SMS and the PDU format Introduction The SMS message, as specified by the Etsi organization (documents GSM

03.40 and GSM 03.3 !, can be up to "#0 characters $ong, %here each character is & bits according to the 7-bit default alphabet. Eight'bit messages (ma( "40 characters! are usua$$y not )ie%ab$e by the phones as te(t messages* instead they are used for data in e.g. smart messaging (images and ringing tones! and +T, pro)isioning of -,. settings. "#' bit messages (ma( &0 characters! are used for /nicode (/0S1! te(t messages, )ie%ab$e by most phones. , "#'bit te(t message of c$ass 0 %i$$ on some phones appear as a 2$ash SMS (a3a b$in3ing SMS or a$ert SMS!. The PDU format There are t%o %ays of sending and recei)ing SMS messages4 by te(t mode and by .5/ (protoco$ description unit! mode. The te(t mode (una)ai$ab$e on some phones! is 6ust an encoding of the bit stream represented by the .5/ mode. ,$phabets may differ and there are se)era$ encoding a$ternati)es %hen disp$aying an SMS message. The most common options are 7.00.43&7, 7.0587, 7 9:'"7, 7;<,7 and 7GSM7. These are a$$ set by the at'command ,T=0S0S, %hen you read the message in a computer app$ication. ;f you read the message on your phone, the phone %i$$ choose a proper encoding. ,n app$ication capab$e of reading incoming SMS messages, can thus use te(t mode or .5/ mode. ;f te(t mode is used, the app$ication is bound to (or $imited by! the set of preset encoding options. ;n some cases, that>s 6ust not good enough. ;f .5/ mode is used, any encoding can be imp$emented. Receiving a message in the PDU mode The .5/ string contains not on$y the message, but a$so a $ot of meta'information about the sender, his SMS ser)ice center, the time stamp etc. ;t is a$$ in the form of he(a'decima$ octets or decima$ semioctets. The fo$$o%ing string is %hat ; recei)ed on a Nokia 6110 %hen sending the message containing 7he$$ohe$$o7 from http4??%%%.mtn.co.za?. 0& :"&1 30"00" 040@0 &13 0:002"0000::30:19"#":9 00,E 029 31:@254#:&5:E03&

This octet seAuence consists of three parts4 ,n initia$ octet indicating the $ength of the SMS0 information (70&7!, the SMS0 information itse$f (7:"&1 30"00"0297!, and the SMSB5EC;DE< part (specified by ETS; in GSM 03.40!. Note: on some phones (e.g. Ericssson 888 ! the first three (colored! parts are omitted "hen sho"ing the message in #$% mode& Octet(s) 0& :" Description Cength of the SMS0 information (in this case & octets! Type'of'address of the SMS0. (:" means internationa$ format of the phone number! Ser)ice center number(in decima$ semi' octets!. The $ength of the phone number is odd (""!, so a trai$ing 2 has been added to form proper octets. The phone number of this ser)ice center is 7=1&3 "0000"97. See be$o%. 2irst octet of this SMS'5EC;DE< message. ,ddress'Cength. Cength number (0@ he( E "" dec! of the sender

&1 3 0" 00 "0 29

04 0@ 0 &1 3 00 00 :: 30 :1 9" #" :9 0 0, 0: 00 2"

Type'of'address of the sender number Sender number (decima$ semi'octets!, %ith a trai$ing 2 T.'.;5. .rotoco$ identifier. T.'50S 5ata coding scheme T.'S0TS. Time stamp (semi'octets! T.'/5C. /ser data $ength, $ength of message. The T.'50S fie$d indicated &'bit data, so the $ength here is the number of septets ("0!. ;f the T.'50S fie$d %ere set to indicate 'bit data or /nicode, the $ength

%ou$d be the number of octets (:!. E 31:@254#:&5:E03& T.'/5. Message 7he$$ohe$$o7 , 'bit octets representing &'bit data.

,$$ the octets abo)e are he(a'decima$ 'bit octets, e(cept the Ser)ice center number, the sender number and the timestamp* they are decima$ semi'octets. The message part in the end of the .5/ string consists of he(a'decima$ 'bit octets, but these octets represent &'bit data (seebe$o%!. The semi'octets are decima$, and e.g. the sender number is obtained by performing interna$ s%apping %ithin the semi'octets from 7&1 3 0: 00 2"7 to 71& 3 :0 00 "27. The $ength of the phone number is odd, so a proper octet seAuence cannot be formed by this number. This is the reason %hy the trai$ing 2 has been added. The time stamp, %hen parsed, eAua$s 7:: 03 1: "9 "# 9: 0 7, %here the # first characters represent date, the fo$$o%ing # represents time, and the $ast t%o represents time' zone re$ated to GMT. Interpreting 8- it octets as !- it messages This transformation is described in detai$ in GSM 03.3 , and an e(amp$e of the 7he$$ohe$$o7 transformation is sho%n here. The transformation is based on the & bit defau$t a$phabet , but an app$ication bui$t on the .5/ mode can use any character encoding. Sending a message in the PDU mode The fo$$o%ing e(amp$e sho%s ho% to send the message 7he$$ohe$$o7 in the .5/ mode from a 8o3ia #""0. ,T=0MG2E0 ??Set .5/ mode ,T=0SMSE0 ??0hec3 if modem supports SMS commands ,T=0MGSE13 ??Send message, 13 octets (e(c$uding the t%o initia$ zeros! F00""000@:"#40&1 "9932 0000,,0,E 31:@254#:&5:E03& There are 13 octets in this message (4# >characters>!. The first octet (7007! doesn>t count, it is on$y an indicator of the $ength of the SMS0 information supp$ied (0!. The .5/ string consists of the fo$$o%ing4

Octet(s)

Description Cength of SMS0 information. Gere the $ength is 0, %hich means that the SMS0 stored in the phone shou$d be used. Note: 'his octet is optional. (n some phones this octet should be omitted& (%sing the )*)+ stored in phone is thus implicit! 2irst octet message. of the SMS'S/@M;T

00

"" 00 0@ :"

T.'Message'<eference. The 7007 )a$ue here $ets the phone set the message reference number itse$f. ,ddress'Cength. number (""! Cength of phone

Type'of',ddress. (:" internationa$ format of number!.

indicates the phone

#40&1 "9932

The phone number in semi octets (4#&0 19"39 !. The $ength of the phone number is odd (""!, therefore a trai$ing 2 has been added, as if the phone number %ere 74#&0 19"39 27. /sing the un3no%n format (i.e. the Type'of' ,ddress " instead of :"! %ou$d yie$d the phone number octet seAuence &0 0913" 9 (0&0 19"39 !. 8ote that this has the $ength "0 (,!, %hich is e)en. T.'.;5. .rotoco$ identifier T.'50S. 5ata coding scheme.This message is coded according to the &bit defau$t a$phabet. Ga)ing 7017 instead of 7007 here, %ou$d indicate that the T.' /ser'5ata fie$d of this message shou$d be interpreted as bit rather than &bit

00

00

(used in e.g. smart messaging, +T, pro)isioning etc!. ,, T.'Da$idity'.eriod. 7,,7 means 4 days. Note: 'his octet is optional, see bits and . of the first octet T.'/ser'5ata'Cength. Cength of message. The T.'50S fie$d indicated &' bit data, so the $ength here is the number of septets ("0!. ;f the T.'50S fie$d %ere set to 'bit data or /nicode, the $ength %ou$d be the number of octets.

0,

T.'/ser'5ata. These octets represent the message 7he$$ohe$$o7. Go% to do the E 31:@254#:&5:E03& transformation from &bit septets into octets is sho%n here Cin3s 0MS error codes Dersenden )on Hurznachrichten mitte$s .5/ Etsi This page has been )isited ::0#3 times and is %ritten and maintained by Cars .ettersson ($ars.petterssonIeds.com!. The ! it defau"t a"pha et This is the & bit defau$t a$phabet as specified by GSM 03.3 . The corresponding ;S+' 9:'" decima$ codes are sho%n in the rightmost co$umn. 8ote that the euro sign (J! is a member of the ;S+' 9:'"9 character set. #e$ 0(00 0(0" 0(01 0(03 Dec %haracter name 0 " 1 3 0+MME<0;,C ,T .+/85 S;G8 5+CC,< S;G8 ME8 S;G8 %haracter I K L N ISO-88&'( D)% #4 "#3 3# "#9

0(04 0(09 0(0# 0(0& 0(0 0(0: 0(0, 0(0@ 0(00 0(05 0(0E 0(02 0("0 0("" 0("1 0("3 0("4

4 9 # &

C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< E O -;TG G<,DE C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< E P -;TG ,0/TE C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< / Q -;TG G<,DE C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< ; R -;TG G<,DE C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< + S -;TG G<,DE

131 133 190 13# 141 ":: "0 1"# 14 "3 ":& 11:

: "0 "" "1 "3 "4 "9 "# "& " ": 10

C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< 0 T -;TG 0E5;CC, C;8E 2EE5 C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< + U -;TG ST<+HE C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< + V -;TG ST<+HE 0,<<;,GE <ET/<8 C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< , W -;TG <;8G ,@+DE C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< , X -;TG <;8G ,@+DE G<EEH 0,.;T,C CETTE< Y 5ECT, C+- C;8E B

:9

G<EEH 0,.;T,C CETTE< Z .G; G<EEH 0,.;T,C CETTE< [ G,MM, G<EEH 0,.;T,C CETTE< \ C,M@5,

0("9 0("# 0("& 0(" 0(": 0(", 0("@

1" 11 13 14 19 1# 1&

G<EEH 0,.;T,C CETTE< ] +MEG, G<EEH 0,.;T,C CETTE< ^ .; G<EEH 0,.;T,C CETTE< _ .S; G<EEH 0,.;T,C CETTE< ` S;GM, G<EEH 0,.;T,C CETTE< a TGET, G<EEH 0,.;T,C CETTE< c b; ES0,.E T+ EbTE8S;+8 T,@CE "1 d e f g i j l J :4 "13 "19 :1 :" "1# :3 "14 "#4 (/)(8801-10! ": 130 113

0("@0, 1& "0 2+<M 2EE5 0("@"4 1& 10 0;<0/M2CEb ,00E8T 0("@1 1& 40 CE2T 0/<CM @<,0HET <EDE<SE (@,0HSC,SG! S+C;5/S 0("@1: 1& 4" <;GGT 0/<CM @<,0HET 0("@12 1& 4&

0("@30 1& #0 CE2T Sh/,<E @<,0HET 0("@35 1& #" T;C5E 0("@40 1& #4 DE<T;0,C @,< 0("@#9 0("0 0("5 0("E 1& E/<+ S;G8 "0" 1 1: 30

0("@3E 1& #1 <;GGT Sh/,<E @<,0HET k

C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< m ,E C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< ,E n C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< o

SG,<. S (German! 0("2 0(10 0(1" 0(11 0(13 0(14 0(19 0(1# 0(1& 0(1 0(1: 0(1, 0(1@ 0(10 0(15 0(1E 0(12 0(30 0(3" 0(31 0(33 0(34 0(39 0(3# 0(3& 3" 31 33 34 39 3# 3& 3 3: 40 4" 41 43 44 49 4# 4& 4 4: 90 9" 91 93 94 99 C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< E p -;TG ,0/TE S.,0E Eb0C,M,T;+8 M,<H h/+T,T;+8 M,<H 8/M@E< S;G8 0/<<E80M S;G8 .E<0E8T S;G8 ,M.E<S,85 ,.+ST<+.GE CE2T .,<E8TGES;S <;GGT .,<E8TGES;S ,STE<;SH .C/S S;G8 0+MM, GM.GE8'M;8/S 2/CC ST+. S+C;5/S (SC,SG! 5;G;T wE<+ 5;G;T +8E 5;G;T T-+ 5;G;T TG<EE 5;G;T 2+/< 5;G;T 2;DE 5;G;T S;b 5;G;T SEDE8 q 7 r s t u > ( ! v = , ' . ? 0 " 1 3 4 9 # & 101 31 33 34 39 "#4 (;S+' 9:'"! 3& 3 3: 40 4" 41 43 44 49 4# 4& 4 4: 90 9" 91 93 94 99

0(3 0(3: 0(3, 0(3@ 0(30 0(35 0(3E 0(32 0(40 0(4" 0(41 0(43 0(44 0(49 0(4# 0(4& 0(4 0(4: 0(4, 0(4@ 0(40 0(45 0(4E 0(42 0(90 0(9"

9# 9& 9 9: #0 #" #1 #3 #4 #9 ## #& # #: &0 &" &1 &3 &4 &9 &# && & &: 0 "

5;G;T E;GGT 5;G;T 8;8E 0+C+8 SEM;0+C+8 CESS'TG,8 S;G8 Eh/,CS S;G8 G<E,TE<'TG,8 S;G8 h/EST;+8 M,<H ;8DE<TE5 Eb0C,M,T;+8 M,<H : 4 * x E F y z

9# 9& 9 9: #0 #" #1 #3 "#" #9 ## #& # #: &0 &" &1 &3 &4 &9 &# && & &: 0 "

C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< , , C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< @ @ C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< 0 0 C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< 5 5 C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< E E C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< 2 2 C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< G G C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< G G C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< ; ; C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< { { C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< H H C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< C C C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< M M C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< 8 8 C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< + + C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< . . C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< h h

0(91 0(93 0(94 0(99 0(9# 0(9& 0(9 0(9: 0(9, 0(9@ 0(90 0(95 0(9E 0(92 0(#0 0(#" 0(#1 0(#3 0(#4 0(#9 0(## 0(#& 0(#

1 3 4 9 # &

C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< < < C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< S S C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< T T C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< / / C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< D D C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< b b C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< M M C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< w w C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< , | -;TG 5;,E<ES;S C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< + } -;TG 5;,E<ES;S C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< 8 ~ -;TG T;C5E C,T;8 0,.;T,C CETTE< / -;TG 5;,E<ES;S SE0T;+8 S;G8 ;8DE<TE5 M,<H h/EST;+8 a b c d e f g h

1 3 4 9 # &

: :0 :" :1 :3 :4 :9 :# :& : ::

: :0 ":# 1"4 10: 110 "#& ":" :& : :: "00 "0" "01 "03 "04

C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< , C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< @ C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< 0

"00 C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< 5 "0" C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< E "01 C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< 2 "03 C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< G "04 C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< G

0(#: 0(#, 0(#@ 0(#0 0(#5 0(#E 0(#2 0(&0 0(&" 0(&1 0(&3 0(&4 0(&9 0(&# 0(&& 0(& 0(&: 0(&, 0(&@ 0(&0 0(&5 0(&E 0(&2

"09 C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< ; "0# C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< { "0& C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< H "0 C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< C

i 6 3 $ n o p A r s t u ) ( y z

"09 "0# "0& "0 "0: ""0 """ ""1 ""3 ""4 ""9 ""# ""& "" "": "10 "1" "11 11 14# 14" 191 114

"0: C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< M m ""0 C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< 8 """ C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< + ""1 C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< . ""3 C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< h ""4 C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< < ""9 C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< S ""# C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< T ""& C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< / "" C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< D

"": C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< - % "10 C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< b "1" C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< M "11 C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< w "13 "14 "19 "1# "1&

C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< , -;TG 5;,E<ES;S C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< + -;TG 5;,E<ES;S C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< 8 -;TG T;C5E C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< / -;TG 5;,E<ES;S C,T;8 SM,CC CETTE< , -;TG G<,DE

The T*pe-of-+ddress octet The Type'of',ddress octet indicates the format of a phone number. The most common )a$ue of this octet is :" he( ("00"000" bin!, %hich indicates internationa$ format. , phone number in internationa$ format $oo3s $i3e 4#&0 19"39 (%here the country code is 4#!. ;n the nationa$ (or un3no%n! format the same phone number %ou$d $oo3 $i3e 0&0 19"39 . The internationa$ format is the most generic, and it has to be accepted a$so %hen the message is destined to a recipient in the same country as the MS0 or as the SGS8. ,it no & # 9 4 3 1 " 0 .$an 8umbering ;dentification

-ame ,$%ays set to " Type'of'number

8ote that bit no & shou$d a$%ays be set to " @its #, 9 and 4 deonte the Type'of'number @its 3, 1, ", 0 denote the 8umbering'.$an';dentification T*pe of num er ,its .&/ 000 00" 0"0 0"" "00 Meaning of the T*pe-of-num er its (.0 & and /) /n3no%n. This is used %hen the user or net%or3 has no a priori information about the numbering p$an. ;n this case, the ,ddress' Da$ue fie$d is organized according to the net%or3 dia$$ing p$an, e.g. prefi( or escape digits might be present. ;nternationa$ number. 8ationa$ number. .refi( or escape digits sha$$ not be inc$uded. 8et%or3 specific number. This is used to indicate administration?ser)ice number specific to the ser)ing net%or3, e.g. used to access an operator. Subscriber number. This is used %hen a specific short number representation is stored in one or more S0s as part of a higher $ayer app$ication. (8ote that 7Subscriber number7 sha$$ on$y be used in connection %ith the proper .;5 referring to this

app$ication!. "0" ""0 """ ,$phanumeric, (coded according to GSM TS 03.3 &'bit defau$t a$phabet! ,bbre)iated number <eser)ed for e(tension

-um ering P"an Identification The 8umbering'p$an'identification app$ies for Type'of'number E 000, 00" and 0"0. 2or Type'of'number E "0" bits 3,1,",0 are reser)ed and sha$$ be transmitted as 0000. 8ote that for addressing any of the entities S0, MS0, SGS8 or MS, 8umbering'p$an'identification E 000" %i$$ a$%ays be used. Go%e)er, for addressing the SME, any specified 8umbering'p$an'identification )a$ue may be used. ,its 12(3 0000 000" 00"" 0"00 "000 "00" "0"0 """" Meaning of the -um ering P"an Identifiation its (10 20 ( and 3) /n3no%n. ;S58?te$ephone numbering p$an (E."#4?E."#3!. 5ata numbering p$an (b."1"!. Te$e( numbering p$an 8ationa$ numbering p$an .ri)ate numbering p$an E<MES numbering p$an (ETS; 5E?.S 3 0"'3! <eser)ed for e(tension

,$$ other )a$ues are reser)ed. E(amp$e , Type'of',ddress octet of 7 "7 (he(!, un3no%n phone number format, $oo3s $i3e4 ,it no & # 9 4 3 1 " 0 -ame ,$%ays set to " Type of number 8umbering p$an identification

4a"ue "

"

2irst octet of the SMS'S/@M;T .5/ The first octet of the SMS'S/@M;T .5/ has the fo$$o%ing $ayout4 ,it no & -ame T.' <. # T.' /5G; 9 T.' S<< 4 T.' D.2 3 T.' D.2 1 T.' <5 " T.' MT; 0 T.'MT;

%here the fie$ds ha)e the fo$$o%ing meaning4 5ie"dname Meaning T.'<. T.'/5G; T.'S<< <ep$y path. .arameter indicating that rep$y path e(ists. /ser data header indicator. This bit is set to " if the /ser 5ata fie$d starts %ith a header Status report reAuest. This bit is set to " if a status report is reAuested Da$idity .eriod 2ormat. @it4 and @it3 specify the T.'D. fie$d according to this tab$e4 it/ it1 0 0 4 T.'D. fie$d not present " 0 4 T.'D. fie$d present. <e$ati)e format (one octet! 0 " 4 T.'D. fie$d present. Enhanced format (& octets! " " 4 T.'D. fie$d present. ,bso$ute format (& octets! <e6ect dup$icates. .arameter indicating %hether or not the S0 sha$$ accept an SMS'S/@M;T for an SM sti$$ he$d in the S0 %hich has the same T.'M< and the same T.'5, as a pre)ious$y submitted SM from the same +,. Message type indicator. @its no " and 0 are set to 0 and " respecti)e$y to indicate that this .5/ is an SMS'S/@M;T

T.'D.2

T.'<5

T.'MT;

E(amp$e , first octet of 7""7 (he(! has the fo$$o%ing meaning4

,it no & -ame T.' <.

# T.' /5G; 0

9 T.' S<< 0

4 T.' D.2 "

3 T.' D.2 0

1 T.' <5 0

" T.' MT; 0

0 T.'MT; "

4a"ue 0

.rotoco$ ;dentifier (T.'.;5! The T.'.rotoco$';dentifier parameter consists of one octet, and the bits in the octet are used as fo$$o%s4 The MS %i$$ interpret reser)ed or unsupported )a$ues as the )a$ue 00000000 but sha$$ store them e(act$y as recei)ed. The S0 may re6ect messages %ith a T.'.rotoco$';dentifier containing a reser)ed )a$ue or one %hich is not supported. @it & 0 0 " " @it # 0 " 0 " /sage ,ssigns bits 0..9 as defined be$o% ,ssigns bits 0..9 as defined be$o% <eser)ed ,ssigns bits 0..9 for S0 specific use

;n case %here bits & and # both are 04 @it 9 0 " 5escription no inter%or3ing, but SME'to'SME protoco$ te$ematic inter%or3ing

;n the case of te$ematic inter%or3ing, the fo$$o%ing fi)e bit patterns in bits 4..0 are used to indicate types of te$ematic de)ices4 @its 4..0 5escription 00000 0000" 000"0 imp$icit ' de)ice type is specific to this S0, or can be conc$uded on the basis of the address te$e( (or te$ete( reduced to te$e( format! group 3 te$efa(

000"" 00"00 00"0" 00""0 00""" 0"000 0"00" 0"0"0 0"0"" 0""00 0""0"

group 4 te$efa( )oice te$ephone (i.e. con)ersion to speech! E<MES (European <adio Messaging System! 8ationa$ .aging System (3no%n to the S0! Dideote( (T."00?T."0"! te$ete(, carrier unspecified te$ete(, in .S.58 te$ete(, in 0S.58 te$ete(, in ana$og .ST8 te$ete(, in digita$ ;S58 /0; (/ni)ersa$ 0omputer ;nterface, ETS; 5E?.S 3 0"'3!

0"""0.. (reser)ed, 1 combinations! ..0"""" "0000 "000" "00"0 a message hand$ing faci$ity (3no%n to the S0! any pub$ic b.400'based message hand$ing system ;nternet E$ectronic Mai$

"00"".. (reser)ed, 9 combinations! .."0""" )a$ues specific to each S0, usage based on mutua$ ""000.. agreement bet%een the SME and the S0 (& combinations ..""""0 a)ai$ab$e for each S0! """"" , GSM mobi$e station. The S0 con)erts the SM from the recei)ed T.'50S to any data coding scheme supported by that MS (e.g. the defau$t!.

;f bit 9 has )a$ue " in an SMS'S/@M;T .5/, it indicates that the SME is a te$ematic de)ice of a type %hich is indicated in bits 4..0, and reAuests the S0 to con)ert the SM into a form suited for that de)ice type. ;f the destination net%or3 is ;S58, the S0 must a$so se$ect the proper ser)ice indicators for connecting to a de)ice of that type.

;f bit 9 has )a$ue " in an SMS'5EC;DE< .5/, it indicates that the SME is a te$ematic de)ice of a type %hich is indicated in bits 4..0. ;f bit 9 has )a$ue 0 in an SMS'5EC;DE< .5/, the )a$ue in bits 4..0 indicates the SM',C protoco$ being used bet%een the SME and the MS. 8ote that for the straightfor%ard case of simp$e MS'to'S0 short message transfer the .rotoco$ ;dentifier is set to the )a$ue 0. ;n the case %here bit & E 0, bit # E ", bits 9..0 are used as defined be$o% @its 9..0 000000 00000" 0000"0 0000"" 000"00 000"0" 000""0 000""" 00"000..0""""0 0""""" "00000..""""00 """"0" """""0 """""" 5escription Short Message Type 0 <ep$ace Short Message Type " <ep$ace Short Message Type 1 <ep$ace Short Message Type 3 <ep$ace Short Message Type 4 <ep$ace Short Message Type 9 <ep$ace Short Message Type # <ep$ace Short Message Type & <eser)ed <eturn 0a$$ Message <eser)ed ME 5ata do%n$oad ME 5e'persona$ization Short MEssage S;M 5ata do%n$oad

, short message type 0 indicates that the ME must ac3no%$edge receipt of the short message but may discard its contents. The <ep$ace Short Message feature is optiona$ for the ME and the S;M but if imp$emented it sha$$ be performed as descriped here. 2or MT short messages, on receipt of a short message from from the S0, the MS sha$$ chec3 to see if the associated .rotoco$ ;dentifier contains a <ep$ace Short Message Type code.

;f such a code is present, the the MS %i$$ chec3 the originating address and rep$ace any e(isting stored message ha)ing the same .rotoco$ ;dentifier code and originating address %ith the ne% short message and other parameter )a$ues. ;f there is no message to be rep$aced, the MS sha$$ store the message in the norma$ %ay. The MS may a$so chec3 the S0 address as %e$$ as the +riginating ,ddress. Go%e)er, in a net%or3 %hich has mu$tip$e S0s, it is possib$e for a <ep$ace Message type for a SM to be sent )ia different S0s and so it is recommended that the S0 address shou$d not be chec3ed by the MS un$ess the app$ication specifica$$y reAuires such a chec3. ;f a <ep$ace Short Message Type code is not present then the MS %i$$ %i$$ store the message in the norma$ %ay. ;n M+ short messages the S0 reacts simi$ar$y but on$y the address of the originating MS or any other source is chec3ed. , <eturn 0a$$ Message indicates to the MS to inform the user that a ca$$ (e.g. a te$ephone ca$$! can be estab$ished to the address specified %ithin the T.'+,. The <.'+, contains the address of the S0 as usua$. The message content (if present! gi)es disp$ayab$e information (e.g. the number of %aiting )oice messages!. The message is hand$ed in the same %ay as a$$ other messages of the <ep$ace Short Message Types. The ME 5e'persona$ization Short Message is an ME'specific message %hich instructs the ME to de'persona$ities the ME (see GSM 1.11!. The T.'50S sha$$ be set to /ncompressed, 5efau$t ,$phabet, and Message 0$ass " (Me'specific!, %hich corresponds to a bit coding og 000"000". The T.'/5 fie$d contains de'persona$ization information coded according to GSM 01.11. This information sha$$ not be disp$ayed by an ME %hich supports the scheme. The ac3no%$edgement to this message is a SMS'5EC;DE<'<E.+<T for <.',0H in ehich the T.'/ser'5ata sha$$ be coded according to GSM 01.11. S;M 5ata do%n$oad is a faci$ity %hereby the ME must pass the short message in its entirety inc$uding a$$ SMS e$ements contained in the SMS de$i)er to the S;M using the mechanism descriped in GSM ""."". The 50S sha$$ be set to bit message c$ass 1 (either bit coding """"0""0 or 000"0""0!. The entire user data fie$d is a)ai$ab$e for S;M 5ata do%n$oad. ME 5ata do%n$oad is faci$ity %hereby the ME sha$$ process the short message in its entirety inc$uding a$$ SMS e$ements contained in the SMS de$i)er to the ME. The 50S sha$$ be set to message c$ass ". The entire user data fie$d is a)ai$ab$e for ME data do%n$oad.

5ata 0oding Scheme (T.'50S! 0oding Group @its /se of bits 3..0 &..4 00(( Genera$ 5ata 0oding @its 9..0 indicate the fo$$o%ing4 @it 9 0 " @it 4 0 " @it 3 0 0 " " @its "..0 ha)e no meaning @its "..0 indicates message c$ass @it 1 ,$phabet being used 0 " 0 " 5efau$t a$phabet bit data /0S1 ("#bit! <eser)ed Te(t is uncompressed Te(t is compressed indication

@it @it Message " 0 c$ass 0 0 " " 0 " 0 " 0$ass 0 0$ass " 0$ass 1 0$ass 3

5escription ;mmediate disp$ay (a$ert! ME specific S;M specific TE specific

8+TE4 The specia$ case of bits &..0 being 0000 0000

indicates the 5efau$t ,$phabet as in .hase 1 0"00.."0"" <eser)ed coding groups ""00 Message -aiting ;ndication Group4 5iscard Message @its 3..0 are coded e(act$y the same as Group ""0", ho%e)er %ith bits &..4 set to ""00 the mobi$e may discard the contents of the message, and on$y present the indication to the user. Message -aiting ;ndication Group4 Store Message This Group a$$o%s an indication to be pro)ided to the user about status of types of message %aiting on systems connected to the GSM .CM8. The mobi$e may present this indication as an icon on the screen, or other MM; indication. The mobi$e may ta3e note of the +rigination ,ddress for message in this group and group ""00. 2or each indication supported, the mobi$e may pro)ide storage for the +rigination ,ddress %hich is to contro$ the mobi$e indication. Te(t inc$uded in the user data is coded in the 5efau$t ,$phabet. Ehere a message is recei)ed %ith bits &..4 set to ""0", the mobi$e sha$$ store the te(t of the SMS message in addition to setting the indication. @it 3 0 " 5escription Set ;ndication ;nacti)e Set ;ndication ,cti)e

""0"

@it 1 is reser)ed, and set to 0 @it " @it 0 ;ndication Type 0 0 " " 0 " 0 " Doicemai$ Message -aiting 2a( Message -aiting E$ectronic -aiting Mai$ Message

+ther Message -aitingv

v Mobi$e manufacturers may imp$ement the 7+ther Message -aiting7 indication as an additiona$ indication %ithout specifying the meaning. The meaning of this indication is intended to be standardized in the future, so +perators shou$d not ma3e use of this indication unti$ the standard for this indication is fina$ized. """0 Message -aiting ;ndication Group4 Store Message The coding of bits 3..0 and functiona$ity of this feature are the same as for the Message -aiting ;ndication Group abo)e, (bits &..4 set to ""0"! %ith the e(ception that the te(t inc$uded in the user data is coded in the uncompressed /0S1 a$phabet. 5ata coding?message c$ass @it 3 is reser)ed, set to 0. @it 1 0 " Message coding 5efau$t a$phabet 'bit data

""""

@it @it Message " 0 0$ass 0 0 " " 0 " 0 " 0$ass 0 0$ass " 0$ass 1 0$ass 3

5escription ;mmediate disp$ay (a$ert! ME specific S;M specific TE specific

Service %entre Time Stamp (TP-S%TS) The T.'Ser)ice'0entre'Time'Stamp fie$d is gi)en in semi'octet representation (each semi'octet consists of t%o digita$ decima$s!, and represents the $oca$ time in the fo$$o%ing %ay4

2ie$d Mear Month 5ay Gour Minute Second

Cength 5escription " " " " " " <e$ation to GMT. +ne unit is "9min. ;f MS@E", )a$ue is negati)e. These semi'octets are in 7S%apped 8ibb$e7 mode

Timezone "

E.g.4 0(:: 0(10 0(1" 0(90 0(&9 0(03 0(1" means "1. 2eb "::: 0949&430 GMT=3 S%apped 8ibb$e presentation @05 code %here nibb$es %ithin octet is s%apped. E.g.4 0(3" <epresents )a$ue of "3 0oding &'bit data (septets! into octets The message 7he$$ohe$$o7 consists of "0 characters, ca$$ed septets %hen represented by & bits each. These septets need to be transformed into octets for the SMS transfer. h "04 ""0"000 ""0"000 e "0" ""00"0" " "0 ""0""00 " "0 ""0""00 o """ ""0""""

""00"0 " ""0"" 00 ""0" "00 ""0 """"

h "04 ""0"000

e "0" ""00"0"

" "0 ""0""00

" "0 ""0""00

o """ ""0"""" ""0""" "

"" 0"000 " "00"0"

""0""00 ""0""00

The first septet (h! is turned into an octet by adding the rightmost bit of the second septet. This bit is inserted to the $eft %hich yie$ds " = ""0"000 E """0"000 (7E 7!. The rightmost bit of the second character is then consumed, so the second character (septet! needs t%o bits (ye$$o%! of the third character to ma3e an bit octet. This process goes on and on yie$ding the fo$$o%ing octets4 " ""0"000 00 ""00"0 "00 ""0"" """" ""0" 0"000 ""0 ""0""" E 31 :@ 25 4# 3&

"00"0" "" ""0""00 " :& 5:

" ""0""00 E0

The : octets from 7he$$ohe$$o7 are E 31 :@ 25 4# :& 5: E0 3& 2irst octet of the SMS'S/@M;T .5/ The first octet of the SMS'S/@M;T .5/ has the fo$$o%ing $ayout4 ,it no & -ame T.' <. # T.' /5G; 9 T.' S<< 4 T.' D.2 3 T.' D.2 1 T.' <5 " T.' MT; 0 T.'MT;

%here the fie$ds ha)e the fo$$o%ing meaning4 5ie"dname Meaning T.'<. T.'/5G; T.'S<< <ep$y path. .arameter indicating that rep$y path e(ists. /ser data header indicator. This bit is set to " if the /ser 5ata fie$d starts %ith a header Status report reAuest. This bit is set to " if a status report is reAuested Da$idity .eriod 2ormat. @it4 and @it3 specify the T.'D. fie$d according to this tab$e4 it/ it1 0 0 4 T.'D. fie$d not present " 0 4 T.'D. fie$d present. <e$ati)e format (one octet! 0 " 4 T.'D. fie$d present. Enhanced format (& octets! " " 4 T.'D. fie$d present. ,bso$ute format (& octets! <e6ect dup$icates. .arameter indicating %hether or not the S0 sha$$ accept an SMS'S/@M;T for an SM sti$$ he$d in the S0 %hich has the same T.'M< and the same T.'5, as a pre)ious$y submitted SM from the same +,. Message type indicator. @its no " and 0 are set to 0 and " respecti)e$y to indicate that this .5/ is an SMS'S/@M;T

T.'D.2

T.'<5

T.'MT;

E(amp$e , first octet of 7""7 (he(! has the fo$$o%ing meaning4 ,it no & -ame T.' <. # T.' /5G; 0 9 T.' S<< 0 4 T.' D.2 " 3 T.' D.2 0 1 T.' <5 0 " T.' MT; 0 0 T.'MT; "

4a"ue 0

Da$idity .eriod (T.'D.! Da$idity period specifies the time %hen SM e(pires. ;f SM is>t de$i)ered before that moment, it is discarded by S0. Da$idity'.eriod can be in three different format* <e$ati)e, ,bso$ute and Enhanced. <e$ati)e4

The T.'Da$idity'.eriod comprises " octet in integer representation, gi)ing the $ength of the )a$idity period, counted from %hen the SMS' S/@M;T is recei)ed by the S0. The representation of time is as fo$$o%s4 T.'D. )a$ue 0 to "43 Da$idity period )a$ue (T.'D. = "! v 9 minutes (i.e. 9 minutes inter)a$s up to "1 hours!

"44 to "#& "1 hours = ((T.'D. ' "43! v 30 minutes! "# to ":# (T.'D. ' "##! v " day ":& to 199 (T.'D. ' ":1! v " %ee3

,bso$ute T.'D. fie$d is & octets $ong, containing T.'S0TS formatted time %hen SM e(pires. See ETS; 03.40 for more information. Enhanced See ETS; 03.40 =0MS E<<+< Message ser)ice error Description )rror code 0'"1& "1 '199 300 30" 301 303 304 309 3"0 3"" These are the error codes for =0MS E<<+<. Meaning GSM 04."" ,nne( E'1 )a$ues GSM 03.40 section :.1.3.11 )a$ues .hone fai$ure SMS ser)ice of phone reser)ed +peration not a$$o%ed +peration not supported ;n)a$id .5/ mode parameter ;n)a$id te(t mode parameter S;M not inserted S;M .;8 necessary

3"1 3"3 3"4 3"9 310 31" 311 330 33" 331 900 9"1

.G'S;M .;8 necessary S;M fai$ure S;M busy S;M %rong Memory fai$ure ;n)a$id memory inde( Memory fu$$ SMS0 (message ser)ice center! address un3no%n 8o net%or3 ser)ice 8et%or3 timeout /n3no%n error Manufacturer specific