
10.21.155.255
10.21.159.255

SNM
/20
/21
/22
/30

ID
10.21.160.0
10.21.164.0
10.21.166.1
10.21.167.252

Broadcast
10.21.167.255
10.21.165.255
10.21.166.255
10.21.167.255

SNM
/22
/23
/24
/30

ID
10.21.192.0
10.21.200.0
10.21.207.252

Broadcast
10.21.199.255
10.21.203.255
10.21.207.255

SNM
/21
/22
/30

ID
10.21.216.0
10.21.220.0
10.21.222.0
10.21.223.252

Broadcast
10.21.219.255
10.21.221.255
10.21.222.127
10.21.223.255

SNM
/22
/23
/25
/30

ID
10.21.208.0
10.21.212.0
10.21.214.0
10.21.215.252

Broadcast
10.21.211.255
10.21.213.255
10.21.214.127
10.21.215.255

SNM
/22
/23
/25
/30

ROUTER C
Host Count
3000
2000
1000
4 (C to B)

ROUTER D
Host Count
1000
500
250
4 (D to B)

ROUTER E
Host Count
2000
1000
4 (E to A)

ROUTER F
Host Count
1000
500
125
4 (F to E)

ROUTER G
Host Count
1000
500
125
4 (G to E)