X-Momentum equation: Abstract This project work report provides a full solution of simplified Navier-Stokes equations for the

Incompressible Fully Developed Couette Flow with heat transfer. The known analytical solution to the problem is compared with the numerical solution. For discrete problem formulation implicit CrankNicolson method is used. Finally, the system of equation (TriDiagonal) is solved with Thomas algorithm TDMA (TriDiagonal matrix algorithm). Results are compared with the known analytical solution to the problem. 1 Introduction Figure-1 shows the main problem. There is a viscous Fully Developed flow between two parallel plates. Upper plate is moving in xdirection with constant velocity(U). Lower one is stationary. Temperature of the lower and upper plates are T0 and T1, respectively. 2) Y-Momentum Equation: 3) Energy Equation: 4) where, = viscous dissipation term (5) Assumptions: 1. Steady fully developed flow, which means velocity and temperature profiles do not change in the flow direction. 2. Zero pressure gradient, zero body forces 3. Laminar, Incompressible flow 4. Constant properties of the fluid (, cp, , k) with above assumptions,

(6)
Therefore, from equation(1), ; v= constant; Since v= constant and v=0 at bottom wall, v=0 everywhere X-momentum equation reduces to,

Figure-1: Schematic representation of Fully Developed Couette Flow with plates at different temperature problem 2 Fundamental Equations Continuity Equation: (mass conservation equation) 1)

(7) Y-momentum equation reduces to,

Hydrostatic pressure gradient would exist if the body forces were present Energy Equation will become as, (8)

Now non-dimensionalize momentum and energy equations using the following combinations: ; ; momentum (9) equation (10) Non-dimesionalized becomes: momentum equation (11) where,

The Non dimensional temperature profile becomes linear. When Pr is of the order of unity, small Ec implies dissipation effects can be ignored.

Non-dimesionalized becomes:

Br= Pr * Ec; where, Pr= Prandtl Number = Prandtl Number is fluid property, and Ec = Eckert Number = Boundary Conditions:

The solution to the momentum and energy equation will give the following, (12) (13) When Ec Pr << 1 =>

4 Numerical Solution 4.1 Velocity Profile As we obtained in the last section, X-momentum equation (10), (14) with boundary condition,

with j=1,2,...,n (index 1 is at the bottom plate and index n is at the upper plate) and (points 0 and n+1 are imaginary points) and 5 Solving The System of Linear Equations The system of equations (16) and (18) can either be solved by Gauss elimination method or Thomas method (TDMA- TriDiagonal Matrix Algorithm). I have used Thomas method. The discretization equations can be written as (20) for i=1,2,3,...,N. Thus variable is related to the neighboring variables and . To account for the special form of the boundary-point equations, let us set and , so that the variables and will not have any meaningful role to play. Also and is given so we have = given value of = given value of Now for the matter of forward substitution, we seek a relation (21) after we have just obtained (22) Substituting equation (22) into equation (20) leads to, (23)

Finite-Difference Representation In our solution of equation (14), we will use Crank-Nicolson Scheme, so discrete representation of that equation can be written as: (15) (16) with j=1,2,...,n (index 1 is at the bottom plate and index n is at the upper plate) and (points 0 and n+1 are imaginary points) and 4.2 Temperature Profile As we obtained in the last section, Energy equation (11), (17)

We know that

, and therefore

Again using Crank-Nicolson Scheme, discrete representation of equation(17) can be written as: (18) (19)

which can be rearranged to look like equation (20). In other words, the coefficients and then stand for

Dimensionless Temperature profile (24-a) (24-b) These are recurrence relations.

Now set , Now we are in position to start the back substitution via equation (21). Results Dimensionless Velocity Profile

Effect of Eckert number on Dimensionless temperature Profile