Fire Detection Alarm System - 6 Oct 2009

MS1745Part14;FireDetectionandFireAlarmSystem,Guidelinesfor
Planning,Design,Installation,Commissioning,UseandMaintenance
P a g e |1
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |2
Abstract
Fire alarm and detection as passive system is the most commonly

prescribed system for fire protection.
This paper summarises the prescription on design practice for fire
detection and alarm system contain in MS1745 Part 14
An introductory section pertaining to the liability / responsibility of
the professional engineer is included.
Ir. H.P. Looi, (6th October 2009)
This presentation summarises the prescription on design practice for fire detection and alarm
system contained in MS 1745 Part 14. A comparative description of some key prescriptions of BS
58391 which mirrors those in MS 1745 14 are also included. The introductory missive on
professional liabilities shows that proficiency in technical standards is a statutory requirement for
engineerssubmittingplansundertheStreet,DrainageandBuildingAct.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |3
CONTENTS
Introduction; Submitting Engineers Responsibilities
Overview & Structure of MS1745
Introduction, Scope, General; Design Flow
Assessing Needs, Planning Design
Circuit Survivability
Detection Zones
Initiating Devices; Siting & Spacing of Detectors, Manual
Break Glass, Alam
Detection Zones
Power Supplies; Cables & Interconnections, Fire Rated
Cables; EMC
Installation, Work Acceptance, Maintenance, Operation
Applications in Special Risk
ThecontentflowmirrorsthecontentofMS174514.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |4
INTRODUCTION The Professional Engineers Responsibilities
The responsibilities of a Professional Engineer can be summarised:
From the above, we note that Civil Law is the most important legal requirement regulating the
conduct and practice of engineering. The Civil Law Act is applicable in all countries (including
countries with Socialist Justice System which would have a form of Civil Law). Thus it would be
pertinent to note that the professional engineer will be regulated by Civil Law even in countries
whichdonothaveanyformofregisteringprofessionalengineers.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |5
Professional responsibility & Duty of Care

1 Professionalism requires the Engineer to place public interest
and his clients interest above his own.
2 Action may be taken by the public suffering damages against
any tortfeasor (wrong-doer) causing such damage.
3 In negligence tort, the professional engineer owes a duty of
care to the public and his client.
Highland Tower Ruling, K.L. High Court, Aug 2000:
the learned judge ruled that ... the unqualified architect who undertook the
works would be judged on the standard of a reasonably qualified architect ..
Thus even an unregistered engineer who practices engineering will be liable
under Civil Law!
UnderprinciplesofCivilLaw,evenanunregisteredengineerwillbeheldliablefornegligenceonce
professionalengineeringservicesareoffered.Firefightingcontractorswhoprovideservices(inthe
absenceofanyprofessionalengineer)willthereforebeheldresponsibleintheeventofnegligence
anddamagecausedtothepublic.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |6
Where does it requires that a P.Eng MUST

be responsible ?
STREET, DRAINAGE AND BUILDING ACT 1974 ACT 133

Preamble
An Act to amend and consolidate the laws relating to street,
drainage and building in local authority areas in West
Malaysia, and for purposes connected therewith.
UndertheStreet,DrainageandBuildingActallbuildingsandstructuresareregulatedbythelocal
authorities.Thuspermissionmustbesoughtbeforeanybuildingorstructurecanbeerected.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |7
Street, Drainage And Building ACT 1974 ACT 133

Part I, 3. Interpretation
"principal submitting person" means a qualified person who submits
building plans to the local authority for approval in accordance with
this Act or any by-laws made thereunder and includes any other
qualified person who takes over the duties and responsibilities of or
acts for the first mentioned qualified person;
"qualified person" means a Professional Architect, Professional
Engineer or building draughtsman registered under any written law
relating to the registration thereof;
"submitting person" means a qualified person who submits plans
other than building plans to the local authority or relevant statutory
authority in accordance with this Act or any by-laws made thereunder
and includes any other qualified person who takes over the duties and
responsibilities of or acts for the first mentioned qualified person;
The Street, Drainage and Building Act very clearly requires that only registered Architect and/or
Engineersareallowedtosubmitplanstolocalauthority.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |8
How
many who
claims
to
be
practitioner has a
copy of the UBBL?
MS 1745 : Part 14
MS 1745 : Part 5 & 6
TheaboveliststypicalstatutorydeclarationswhichtheEngineerwillhavetomakeinthesubmission
ofplans.Twoconclusionscanbedrawnfromtheabove:
(1)
(2)
Thesubmittingengineermustbeproficientinthetechnicalstandardsofwhichhesignsoff
his design. This includes proficiency in the Uniform Building ByLaw. A corollary to the
aforesaidwouldbethatengineersarealsorequired(underprinciplesofCivilLaworTort
Laws) to maintain his expertise; meaning that he must keep his knowledge abreast of
currentpractice(includingupdatestotechnicalstandards).
Listing of technical standards must be updated to take into account latest revision and
updatestostandardsapplicableinstatutorydeclarations.
TheStandardsofMalaysiaAct1996(Act549)prescribesthatMalaysiaStandardhasprimacyover
otherinternationalrecognisedstandards.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |9
Certification of
Completion and
Compliance
CertificationofCompletionandCompliance(C.C.C.)whichcameintoforceonApril2007,placesthe
primary responsibility for issuance of building O.C.F. (Occupation Certificate of Fitness) on the
submittingperson(theregisteredarchitectand/orengineer).Itshouldalsobenoted(formG8)that
theaccountabilityofthecontractorresponsiblewillbeagrowingtopicofnationaldiscussions.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |10
10
Overview of MS 1745
Part 1 Introduction
Part 2 Control and Indicating Equipment
Part 3 Audible Fire Alarm Devices
Part 4 Power Supply Equipment
Part 5 Heat Detectors Point detectors
Part 7 Smoke detectors point detectors using scattered light,
transmitted light or ionisation
Part 10 Flame Detectors Point detectors
Part 11 Manual Call Points
Part 12 Smoke Detectors Line detectors using an optical light beam.
Part 13 Compatibility Assessment of Systems Components,
Part 14 Guidelines for Planning, Design, Installation, Commissioning, Use
and Maintenance
Part 15 Multisensor Fire Detectors
ThecompleteseriesofMS1745islistedabove.Itshouldbenotedthatthispresentationwillfocuson
Part 14 as the rest of the standards are product standards. Understanding technical standards
requiresabasicideaontypesofstandards:
(1)
(2)
(3)
BasicStandardsaregeneralstandardsdealingwithtopicsusedbyotherstandards;e.g.
terminology,testingtechniques,definitionofhazardclassetc.
ProductStandardsdealswithspecifyingtheproductitselfandcanbesubdividedinto3
subclass:
(a)
MaterialStandards;qualityofPVC,ferrousmetalusedinpipesetc.
(b) ComponentStandards;valve,proximityswitch,hydrants,detectors,metersetc.
(c)
Assembly Standards; builtup unit from components, e.g. alarm panels which is an
assemblyofcomponentssuchasfuses,controlmodulesetc.
Installation Standards are general standards dealing with integration of various
components,assembliesandequipmentforaspecificapplication.Part14oftheMS1745
serieswouldbeaninstallationstandard.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |11
11
Overview of MS 1745
EN54 part 1 Introduction

EN54 part 2 Control and Indication Equipment
EN54 part 3 Fire alarm devices, Sounders
EN54 part 4 Power supply equipment
EN54 part 5 Heat detectors, point detectors
EN54 part 6 Heat detectors, rate of rise point detectors without static element
{WITHDRAWN}
EN54 part 7 - Smoke detectors, point detectors using scattered light, transmitted
light or ionisation
EN54 part 8 - Components of automatic fire detection systems. Spec. for high temp.
heat detectors {WITHDRAWN}
EN54 part 9 Components of automatic detection systems. Method of test of
sensitivity to fire.
EN54 part 10 Flame Detectors Point detectors
EN54 part 11 Manual Call Points
EN54 part 12 Smoke Detectors Line detectors using an optical light beam.
EN 54 part 13 Compatibility Assessment of Systems Components,
EN 54 part 14 Cabling and interconnection of a fire detection and alarm system
It can be noted that part 6 and 8 have been withdrawn. MS1745 do not include part 6, 8 and 9.
Beyondpart13however,MS1745divergefromEN54.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |12
12
Overview of MS 1745
EN54 part 15 Point detectors using a combination of detected fire phenonmena

EN54 part 16 Components of fire alarm system voice alarm system, voice alarm
control and indicating equipment.
EN54 part 17 Fire detection and fire alarm systems. Short circuit isolators
EN 54 part 18 Fire detection and fire alarm systems. Input/output devices
EN 54 part 19
EN 54 part 20 Fire detection and fire alarm systems. Aspirating smoke detector
EN 54 part 21 Fire detection and fire alarm systems. Alarm transmission and fault
warning routing equipment
EN 54 part 22 Fire detection and fire alarm systems. Line type heat detectors
EN 54 part 23 Fire detection and fire alarm systems. Fire alarm devices. Visual
alarms
EN 54 part 24 Fire detection and fire alarm systems . Voice alarms - Loudspeakers
EN 54 part 25 Fire detection and fire alarm systems. Components using radio links
and system requirements
EN 54 part 26 Fire detection and fire alarm systems. Point fire detectors using
Carbon Monoxide sensors
EN 54 part 27 Fire detection and fire alarm systems. Duct smoke detectors
TherestofEN54seriesislistedabove.Thuspractitionersrequiringstandardsoncomponentsnot
listedunderMSmayrefertothestandardslistedabove.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |13
13
Overview of MS 1745
BS 5839 Fire Detection and Alarm Systems for Buildings

Part 1 : 2002 - Code of practice for system design, installation,
commissioning and maintenance
Part 2 : 1983 - Specification for manual call points (withdrawn
and since replaced with BS EN 54-11:2002)
Part 3 : 1988 - Specification for automatic release mechanisms
for certain fire protection equipment
Part 4 : 1988 - Specification for control and indicating equipment
(withdrawn and replaced by BS EN54-2 Control and indicating
equipment and BS EN54-4 Power supply equipment)
continue next page
BS 5839 is the standard which most practitioners follow in this country. A listing of the BS 5839
seriesisshownabove.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |14
14
Overview of MS 1745
BS 5839 Fire Detection and Alarm Systems for Buildings

Part 5 : 1988 Specification for optical beam smoke detectors
Part 6 : 1985 Code of practice for the design and installation of
fire detection and alarm systems in dwellings
Part 8 : 1988 Code of practice for the design, installation and
servicing of voice alarm system
Part 9 : 2003 Code of practice for the design, installation,
commissioning and maintenance of emergency voice
communication systems
ListingofBS5839series.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |15
15
Structure of MS 1745 Part 14

MS 1745 Part 14 Fire Detection and Alarm Systems for Buildings, Guidelines
for planning, design, installation, commissioning, use and maintenance
0 Introduction
Annex A Maintenance Check List
1 Scope
Annex B Dealing with False Alarm
2 Normative References
Annex C Model Certificates
3 Terms and Reference
4 General
5 Assessment of Needs
6 Planning and Design
7 Installation
8 Commissioning and Verification
9 Third Party Approval
10 Documentations
11 Maintenance
12 Modification or Extension of an Installed System
13 Operation of Other Fire Protection System
14 Application in Special Risk
15 Integrated Systems
16 Hierarchical Systems
AsummaryoftheSectionheadingsofMS1745part14showsthetopicswhicharecoveredinthe
standard.Section5and6constituteasubstantivepartofthestandard.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |16
16
MS 1745 Part 14 Introduction and Scope

0 Introduction
MS 1745 is meant to be a guide, i.e. it is not mandatory.
It will become mandatory if specified in another document or by an
authority having power.
2 Scope
Covers planning, design, installation, commission, operation and
maintenance of system.
System covered at least one detector.
DO NOT :
Do not cover systems combining fire alarm with other non-fire related
functions e.g. fire alarm hard-wired as part of a BMS.
Do not recommend whether fire alarm (including the type and extent)
to be installed in any premises
MS174514iswordedasaGuide,i.e.itdonotcarrymandatoryrequirement.Howeverwhereitis
cited in specifications, it become (contractually) mandatory. Citation or claims that a system
compliestoMS174514alsoconfersmandatorystatustothestandard.
MS174514DONOTrecommendthetype,extentandscopeoffiredetectionandalarmsystemto
beinstalledinanybuilding.Forrecommendationonsystemandextentofcoverage,wewillhaveto
refertootherlegalprescription(notablytheUBBL).
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |17
17
MS 1745 Part 14 Normative Reference, Terms & definitions

2 Normative Reference.
Makes reference to ALL other parts of MS1745.
Parts 1 to 12 can be said to be product standards.
Therefore compliance to MS1745 requires that components must be
certified to conform to the relevant parts of MS 1745.
3 Terms and Definitions some important terms:

Competent person Person certified by an accredited body with
the necessary knowledge, skills and experience ...
Competent organisation Organisation which has under its
employment competent persons with the necessary knowledge,
skills, experience and tools to carry out the work satisfactorily.
Designer person or organisation taking responsibility for work in
Claus 6 (Planning and Design).
By normative reference, the components which will be specified and installed under this standard
will have to comply with the relevant product standard in the MS 1745 series. Where product
standardsarenotavailableinMS,thentheEN54serieswillhaveprecedence.
The standard also prescribed that competent person and organisation should be retained.
CompetentpersonintheMalaysiancontextandespeciallyunderthecontextoftheStreet,Drainage
andBuildingActwillbetheregisteredengineer.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |18
18
MS 1745 Part 14 General

Initial concept
Assessment of needs
Planning and design
1.
2.
3.
4.
Building risk group,

Space to be protected,
Type of system to be installed,
Interaction with other fire
protection measures
Installation
Commissioning and
verification
Third party approval

(optional)
1. Selecting and locating detectors,

2. Zoning of building/ alarm zones,
3. Provision for control, displays
and indications,
4. Provision of power supplies
Use / Operation
Maintenance
4 General provide general guidance on use of MS1745

Figure 1 in MS 1745 illustrates the process flow for compliance with MS 1745. As a
substantive portion of the standard deals with Assessment of Needs and Planning and
Design,thesubtopicsrelevanttothesetwotopicsarelistedasdecisionclouds.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |19
19
MS 1745 Part 14 General
4 General
4.2 Each of the process listed in Fig. 1 are assumed to be carried out by
different organisation.
4.3 Electrical safety is NOT covered in MS1745 but relevant legislative
requirements should be referred (MS 1979 and MS 1936).
4.4 Design to minimise false alarm (Annex B).
4.5 Warranties to be provided by suppliers and manufacturers.
4.6 Proper documentations at each stage (Annex C format certificates).
4.7 Responsibility of person to be clearly defined.
4.8 Persons or qualifications to be appropriately competent (cross
reference to definitions).
InClause4.3,thefollowingarerelevantelectricalstandardsandcodeswhicharemandatoryunder
theElectricitySupplyAct:
(1)
MS1979:2007"ElectricalInstallationofBuildingsCodeofPractice"
(2)
MS1936:2006ElectricalInstallationofBuildingGuidetoMSIEC60364"
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |20
20
MS 1745 Part 14 Assessment of Needs
MS 1745 DO NOT specify when, where and how fire

detection and alarm systems are installed.
Consult Client / Architect.
Understand space planning,
usage & operation needs.
Consult Life Safety Code

legally in force (UBBL).
System
Concept
Consult authorities having

jurisdiction (Jab. Bomba).
Consider integration with

existing / other systems
Consult Insurance company.
Consult installers.
continue next page
Assessmentofneedsisthefirststepindelvingintodetaildesignandspecification.AssessingNeeds
identify the overriding consideration, Protection of Life versus Protection of Property with over
ridingconsiderationofcostoperation,whichwilldefineadesignconceptandtheextentofcoverage
requiredwithinandwithoutapremise.
Consultationwithinsurancecompanyshould(intheauthorsopinion)beanimportantconsideration
in assessing needs as insurance premiums are not necessarily confined only to basic standard
prescribed under the law (UBBL). System designed and installed are frequently required to be
modified or have components changed, or even subsystem added after audit by an insurance
company.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |21
21

Uniform Building By Law (revised up to 2006)
Part VII FIRE REQUIREMENTS
153 Smoke detectors for lift lobbies.
225 Detecting and extinguishing fire
Systems to be provided in accordance with 10th Schedule.
237 Fire alarms
Premises G.F.A. >9,290M (exclude car park & storage area)
OR >30.5M in height
shall be provided with 2 stage alarm with evacuation (continuous
signal)
238 Command and control centre; Large premises > 30.5M in height
241 Special requirements for fire alarm systems.
Visible alarm indicator signal where there are deaf persons
244 Standards for Fire alarm FOC rules, BS CP 1019, BS 3116 & 5446
continue next page
EverypractitionerinthebuildingindustryshouldhaveacopyoftheUBBL.TheUBBL(notBomba
Officer)willbethefirststepinassessingtheneeds,extentandcoverageofsystemtobeincluded.
TheabovelistedbylawsintheUBBLpertainingtofirealarmanddetectionsystemhasrelevance.
ByLaw244howeverseemstobeoutdatedinitscitationofstandards:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Since1986theroleoftheFireOfficersCommittee(FOC),UKhasbeentakenoverbythe
LossPreventionCouncil(LPC,UK).
BSCP1019issupersededbyBS58391
BS 3116 part 1 : 1970 has since been withdrawn and superseded by BS 5839 (relevant
part).
BS3116part4wassupersededbyBS58394whichinturnwaswithdrawnandsuperseded
byEN544.
The original BS54461:1977 was superseded by BS54461:2000 (Fire detection and fire
alarm devices for dwellings. Specification for smoke alarms) which was withdrawn and
replacedwithBSEN14604:2005(smokealarmdevices)
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |22
22
UBBL, 10th Schedule prescribes

Fire alarm system prescribed in conjunction with other active fire
systems for the various building occupational hazard class are:
4 types of systems are prescribed:
1. Automatic Electrical Fire Alarm System
2. Manual Electrical Fire Alarm System
3. Signal Indicator Alarm System
4. Manual Alarm System
continue next page

The UBBL 10th Schedule is the most important document prescribing the extent and scope of
coverage required for the various building hazard class. Four types of fire alarm and detection
systemsarelisted.P
Participantsarerequestedtoconsult10thScheduleoftheUBBL.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |23
23
MS 1745 Part 14 Section 6 classifies fire alarm systems by extent

of coverage.
4 types of Automatic Fire Detection Systems coverage are defined:
1.Total cover covering all spaces in building
2.Compartment cover covering only parts (usually the most vulnerable
areas) of the building.
3.Escape route cover.
4.Local cover covering particular functions, special equipment or
areas of particularly high risk.
continue next page

MS174514definescoverageinfourgeneralclasses.Anassessmentonthecoveragerequiredwill
havetobemadebyacompetentpersonaspreviouslystatedandascoveredinthepreviousslide
theUBBL(especiallythe10thSchedule)willbethefirststepinassessingcoverage.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |24
24
BS 5839 1; coverage is defined based on clear needs:

Type P Protection of Properties
P1 All areas covered with detectors except voids less than

800mm in height
P2 Defined areas in a building having a high fire risk
Type L Protection of Life
L1
L2
L3
L4
L5
Same as P1 (all areas covered with detectors except voids)

Same as P2 but for areas of high fire risk to life
Protection of escape route
Protection of circulation area (2002 edition)
Fire engineered solution (2002 edition)
Type M Manual type

continue next page
Asacomparison,BS5839(ofwhichmostMalaysianpractitionerswouldclaimtobeproficientat
least going by the mandatory statutory declaration commonly made), assessing needs is more
nuance and clear. This clarity is especially important where insurers needs have to be clearly
declared. Practitioners should therefore, also consult BS 58391 in assessing the type of coverage
required. Appendix A appended with this presentation has some recommendations on coverage
basedonBS5839classification.
Participants (as an exercise) should compare the recommendations in Appendix A with UBBL, 10th
Schedule.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |25
25
MS 1745 Areas not needing cover:

1. Bathrooms, shower rooms, washrooms etc.
2. Vertical shafts/ cable ducts < 2M (proper fire stopped provided)
3. Unroofed loading bays
4. Unventilated frozen food stores gross volume < 20M.
MS 1745 Voids (under floor and above ceiling) need

independent cover by detectors:
1. Likely to be extensive spread of fire or smoke outside room of origin through
void before fire is detected by detectors outside void.
2. Need to protect cables of emergency system
MS 1745 Voids not requiring coverage:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Less than 1m in height.

Less than 10M in length
Less than 10M in width
Totally separated from other areas by incombustible material
Do not contain fire load densities in excess of 25MJ combustible material in 1M
Do not contain cables of emergency systems (unless cable are fire resist for
30min.)
Areaswhichdonotrequiredcoveragearelistedabove.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |26
26
MS 1745 14; Planning and Design
Designto
MinimiseFalse
Alarm(AnnexB)
Devices&Sub
Systems
Compatibility
Zoning
Compliance
toMS1745
Fault
Limitation
Detectors
Siting
(circuitsurvivability)
Detectors
Selection
After defining the concept and extent of coverage of the design, the practitioner is now ready to
develop a detail design. The chart above illustrates the sub topics which must be considered in
designingandspecifyingsystemsincompliancewithMS1745.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |27
27
MS1745 Circuit Survivability

Where devices integrate
more than 1 function use
isolating devices within
housing to limit single
cable fault.
In event of single short or open circuit:

1. Not more than 32 devices inoperable.
2. All inoperative devices in same zone.
3. All inoperative devices fulfill same function.
Single cable fault in any circuit cannot prevent
correct operation of:
1.Auto detection of fire
2.Operation of manual call points
3.Sounder
4.Tx/Rx of signals to i/o devices
5.Initiate operation of ancillary equip.
Single cable fault in any circuit cannot prevent
1.Initiation of a fire signal in an area greater
than allowed for a single detection zone;
2.Sounding of a fire signal in an area greater
than allowed for a single detection zone;
3.Operation of all alarm devices within a
building (i.e. at least 1 sounder must operate).
Amajortopic,afterhavingdecidedonasystemconceptandextentofcoverage,wouldbedesigning
circuitforfaultlimitation.InNFPA72(theothermajorfirestandardintheworld),faultlimitation
iscaptionascircuitsurvivabilitywhich(inmyopinion)isabetterconcepttocaptureindesigninga
failsafe system. MS 1745 14; prescribes circuitsurvivability in the terms listed above. Thus an
audit to check compliance with MS 1745 would require some test to prove circuitsurvivability as
listedabove.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |28
28

Two faults in any circuit do not prevent the operation of either detectors,
manual call points or alarm devices over floor area exceeding 10,000M OR
from more than 5 fire compartment whichever is the smaller.
Use max. 2 physical circuit per 10,000M .
Use max. of 2 physical circuit per 10,000m
Circuit
Survivability
Physically segregate zones by circuit.
forDummies!
Physically segregate sounder circuits.
Use ring/loop circuit if circuited across zone
Short circuit isolator recommended for ring circuits
to isolate segment of the ring in case of fault
without affecting the whole ring.
Start and return leg of loop/ring circuit to be
physically laid via separate route.
Ahardwiredimplementationoftheperformanceprescriptionforcircuitsurvivabilityislistedinthis
slide. The recommendations are just some steps which can be implemented and do not preclude
other steps which are particular to addressable systems. In addressable systems, devices are
typicallyconnectedinadaisychaininaloop,starorradialconfiguration.Thuscircuitsurvivability
(dependingontheaddressablehardware)willhavetobetakenintoaccountinsuchdataloops.It
would therefore be pertinent for practitioners to check with vendors of addressable system on
whetherandhowcompliancetoMS1745canbeeffected.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |29
29
Faults should be indicated in panels
Incorrect Wiring Method

Tee tapping any disconnection
beyond the tap will make inoperable
devices beyond tap. No trouble
signal will be indicated.
Correct Wiring Method

Supervisory monitoring of open
and short circuit possible.
MS1745(similartoBS58391)requiresthatcircuitfaultsshouldbeindicatedonmonitoringpanels.
In such case, the designer and installer will have to pay attention to the type of looping circuit in
connectingupdevicesasillustratedaboveandfollowingslide.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |30
30

NFPA 72 : 2002
NFPA72 classifies circuits into CLASS and STYLE
(1) Class A circuits are capable of transmitting an alarm signal
during a single open or a non-simultaneous single ground fault.
(2) Class B circuits are incapable of transmitting an alarm beyond
the location of the fault conditions specified for class A.
Types of circuits are further designated Style depending on its
ability to meet alarm and trouble performance during single-open,
single-ground, wire-to-wire short, loss of carrier etc.
Initiating Device Circuit (IDC) Styles A, B, C, D & E
Notification Appliances Circuit (NAC) Styles W, A, Y & Z
Signalling Line Circuit (SLC) Styles 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 6, 7
Whilst MS 1745 and BS 5839 defined circuitsurvivability in general performancebased terms,

NFPA 72 (North American) has detailed prescription on defining the class and style of circuit in
termsofmeetingalarmandtroubleperformancebasedonsingleopen,singlegroundandwireto
wireshort.
InitiatingDevicesrefertodeviceswhichinitiatesignalssuchasdetectors,flowswitchetc.
Notification Appliances refer devices which receives signal and act on the signal; e.g. alarm
sounders,visualindicatorsetc.
Signalling Line Circuit refers to circuit which transmit signal received from some IDC to another
monitoringorsupervisorypanel,e.g.wouldbeacircuittoarepeaterpanel.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |31
31
NFPA 72 : 2002
(1)
Class A circuits are capable of Supervision

is accomplished by monitoring the level of
current passing through the circuit and endof-line resistor.
(2)
The 4-wire loop nature of this circuitry

enables the control panel to condition the
looped circuit to single open and single
ground fault. This conditioning ensures that
all devices are capable of responding and
reporting an alarm despite a single-open or
single ground fault.
TheaboveexplainedtheconceptofaClassAcircuit.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |32
32
NFPA 72 : 2002
(1) Class B circuits. A single open disables all
devices electrically beyond the open.
(2) Increases or decreases in the low level
supervisory current through the circuit and
end-of-line, provide monitoring signal to the
control panel indicating alarm or fault
conditions.
TheaboveexplainstheconceptbehindaClassBcircuit.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |33
33
CORRECT METHOD
Incorrect Method
Corrrect wiring method 2 wire detectors
Incorrrect wiring method 2 wire detectors

TheaboveillustratescommonmistakesinwiringupcircuitforClassAneed.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |34
34
4-wire smoke detector employing a 3-wire connecting arrangement.

One side of power supply is connected to one side of initiating device circuit.
Wire run broken at each connection to smoke detector to provide supervision
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |35
35
MS 1745 14; Fire Detection Zones

(1) A single zone cannot exceed 1,600m
(2) If a zone extends beyond a single fire
compartment, the zone boundaries
should be boundaries of fire
compartments and the floor area of the
zone should not exceed 400m.
(3) Each zone should be restricted to a
single storey of the building unless
Fire
Compartment
(a) The zone consists of a stairwell,

light well etc. extending beyond one
storey but within one compartment.
(b) the total floor area of building <
300m, the whole building can be
one zone.
Basicprescriptiononzoning.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |36
36
MS 1745 14; Fire Detection Zone
(1) Fire compartments 1 & 2 can be

designed as 1 detection zone
provided
total
area
of
compartments 1 & 2 < 400m
(2) Total floor area of any one zone
cannot exceed 1,600m.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |37
..................................................................................................................................................................
37
MS 1745 14; Fire Detection Zone
Zone with more than 5 rooms:

(1)Indication of rooms should be
included in control/indicating panel,
OR
(2)Remote indicator lamps installed
outside each door to indicate room
in which detector has operated.
HeatDetector
Alarmindicatorlamp
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |38
38
MS 1745 14; Initiating Devices

Heat Detectors
Flame Detectors
Smoke Detectors
1 Fixedtemp
Fusible element
Continuous
Bimetal
2 RateofRise
1 UV
2 IR
3 UV/IR
line
spot
3 RateCompensation
Manual Switch
1 ionisation
2 Optical
3 Beam
line
spot
4 Combination
5 ElectronicSpot
Thermal
Thetypesofdetectorsareclassifiedintothetypesabove.Intermsofsensitivitysmokedetectorsare
moresensitivethanheatdetectors.Spottypeheatdetectorsarethemostcommon,whilstlineheat
detectorsareusedinspecialapplication.Smokedetectorscompriseof2maintypes(ionisationand
optical). Optical smoke detectors comprise of 2 types: the photoelectric detector and the beam
detectors. The following slide illustrates the applications of line (or linear detectors and beam
detectors).
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |39
39
Cable racks in service tunnels
Conveyors carrying coal dust.
Linear Heat Detectors
The above illustrates deployment of linear heat detectors in special risk applications (cable rack,
conveyorscarryinghazardousmaterialetc.).
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |40
40
Beam Smoke Detectors
Pre-stratified (variable
outside temperature)
based on
Variable stratification due to the fire
BEAM
Beam smoke detector

should be at height of
plumes max. diameter.
optical line of sight
Beamdetectorsdetectsmokebymeasuringtheobscuringofalightbeamduetosmoke.Theabove
illustratesapplicationofbeamsmokedetectorsinahighceilingapplication.
Otherspecialiseddetectorsareflamedetectorswhichhastwoprimarytechnologyofinfrared(IR)
or UV light detection. Flame detectors are useful in specialised application and the nature of the
flamewillhavetobeconfirmeddependingonthetypeofflammablematerial.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |41
41
MS 1745 14; Siting and Spacing of Detectors
Limit of ceiling
height for heat
detectors
Limit of ceiling
height for smoke
detectors
CEILING HEIGHT (M)

Detector Types
< 4.5
> 4.5 < 6
>6<8
> 8 < 11
> 8 < 25
> 25
Heat, Part 5 Grade 1
NN
NS
NS
Smoke, point, Part 7
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
NN
NS
Beam Part 12
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5(a)
NN
NS
NS = Not suitable for use in range of heights

NN = Not normally used in the range, but may be used in special applications.
(a)
A second layer of detectors will usually be necessary at about ceiling height.
Prescription on ceiling height and radius of coverage given is ONLY a guide. In actual practice the
practitionerwillhavetoconsultmanufacturersguideonradiusofcoverage(afterconfirmingwith
suitableconformancecertificationonvalidityofmanufacturersclaims.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |42
42
Pitch / Sloping Roof

(1) A/H < 5% ; Standard Spacing
(2) Pitch > 1 ; Detector spacing

to be increased by 1% for
each 1 of pitch up to a max.
increase of 25%.
In case of pitch roof, any pitch roof with depth to room height ratio of less than 5% can be
considered a smooth ceiling in which case the standard spacing table applies. However if the
aforesaid A/H ratio exceeds 5% then the recommended detector spacing is increased by 1% for
every1increaseinpitchuptoamaximumof25%.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |43
43
Ceiling irregularities
(1)
h/H < 5% ; Standard Spacing
(2)
D > 0.25 x (H-h) detector in every cell
Ceiling
beams
in
cell-like
arrangement, the internal volume
of the cells covered by a single
detector should not exceed:
(3)
D < 0.25 x (H-h) detector in every second cell
(1)Heat: V = 6m x ( H h )
(4)
D < 0.13 x (H-h) detector in every third cell
(2)Smoke: V = 12m x ( H h )
Wherebeamdepthisanissue,guidelinesformoderatingdetectorspacingarelistedabove.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |44
44

False Ceiling and Floors
Detectors sited above ceiling if

risk of fire starting above
ceiling and all conditions :
1.Ceiling perforation > 40% of
any 1m x 1m section of ceiling;
2.Each individual perforation
>10mm x 10mm
3.Thickness of ceiling > 3 X
min.
dimensions
of
perforation.
Detectors NOT required:

1.False floor is perforated; OR
2.False floor is fire rated class A11, A21 or 81 AND no fire load beneath
(e.g. cables).
Incaseoffalsefloorsandceilingrecommendationsoncoverageareincluded.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |45
45
Atria (high level

without ceiling)
Detectors installed in
absence of ceiling:
Rising
Plume
1.Place detectors in path

of rising plume.
2.Use beam detectors.
Floors Section
Hf
3.Effective operating
radius = 12.5% Hf
Incaseweredetectorsareinstalledwhereceilingarenotpresent,theeffectiveoperatingradiusof
detectorsarereduced.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |46
46

Detectors installed more than 500mm from any walls or obstruction.
Top of partition less than 300mm is considered to be a full height wall.
Detectors should not be sited 500mm from walls or obstruction. Obstruction include beams and
partitionswhicharenotmorethan300fromceiling.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |47
47

Supply Air Inlet > 1m/s
> 1M
Aspirated detectors where

air speed may be high or
varying widely.
Detectors should not be sited in front of fresh air inlet or exhaust and where (air conditioning)
supplyairinlethasairvelocitymorethan1m/s,itshouldbeatleast1maway.Incaseswherehigh
airvelocityisaconcern,aspiratedtypesmokedetectionsystemmaybeproposed.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |48
48
MS 1745 14; Manual Break Glass
Manualbreakglassshouldgenerallybesitedalongescaperoute.Thestandardrecommendsthata
personescapingfromafireshouldnottravelmorethan30mtoaccessamanualpullswitch.Manual
pull switch should be located as far as possible near exit stair case. Common mistakes are siting
manualpullswitchatdeadendsandawayfromescaperoute.Insuchacase,apersonwillhaveto
deviatefromtheescaperoutetoaccesstheswitchwhichpresentsadangertotheescapee.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |49
49
MS 1745 14; Alarm
> 65dBA OR
5dBA above ambient
Fire Door
Normal Door
30dBA
20dBA
<120dBA
> 75dBA; <120dBA
Recommendationsonsoundlevelislistedas65dB(A)OR5dB(A)abovegeneralambientsoundlevel
(whicheveristhehigher).Incasewhereoccupantisasleep(hotelrooms),soundlevelsshouldbe75
dB(A). Generally a fire door will contribute to about 30dB(A) reduction whilst a normal door will
contributetoabout30dB(A)reductioninsoundlevel.ThemaximumsoundlevelmusthoweverNOT
exceed120dB(A).ThusthedesignerwillhavetoplaceanumberoflowerdBAsoundersratherthan
onehighdBAsoundertocomplywiththisrequirement.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |50
50
MS 1745 14; Alarm
65dBA OR
5dBA above ambient
Sounders
1.At least 2 sounders in a
building.
2.At least 1 sounder in each fire
compartment.
3.Max level < 120dBA
4.Freq. 500Hz 2kHz
5.Sound should be distinct (not
to be confused with other alarm
e.g. lunch)
6.Sound to be continuous.
A guide on sound attenuation with distance is shown in the graph above. Other prescription on
soundersarealsolistedabove.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |51
51
Power Supplies
Primary supply
Isolator/ switch fuse to be dedicated
RCD as far as possible not to be used.
Switching of system due to maintenance, energy savings etc should not
affect supply.
Types Normal supply & Standby Supply
Batteries capacity 72 hours normal quiescent condition & 30min. alarm.
Battery capacity with guaranteed downtime less than 24 hours. If system is
locally or remotely supervised and/or a maintenance contract is in force
guaranteeing max. downtime of less than 24 hrs, then battery capacity can
be reduced to 30 hours operating and 30 min. alarm.
Prescriptiononthestandbycapacitiesofbatteriesarelistedabove.Notethereductionincapacity
allowedwheresupervisedmaintenancecontractorlocalmaintenance(competent)isavailable,the
keytermisaguaranteeddowntimeoflessthan24hoursincaseofsupplyfailure.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |52
52
MS 1745 14; System control
Fire extinguishing system

Smoke or fire doors
Smoke venting equipment
Smoke or fire dampers
Ventilation shut down
Lift control
Security doors
A typical alarm system, in most case will also be used to actuate other emergency or essential
services(listabove).
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |53
53
MS 1745 14; Cables and interconnection
Cables run
areas which
NOT
protected
should be
resistant
protected
against fire.
in
are
fire
fire
OR
3 Class of Circuits.
ID = Initiating Devices
ND = Notification Devices
Signal Circuits
MS174514containsclearprescriptionontheuseoffireratedcablesforautomatedfiredetection
and alarm system. The next few slides will show the context and prescription on cables and inter
connections.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |54
54
Fault in Zone 2
may affect alarm
signal in Zone 3
(cables fire rated
or protected for at
least 30 min.)
Fault in F.C 1 may

affect alarm signal
in FC2 (cables fire
rated or protected
for at least 30 min.)
Inthetwocasespresentedabove,faultlimitationsrequiretheuseoffireresistantcables.Inthese
case,fireresistantisonlylimitedto30minutes.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |55
55
BS 60331 Fire Tests
Common misconception in the market is the specification of fire rated cables. Fire rated cables
underIEC60331requiresthatthecableshouldbeabletooperateforacertainperiod(sayabout30
minutes) after exposure to fire. Many cables marketed as fire rated are merely fireretardant,
i.e.itwillnotcontributetothespreadoradditiontothefire(oritwillsignificantlypresentitselfasa
lowfireload).SuchcablesarecablesunderIEC603323.Howeverfireratingunderthecontextof
MS1745requiresthatcablesmustbeabletooperateforatleast30minutesonbeingexposedto
firefighting conditions. The above and following slides explain the concept and specifications
behindspecifyingfireratingofcables.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |56
56
MS 1745 14; Fire Rated Cables

BS 60332-3
IEC 60331 test a cable for its fire resistant properties (i.e. ability to continue operation during fire
condition)asopposetoIEC603323whichexaminesflamepropagationpropertyofcables.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |57
57
BS5839-1
2002 edition major change to requirement for fire rated cables.

All cables to be fire
rated. The category of
fire rating depends on
the application.
BS 5839 categorise fire rating of cables in terms of its application. The leftmost two standards
specifycablesforfiredetectionandalarmapplications.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |58
58
MS 1745-14; Fire Rated Cables
BS5839-1
The minimum standard of fire rating permitted under MS1745 would be Category W cables (fire
fightingcondition).
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |59
59
BS5839-1
AmorecorrectspecificationofcablesunderBS58391(andbyextensiontheMS174514)wouldbe
cablesratedasPH30standardgradecablesat830Cinsteadof650CunderBS6387CatWcables.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |60
60
MS 1745 14; Cables Protection
Fire rated cables with

mica sheath as fire barrier.
Normal PVC cables (300V)
Protection against mechanical damage
Conduit Wiring
G.I. Class B certified to IEC 60614-1 & 2
uPVC be high impact class B, certified to IEC60614
If uPVC embedded in concrete they should be class C
Fire rated cables should be laid on trays and in case
where they are exposed (at low level) shall be
mechanically protected (conduit or trunking).
Metal Trunking
Cables are required to be protected against mechanical damage. This normally means the use of
metaltrunkingorconduit.Theuseofconduithoweveristhemostcontentiousasmanyinstallation
considertheuseofPVCconduitwithoutapropercheckonitsspecificationandcertification.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |61
61
MS 1745 14; Cables Protection
Some Common Defects

1. PVC conduit system are
substandard and are NOT
certified to electrical grade.
2. PVC conduit and/or cables
laid in condition where
continuous sunlight occurs
(PVC will deteriorate in the
presence of UV light).
3. Conduit embedded in concrete are of the wrong grade (conduit not properly graded
will crack when laid in concrete).
4. No proper junction boxes and/or terminal boxes.
5. Trunking and/or conduit overloaded.
6. Splicing/jointing of cables without proper terminal box.
No proper evaluation on firerating of cables in complying

with circuit-survivability!
PVC products should NOT be

installed exposed to sunlight.
Some common mistakes in cable laying are listed above. The most serious is the used of sub
standard conduit (including GI conduit which are not properly certified). A proper check of SIRIM
certification reveals that many G.I. conduit system may not even be of the correct gauge (class B,
mediumgradeandincaseofembeddinginconcreteshouldbeatleastclassC,heavygrade).
It is even more pertinent to note that many fire alarm cabling systems may NOT be properly
specifiedforfireratingwherethestandardsrequiresuchrating.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |62
62
MS 1745 14; Protection against EM disturbance
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)
EMC DEFINITION
THE ABILITY OF A DEVICE, EQUIPMENT OR SYSTEM TO
FUNCTION SATISFACTORILY IN ITS ELECTROMAGNETIC
ENVIRONMENT
WITHOUT
INTRODUCING
INTOLERABLE
DISTURBANCES TO THAT ENVIRONMENT OR TO OTHER
EQUIPMENT
With the proliferation of addressable type fire alarm, the impact of electromagnetic (EM)
disturbancesonsensitiveelectronicequipmentwhichcomprisepartofthe(supposedly)failsafe
nature of automatic detection and alarm system pose a serious threat to its integrity. Though MS
1745 is sparse on prescriptive measure on protection against EM disturbances, it should be
emphasised that failure due to EM disturbances is a major consideration which installers of
addressablesystemCANNOTignore.
A starting point for planning for EM protection is to gauge the immunitylevel or susceptibility
levelofsensitiveequipment,andthesourceandlevelofEMemissionatthevicinityorconnectivity
(inEMCterminologyitwouldbetermedEMcoupling)tosensitiveequipment.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |63
63
MS 1745 14; Protection against EM disturbance

Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)
Protect sensitive equipment against
EM disturbances
1 Other power cables too near

(especially
motor
and
capacitor switching)
2 Other hi-freq, control cables
too near.
3 Signal cables laid near roof
eaves (or at high level in
building)
susceptible
to
atmospheric EM disturbance.
4 Cables
laid
externally
(overhead
or
u/ground)
susceptible to atmospheric
EM disturbances.
Theaboveattemptstosummarisebrieflythestepswhichcanbetakentoprotectequipmentagainst
EM disturbances. Common remedy is the installation of (powergrade and/or datagrade) surge
protection devices (SPD). Depending on the nature of the ground, underground cables (especially
hillyrockyground)isassusceptibletoatmosphericEMdisturbancesasoverheadcables.Acommon
overlookedsourceofEMdisturbancewouldbesensingcableslaidathighlevelalongtimberroof
eavesorroofeaveswhicharenotsuitablyshieldedagainstatmosphericEMradiation.
Other EM treatments include proper shielding and ground for sensitive equipment. An expert on
EMCshouldbeconsultedforproperrecommendationsonEMC.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |64
64
MS 1745 14; Installation & Work Acceptance
Theaboveisatemplateforapprovalandworkacceptanceprocedure.Amostbasiccheckwillstart
with material and components acceptance. This entails an examination of SIRIM certification to
checkthattherightgradeandtypeofcomponents,materialsandproductareused.Inthirdparty
certification (such as Factory Mutual) this step would be a prerequisite, as a compilation of
conformancecertificationforproducts,materialsandcomponentsusedintheinstallationwillneed
tobefiledasrecord.
TherequestforMethodStatementsisalso,currently,acommonprojectmanagementtool.However
aproperunderstandingofthedesignintent,specificationandinstallationprocedureISNECESSARY
before method statement should be requested. Method statement should be specific and NOT
generalinnature,i.e.theprojectmanagermuststatespecificallythetypeandprocedurerequested
forMethodStatement.CurrentpracticeofrequestingforMethodStatementinverygeneralterms
usually result in Contractors generating Method Statement which are just copies of the
specifications.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |65
65

Check that ALL penetration through fire stop/walls are fire-sealed.
Finallytheresponsibleengineer(whetherconsultantorcontractor)mustcheckthatproperfireseals
areinstalledinALLpenetrationofcables,conduitandpipesthroughfirepartitionsandfloorslabs.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |66
66
MS 1745 14; Commissioning & Verification

Understanding specifications
Understanding certifications
Check Conformance
Certification
Method Statement if
required must be specific in
nature
Check List During

Construction
Pre-Delivery
Inspection
Can be 1st party,

2nd party or 3rd
party inspection.
Tests During
Installation
Acceptance Tests
Tests for buried/

covered works.
1. Performance
2. Functional
Theaboveisatemplateforensuringfinalworkacceptance.Itshouldbenotedthatworkacceptance
do not only entails accepting final commissioning reports on completion. It should include
compilationofmaterialacceptance,recordofinstallationchecksfromprojectinception,throughto
QC/QAchecksduringinstallationandfinalcommissioningoncompletion.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |67
67
T ec hn ica l
S ta nd a rd s
S P EC IF Y IN G
E N G IN EE R S
P RO DUCT
C E R T IFIC A T IO N
F ire S erv ice s A c t

UBBL
F ire Se rvic es
R e gulat io n s
IN S PE C T IO N &
E NFO RCE ME NT
C E R T IF IED
SA F E IN S T A L L A T ION
Fig ur e 1 A M ode l for S ys te m Ce r tifi ca tion

A model for system certification originally drafted in 2001 (for the electrical safety industry) and
currentlyadoptedinMS1979canbeparaphrasedforthefirefightingindustry.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |68
68

Verification by Independent Party
1st PARTY Self Test (e.g. routine factory QC tests).
First-party testing is a large sector. It is for example used as an internal
quality control measure that the products, materials, items and services
are up the requirements expressed in legislation, standards, technical
specifications and contracts with the clients. The manufacturers
declaration of conformity expressed by different ways of marking the
product is often based also on the outcome of these tests.
2nd PARTY Test by buyers or consumers (e.g. factory test or

witness test by buyers).
Second-party testing is performed by the receiver of the products,
materials, items and services mainly in order to ensure that agreed
requirements and specifications are fulfilled. For ordinary consumers,
testing can be performed by consumer interest organisations or buyer
organisations of products.
Anexplanationonthetypeofinspectiontestingisdescribedabove(firstpartyand2ndpartytests).
Understanding the framework on which acceptancetests are conducted is essential for the
approving engineer. First party tests (selftest by vendor/manufacturer) would be the first line of
defence of the approving engineer. Demanding 1st party certificate is akin to requesting for a
product birthcertificate. This ensures that a product is from where it claims to be (i.e. genuine
product).2ndpartywitnesstestsareusuallyonlyrequestedforlargeassembledequipment.Insome
case,wherewitnesstestisinaforeigncountry,theclientcanengageathirdpartyinspector(whois
expectedtobeindependent)towitnesstestonhisbehalf.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |69
69

Verification by Independent Party
3rd PARTY Test by independent inspectors (e.g. certification by

SIRIM, Factory Mutual).
Third-party testing is especially required, preferred or used if the results
have a considerable influence or effect on public or societal issues, in
particular related to health, environment, safety and large economic
values. It is also applied when taking measures to eliminate the
possibility of cheating and misconduct or when crucial risks and
consequences of wrong or manipulated results exist. Third-party testing
is expected to provide a nonbiased view and thus a better confidence in
the test results.
Thirdpartycertification(suchasFactoryMutual)isanimportantcertificationbodyformultinational
corporation.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |70
70

Model Certificates Annex C
Certificate of
Design
Certificate of
Installation
Certificate of
Commission
& Verification
Certificate of
Acceptance
AnnexCintheStandardincludesmodelcertificateswhichcanbeusedbypractitionerstodesigna
documentedprocedureforworksacceptance.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |71
71
MS 1745 14; Maintenance / Operation.

Alarm /
Emergency
Response
Plan
Preventive
Maintenance
Check List
Persons /
Organisations
Responsible
Fire Drill
Routine &
Semi-Routine
Check List
Annex A
Maintenance
Manual &
Record of
As-Built
Extension/
Modifications/
Repair
In the compilation of completion documentations for handing over to the operator or client, the
above template lists the important parts of the documents which should be included. Current
handingoverdocumentationsmerelycompilesacatalogueofequipmentandcomponentswithout
any operating procedure or maintenance check list procedure for each components and system.
AnnexAhasanexcellentmodelformforchecklistformaintenanceuse.
Otherworkprocedurebytheoperatorwouldbetheconductofoccupantstraining(usuallyfiredrill)
andadocumentedproceduretoensurethatextensionandmodificationworksdonotcompromise
theintegrityofexistingfiresystems.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |72
72
MS 1745 14; Applications in Special Risk
Effects of high ventilation rate and air speed

Fire detection in concealed space, u/floor etc.
Local cover of cabinets required.
Closing of fire dampers in response to alarm signals
Electronic data processing
areas / electrical risks
Consider aspirating systems
Confirm content of storage

Consult with insurers
Detection linked wit auto extinguishing

systems.
Detection layer at rack to prevent spread of fire.
High Rack warehouse
AfinalsectionofMS174514includeadiscussionsonspecialriskwhichislistedabove.Insurersare
especiallyconcernedwithwarehousesanddataprocessingcentres.Thusconsultationwithinsurers
areessentialforascertainingtheacceptabilityofsystemsandgradeofcomponentsused.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |73
73
Smoke Control
Fire detection at atrium
Fire compartmentation
Smoke Control with detection

and auto fire suppression
High Atrium Building
Confirm nature and type of storage

Consult Hazmat legislation
ER Plan for hazmat
Detection and fire suppression systems

Linked to ER plan for hazmat.
High Hazard Area
In ascertaining the fire protection needs of high hazard areas, other legislation may be consulted
suchasthePetroleumSafetyMeasuresAct(foroildepots),TheGasSupplyAct(Gasstorageat
retailend).EnvironmentalQualityAct(schedulewaste,hazmathandling).
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |74
74
Confirm nature of fire hazard,

Check environmental conditions
Choice and siting of detectors
Detection and fire suppression systems suited

for environment and hazard class (e.g. mist
suppression system, foam system etc.) linked
to detection system.
Outdoor Areas
E.g. tank farm, conveyors
hplooi@streamyx.com
http://hplooi.blogspot.com
Oil tank, coal conveyors, recycled tyre depot/storage yard are just some of the outdoor risk areas
which demands special consideration for automatic fire detection and alarm. In most case, an
understanding of the risk, type of fire which will be generated and the fire hazard involve will be
necessarybeforeanysolutioncanbeproposed.Forexample:
(1)
(2)
Tank farm fire is usually fought from a policy of containment, i.e. prevent the fire from
spreading.Onceafirestartsitwillbedifficulttoextinguishthefire.Aresponseplanwill
requiresufficientamountofwaterjusttocontainthefire(containmentdikesareusually
included in tank farm design) and prevent temperatures from reaching excessively high
levels.
Wastetyrestorageyard(typicallyoutdoor)requiresattentiontofirecontainment.Oncea
fire starts, it would be difficult to extinguish fires from mounds of tyre waste. A more
seriousimplicationwouldbesmoulderingfirefromtyrewastewhichwouldposeairquality
hazardtothesurroundingarea.AgaincontainmentisanessentialfirststepindesignFire
suppressionagentincludespecialchemicalagentforthesuppressionoffiresfromrubber
waste.
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
P a g e |75
6th October 2009

Eastin Hotel. Petaling Jaya
MS 1745 FIRE DETECTION AND ALARM SYSTEM

hplooi@streamyx.com
http://hplooi.blogspot.com
Ir. H.P. Looi, (6TH October 2009)
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
hplooi@streamyx.com
6thOctober2009
MS 1745 Part 14; Fire Detection and Fire Alarm System, Guidelines for
Planning, Design, Installation, Commissioning, Use and Maintenance
P a g e | 76
APPENDIX A Types of Fire Alarm System, BS5839-1:2002

(Typical Application based on fire needs of premises)
Assessment of Needs Based on BS 5839 1 : 2002
Lower
Risk End
Type of Premises
Most places of work, offices, shops,

M or P/2M
warehouse, factories, restaurants
Higher
Comments
Risk End
P1/M
M normally meets legal requirements.

Detection added to meet insurers and business
interruption risk.
Hotels and Hostels
L2
L1
In sleeping areas L3 is the base

recommendation level. In practice this
becomes at least L2.
Pubs
L2
Pubs with no residential accommodation M.

Pubs with residential accommodation L3/L2.
Schools
M/P2/L4
Normally based on fire risk assessment

particularly arson risk. Detection also often
added if in partial use for community activities.
Hospitals
L1
L1
Minor variations as per HTM1982
Places of assembly, eg entertainment
L1
Accommodation under 300 normally M. Larger

premises L4 to L1. Large premises are usually
L1.
M/L5
M/L5
Covered shopping centres
L3
L1
Residential care homes
L3
L1
L1 for large premises
Prisons
L5
Phased evacuation buildings
L3
L3
M/L5
M/L4
Extra risk to life posed by such things as inner

rooms, unoccupied spaces, cross building
risks, use of automatic door holders etc.
M/P2
M/P1
Transportation terminals
Buildings with
difficulties
means
Insurer requirements
of
escape
END OF APPENDIX A
Copyright; All rights reserved

Ir. H.P. Looi (hplooi@mektricon.com)
(October 2009)
P a g e | 77
B2-1/3
APPENDIX B Circuit Class and Style, NFPA72 : 2002
Table B1 Performance of Initiating Devices Circuits (IDC)
Alarm receipt capability

during abnormal conditions
Alarm
Trouble

Trouble
Alarm
C
Trouble
Alarm
Style

Trouble
Alarm

Trouble
Alarm
Class
Abnormal condition
10
11
12
13
14
15
Single open
Single ground
Wire-to-wire short
Loss of carrier (if used)/

Channel interface
R = Required capacity
X = Indication required at protected premises and as required in Chapter 5
= Style exceeds minimum requirements of Class A

(October 2009)
Table B2 Performance of Signaling Line Circuits (SLC)
B2-2/3

(October 2009)
P a g e | 79
B2-1/3
Table B3 Notification Appliance Circuits (NAC)
Alarm capability during

abnormal conditions
Trouble indication at protected

premises

abnormal conditions
Style

premises

abnormal conditions

premises

abnormal conditions

premises
Class
Abnormal condition
Single open
Single ground
Wire-to-wire short
END OF APPENDIX B

(October 2009)
P a g e | 76
APPENDIX A Types of Fire Alarm System, BS5839-1:2002

(Typical Application based on fire needs of premises)
Assessment of Needs Based on BS 5839 1 : 2002
Lower
Risk End
Type of Premises
Most places of work, offices, shops,

M or P/2M
warehouse, factories, restaurants
Higher
Comments
Risk End
P1/M
M normally meets legal requirements.

Detection added to meet insurers and business
interruption risk.
Hotels and Hostels
L2
L1
In sleeping areas L3 is the base

recommendation level. In practice this
becomes at least L2.
Pubs
L2
Pubs with no residential accommodation M.

Pubs with residential accommodation L3/L2.
Schools
M/P2/L4
Normally based on fire risk assessment

particularly arson risk. Detection also often
added if in partial use for community activities.
Hospitals
L1
L1
Minor variations as per HTM1982
Places of assembly, eg entertainment
L1
Accommodation under 300 normally M. Larger

premises L4 to L1. Large premises are usually
L1.
M/L5
M/L5
Covered shopping centres
L3
L1
Residential care homes
L3
L1
L1 for large premises
Prisons
L5
Phased evacuation buildings
L3
L3
M/L5
M/L4
Extra risk to life posed by such things as inner

rooms, unoccupied spaces, cross building
risks, use of automatic door holders etc.
M/P2
M/P1
Transportation terminals
Buildings with
difficulties
means
Insurer requirements
of
escape
END OF APPENDIX A

(October 2009)
P a g e | 77
B2-1/3
APPENDIX B Circuit Class and Style, NFPA72 : 2002
Table B1 Performance of Initiating Devices Circuits (IDC)

Alarm
Trouble

Trouble
Alarm
C
Trouble
Alarm
Style

Trouble
Alarm

Trouble
Alarm
Class
Abnormal condition
10
11
12
13
14
15
Single open
Single ground
Wire-to-wire short
Loss of carrier (if used)/

Channel interface
R = Required capacity
= Style exceeds minimum requirements of Class A

(October 2009)
Table B2 Performance of Signaling Line Circuits (SLC)
B2-2/3

(October 2009)
P a g e | 79
B2-1/3
Table B3 Notification Appliance Circuits (NAC)

abnormal conditions

premises

abnormal conditions
Style

premises

abnormal conditions

premises

abnormal conditions

premises
Class
Abnormal condition
Single open
Single ground
Wire-to-wire short
END OF APPENDIX B

(October 2009)

Fire Detection Alarm System - 6 Oct 2009

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Fire Detection Alarm System - 6 Oct 2009

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

MS1745Part14;FireDetectionandFireAlarmSystem,Guidelinesfor

Fire alarm and detection as passive system is the most commonly

Ir. H.P. Looi, (6th October 2009)

INTRODUCTION The Professional Engineers Responsibilities

The responsibilities of a Professional Engineer can be summarised:

Ir. H.P. Looi, (6th October 2009)

INTRODUCTION The Professional Engineers Responsibilities

Professional responsibility & Duty of Care

INTRODUCTION The Professional Engineers Responsibilities

Where does it requires that a P.Eng MUST

STREET, DRAINAGE AND BUILDING ACT 1974 ACT 133

Ir. H.P. Looi, (6th October 2009)

INTRODUCTION The Professional Engineers Responsibilities

Street, Drainage And Building ACT 1974 ACT 133

INTRODUCTION The Professional Engineers Responsibilities

MS 1745 : Part 5 & 6

Ir. H.P. Looi, (6th October 2009)

INTRODUCTION The Professional Engineers Responsibilities

Ir. H.P. Looi, (6th October 2009)

EN54 part 1 Introduction

EN54 part 15 Point detectors using a combination of detected fire phenonmena

BS 5839 Fire Detection and Alarm Systems for Buildings

BS 5839 Fire Detection and Alarm Systems for Buildings

Ir. H.P. Looi, (6th October 2009)

Structure of MS 1745 Part 14

MS 1745 Part 14 Introduction and Scope

MS 1745 Part 14 Normative Reference, Terms & definitions

3 Terms and Definitions some important terms:

Ir. H.P. Looi, (6th October 2009)

MS 1745 Part 14 General

Planning and design

Building risk group,

Third party approval

1. Selecting and locating detectors,

4 General provide general guidance on use of MS1745

MS 1745 Part 14 General

Ir. H.P. Looi, (6th October 2009)

MS 1745 Part 14 Assessment of Needs

MS 1745 DO NOT specify when, where and how fire

Consult Life Safety Code

Consult authorities having

Consider integration with

Consult Insurance company.

MS 1745 Part 14 Assessment of Needs

MS 1745 Part 14 Assessment of Needs

UBBL, 10th Schedule prescribes

continue next page

MS 1745 Part 14 Assessment of Needs

MS 1745 Part 14 Section 6 classifies fire alarm systems by extent

continue next page

MS 1745 Part 14 Assessment of Needs

BS 5839 1; coverage is defined based on clear needs:

P1 All areas covered with detectors except voids less than

Same as P1 (all areas covered with detectors except voids)

Type M Manual type

MS 1745 Part 14 Assessment of Needs

MS 1745 Areas not needing cover:

MS 1745 Voids (under floor and above ceiling) need

MS 1745 Voids not requiring coverage:

Less than 1m in height.

MS 1745 14; Planning and Design

Ir. H.P. Looi, (6th October 2009)

MS1745 Circuit Survivability

In event of single short or open circuit: