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Biology Test 1- Chapters 1-5 1.-gnw4k 1-15 -A good hypothesis must: A. -be theoretical. -- B. -be true. -- C. -lead to a question. -- D. -be falsifiable. -100% E. -be false. -- 2.-gnw4k 1-13 -Which scientist proved that the theory of spontaneous generation is untrue? A. -Pasteur -100% B. -Pauling -- C. -Crick -- D. -Watson -- E. -Einstein -- 3.-gnw4k 1-20 -The students in a classroom could be considered which of the following? A. -a community -- B. -a biosphere -- C. -a population -100% D. -a niche -- E. -an organism -- 4.-gnw4k 1-10 -A scientific explanation that is tentative and that requires more investigation is termed a/an: A. -control. -- B. -observation. -- C. -hypothesis. -100% D. -theory. -- E. -fact. -- 5.-gnw4k 1-21 -Living things inherit information from their parents encoded in: A. -proteins.-- B. -molecules.-- C. -atoms.-- D. -DNA.-100% -

6.-gnw4k 1-19 -Which of the following is the most complex level of organization? A. -the circulatory system -- B. -a water molecule -- C. -a rainforest -100% D. -a heart -- 7.-gnw4k 1-25 -Tissues are: -

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A. -organisms. -- B. -compartments within cells. -- C. -cells. -- D. -proteins. -- E. -a group of cells that serve a common function. -100% 8.-gnw4k 1-12 -The difference between a theory and a hypothesis is that: A. -a theory must be supported by evidence. -100% -

B. -a theory must be proven beyond a shadow of a doubt. -- C. -a hypothesis must be proven beyond a shadow of a doubt. -- D. -a hypothesis must be supported by evidence. -- 9.-gnw4k 1-7 -Scientific observations: A. -can be made by instrumentation. -- B. -can be made directly by humans. -- C. -are limited to available equipment used to record a natural phenomenon. -- D. -all of the above -100% -

10.-gnw4k 1-39 -A theory must be supported by evidence. True -100% -True 11.-gnw4k 2-45 -When you put sugar into your morning coffee or tea, the sugar is the ________, and the tea or coffee is the ________. A. -solution, solute-- B. -solvent, solute-- C. -solvent, solution-- D. -solute, solvent-100% E. -solute, solution-- 12.-gnw4k 2-6 -Isotopes are atoms of the same element that differ in their: A. -number of neutrons.-100% B. -number of protons.-- C. -number of electrons.-- D. -ionic charge.-- 13.-gnw4k 2-28 -In a bottle of water, hydrogen bonding occurs between the hydrogen of one atom and: A. -a hydrogen atom in a different molecule.-- B. -an oxygen atom in a different molecule.-100% C. -an oxygen atom in the same water molecule.-- D. -a hydrogen atom in the same molecule.-- 14.-gnw4k 2-2 -The mass within an atom comes from: A. -electrons only.-- B. -protons and neutrons.-100% -

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C. -protons, neutrons, and electrons.-- D. -protons only.-- 15.-gnw4k 2-36 -Water is a polar molecule because: A. -oxygen has more electrons than hydrogen.-- B. -hydrogen has more neutrons than oxygen.-- C. -oxygen has more neutrons than hydrogen.-- D. -oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen.-100% E. -hydrogen is more electronegative than oxygen.-- 16.-gnw4k 2-11 -Isotopes have been used to: A. -determine the age of fossils.-- B. -detect bone cancer.-- C. -create new elements.-- D. -A and B-100% E. -A, B, and C-- 17.-gnw4k 2-47 -You mix sugar in water and stir until it's completely dissolved. In this system, the water is the ________, the sugar is the ________, and the end result is a ________. A. -solvent; solute; solution-100% B. -solute; solvent; solution-- C. -solute; solution; solvent-- D. -solvent; solution; solute-- E. -solution; solvent; solute-- 18.-gnw4k 2-17 -Which of the following results from the making of a bond? A. -Electrons are destroyed.-- B. -Atoms become more stable.-100% C. -Molecules are broken down.-- D. -Atoms become more reactive.-- 19.-gnw4k 2-52 -Neutrons are negatively charged. False -100% -False 20.-gnw4k 2-9 -Which of the following are found in the nucleus of an atom? A. -neutrons-- B. -protons-- C. -electrons-- D. -A and B-100% E. -A, B, and C-- 21.-gnw4k 2-4 -An atom whose atomic number is 10 has how many electrons in its outermost energy level? A. -three-- -

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B. -two-- C. -ten-- D. -eight-100% -

E. -five-- 22.-gnw4k 2-46 -Hydrophobic molecules tend to be ________ by water. A. -absorbed-- B. -attracted-- C. -repelled-100% D. -mixed-- 23.-gnw4k 2-8 -Which of the following is not a component of atoms? A. -electrons-- B. -protons-- C. -neutrons-- D. -molecules-100% -

24.-gnw4k 2-44 -Enzymes are proteins that catalyze specific reactions within a cell. For catalysis to occur, they require a starting substance to bind directly to the enzyme. What must be true for this binding to happen correctly? A. -The enzyme must be acidic, and the starting substance must be basic.-- B. -Both the enzyme and the starting substance need to have matching shapes.-100% C. -Both the enzyme and the starting substance must be hydrophilic.-- D. -The starting substance must be larger than the enzyme.-- 25.-gnw4k 2-60 -Ionic bonds occur through a sharing of electrons. Student Response-Value-Correct Answer False -100% -False 26.-gnw4k 3-16 -Chitin and cellulose are polymers of: A. -nucleic acids.-- B. -amino acids.-- C. -fats.-- D. -glucose.-100% -

27.-gnw4k 3-35 -You love to eat potato chips, but you realize they contain many trans fats. Eating too many potato chips will negatively effect your health because it can: A. -cause you to have no LDL.-- B. -cause you to have more LDL than HDL.-100% C. -cause you to have more HDL than LDL.-- D. -cause you to have no HDL.-- 28.-gnw4k 3-60 -Some proteins function as enzymes, but others don't. -

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True -100% -True 29.-gnw4k 3-27 -Which of the following is/are true of steroids? A. -Cholesterol is a steroid.-- B. -If people inject male steroid hormones, they can build muscle mass, but they can have side effects.-- C. -They exist naturally in humans as hormones.-- D. -A and B are true.-- E. -A, B, and C are true.-100% 30.-gnw4k 3-48 -Nucleotides are the building blocks for: A. -lipids.-- B. -ATP and RNA.-100% C. -proteins.-- D. -steroids.-- E. -disaccharides.-- 31.-gnw4k 3-57 -Glycogen is the carbohydrate found in plant cell walls. Student Response-Value-Correct Answer False -100% -False 32.-gnw4k 3-19 -Which of the following is true of cellulose? A. -Plants' cell walls are made up of cellulose.-100% B. -Animals store glucose as cellulose.-- C. -Plants store glucose as cellulose.-- D. -Plants store amino acids as cellulose.-- 33.-gnw4k 3-47 -DNA is made up of: A. -nucleotides.-100% B. -proteins.-- C. -amino acids.-- D. -steroids.-- E. -sugars.-- 34.-gnw4k 3-63 -A nucleotide is a polymer of nucleic acids. Student Response-Value-Correct Answer False -100% -False 35.-gnw4k 3-15 -What do polysaccharides, such as cellulose; nucleic acids, such as DNA; and proteins, such as keratin, have in common? A. -They are all amino acids.-- B. -They are all built of chemically linked monomers.-100% -

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C. -They are all carbohydrates.-- D. -They are all lipids.-- E. -They are all nonpolar.-- 36.-gnw4k 3-25 -What do wax and testosterone have in common? A. -They are both hormones.-- B. -They are both lipids.-100% C. -They are both proteins.-- D. -They are both steroids.-- -

37.-gnw4k 3-10 -Which of the following is not a monosaccharide? A. -deoxyribose-- B. -cellulose-100% C. -fructose-- D. -glucose-- 38.-gnw4k 3-45 -Proteins are made up of: A. -amino acids.-100% B. -lipids.-- C. -steroids.-- D. -nucleotides.-- E. -sugars.-- 39.-gnw4k 3-13 -Glycogen is a polysaccharide used for energy storage by: A. -plants.-- B. -animals.-100% C. -fungi.-- D. -monera.-- 40.-gnw4k 3-36 -It is recommended to include fish as part of a healthy diet because it contains ________, which lead to a reduction in LDL. A. -omega-3 fatty acids-100% B. -monounsaturated fats-- C. -trans fats-- D. -polyunsaturated fats-- 41.-gnw4k 3-21 -Glycogen is used to store ________ in the ________. A. -glucose, liver-100% B. -glucose, spleen-- C. -protein, liver-- D. -nucleic acids, liver-- -

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E. -protein, muscle-- 42.-gnw4k 3-28 -Which of the following is a type of lipid? A. -oils-- B. -triglycerides-- C. -steroids-- D. -all of the above-100% -

43.-gnw4k 3-3 -Carbon is such an important molecule for life because: A. -it can hydrogen bond to so many molecules.-- B. -it is part of the water molecule.-- C. -it can be bonded ionically.-- D. -it can form chemical bonds with a maximum of four other atoms.-100% E. -it can form isomers.-- 44.-gnw4k 3-43 -________ are the very heart of life, allowing cells to do such things as build structures, speed chemical reactions, and move. A. -Carbohydrates-- B. -Lipids-- C. -Proteins-100% D. -Sterols-- E. -Nucleic acids-- 45.-gnw4k 3-1 -Sugar is an organic molecule because it contains: A. -carbon and oxygen.-- B. -carbon and nitrogen.-- C. -water.-- D. -carbon dioxide.-- E. -carbon and hydrogen.-100% 46.-gnw4k 3-34 -Saturated fats are usually found in: A. -a beef steak.-- B. -canola oil.-- C. -safflower oil.-- D. -coconut oil.-- E. -both A and D-100% -

47.-gnw4k 3-26 -Which of the following lipids is the primary component in cell membranes? A. -steroids-- B. -glycerol-- C. -phospholipids-100% D. -triglycerides-- -

48.-gnw4k 3-37 -You eat a steak. This meal contains mostly of: A. -glucose.-- B. -starch.-- C. -protein.-100% D. -nucleic acids.-- 49.-gnw4k 3-20 -Which of the following is the indigestible (at least for humans) glucose polysaccharide that is found in plants? A. -glycogen-- B. -starch-- C. -cellulose-100% D. -chitin-- 50.-gnw4k 3-42 -Proteins may function as: A. -transport molecules.-- B. -hormones.-- C. -structural building materials.-- D. -enzymes.-- E. -all of the above-100% -

51.-gnw4k 4-49 -Only eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles. Student Response-Value-Correct Answer True -100% -True 52.-gnw4k 4-43 -The large central vacuole of plants: A. -replaces the nucleus.-- B. -produces proteins.-- C. -allows the plant to produce its own food.-- D. -may make up as much as 90 percent of the internal volume of the cell.-100% 53.-gnw4k 4-34 -The cytoskeleton is composed of: -Student Response-Value-Correct Answer-Feedback A. -microfilaments, cilia, and intermediate filaments.-- B. -microfilaments, microtubules, and lysosomes.-- C. -microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules.-100% D. -microtubules, intermediate filaments, and cilia.-- E. -microfilaments, mitochondria, and intermediate filaments.-- 54.-gnw4k 4-19 -Which of the following is the correct order of events in a cell? A. -RNA makes protein; protein makes DNA.-- B. -Protein makes DNA; DNA makes RNA.-- C. -RNA makes DNA; DNA makes protein.-- -

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D. -DNA makes protein; protein makes RNA.-- E. -DNA makes RNA; RNA makes protein.-100% 55.-gnw4k 4-10 -The boundary of a cell is the: A. -cell membrane.-100% B. -cytoskeleton.-- C. -cytosol.-- D. -nucleus.-- 56.-gnw4k 4-37 -Both cilia and flagella are involved in which of the following functions? A. -division of the cell-- B. -movement of materials-100% C. -expelling waste-- D. -energy production-- E. -production of proteins-- 57.-gnw4k 4-26 -Mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar to one another in that: A. -both have their own DNA and are surrounded by a double membrane.-100% B. -both capture the energy of the sun during photosynthesis and store it as sugar.-- C. -both convert the energy of the sugar into ATP for use by the cell.-- D. -both are present in all eukaryotic cells.-- 58.-gnw4k 4-61 -Ribosomes are found only with eukaryotic cells. Student Response-Value-Correct Answer False -100% -False 59.-gnw4k 4-2 -Which of the following is found in plant cells but not in animal cells? A. -nucleus-- B. -chloroplast-100% C. -mitochondria-- D. -ribosomes-- E. -lysosomes-- -

60.-gnw4k 4-1 -The basic building compartments of life on this planet are called: A. -phospholipids.-- B. -proteins.-- C. -energy.-- D. -cells.-100% E. -organelles.-- 61.-gnw4k 4-59 -Plant cells often contain large central vacuoles and chloroplasts. Student Response-Value-Correct Answer -

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True -100% -True Score:-1/1 62.-gnw4k 4-5 -Which of the following describes a prokaryotic cell? A. -A human cells are an example.-- B. -A plant cells is an example.-- C. -It would have mitochondria.-- D. -It would not have a nucleus.-100% E. -It would contain endoplasmic reticulum.-- 63.-gnw4k 4-4 -Which of the following is not considered an organelle? A. -DNA-100% B. -a lysosome-- C. -a mitochondrion-- D. -a ribosome-- 64.-gnw4k 4-63 -Plasmodesmata allow plant cells to actually be connected to each other. Student Response-Value-Correct Answer True -100% -True 65.-gnw4k 4-6 -Which of the following is an example of a eukaryotic cell? A. -a bacterium-- B. -a plant cell-100% C. -a virus-- D. -an archaea-- -

66.-gnw4k 4-3 -Prokaryotic cells lack: A. -internal compartmentalization.-100% B. -DNA.-- C. -proteins.-- D. -ribosomes.-- 67.-gnw4k 4-40 -You owe your very life to chloroplasts. The reason is that: A. -chloroplasts produce all the water and carbon dioxide essential for life.-- B. -like the ancestors of mitochondria, the ancestors of chloroplasts were once bacteria taken up by a eukaryotic cell.-- C. -chloroplasts supply all the ATP needed by living organisms.-- D. -chloroplasts produce the oxygen we breathe and ultimately are the source of most nutrients we consume.100% E. -when we eat plants, it is the chloroplasts that are the nutritious part of plant cells.-- 68.-gnw4k 4-27 -

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-Mitochondria require which of the following in order to function? A. -carbon dioxide-- B. -ATP-- C. -water-- D. -oxygen-100% -

69.-gnw4k 4-44 -An important by-product of photosynthesis is: A. -water.-- B. -glucose.-- C. -starch.-- D. -oxygen.-100% E. -protein.-- 70.-gnw4k 4-33 -What maintains cell shape, anchors organelles in place, and moves materials within a cell? A. -cytoskeleton-100% B. -cilia-- C. -Golgi complex-- D. -hydrogen bonds-- 71.-gnw4k 4-41 -Which of the following is a characteristic of plant cells and not animal cells? -Student Response-Value-Correct Answer-Feedback A. -lysosome-- B. -a central vacuole-100% C. -microtubule-- D. -mitochondrion-- 72.-gnw4k 4-21 -The function of ribosomes is to synthesize: A. -DNA.-- B. -polysaccharides.-- C. -lipids.-- D. -RNA.-- E. -proteins.-100% -

73.-gnw4k 4-58 -Eukaryotic animal cells are surrounded by a cell wall. Student Response-Value-Correct Answer False -100% -False 74.-gnw4k 4-18 -The function of the nucleus is to: A. -contain the cytoplasm.-- B. -add sugars to proteins.-- C. -organize the cytoskeleton.-- D. -produce proteins.-- E. -contain and replicate the DNA.-100% -

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75.-gnw4k 4-62 -Without photosynthesis, humans could not survive. Student Response-Value-Correct Answer True -100% -True Score:-1/1 76.-gnw4k 5-4 -A purpose of the plasma membrane is to: A. -produce proteins.-- B. -allow no contact with other cells.-- C. -keep the contents of a cell together.-100% D. -form ribosomes.-- E. -keep harmful substances within the cell.-- 77.-gnw4k 5-13 -The fatty-acid tails of a phospholipid are: A. -polar.-- B. -hydrophilic.-- C. -hydrophobic.-100% D. -carbohydrate.-- E. -protein.-- 78.-gnw4k 5-52 -The polar region of the phospholipid bilayer faces to the interior of the plasma membrane. Student Response-Value-Correct Answer False -100% -False 79.-gnw4k 5-69 -Water moves freely through a semipermeable membrane. Student Response-Value-Correct Answer True -100% -True Score:-1/1 80.-gnw4k 5-33 -Diffusion is a process by which a substance: A. -goes down the concentration gradient.-100% B. -is at equilibrium.-- C. -goes from lesser to greater concentration.-- D. -goes up the concentration gradient.-- 81.-gnw4k 5-80 -The most up-to-date explanation of the structure of the plasma membrane is called the fluid-mosaic model. Student Response-Value-Correct Answer True -100% -True 82.-gnw4k 5-58 -The "backbone" of the plasma membrane is the phospholipid bilayer. True -100% -True -

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83.-gnw4k 5-7 -The area of the cell membrane where two layers of fatty acid tails face each other is called the: A. -hydrophobic region.-100% B. -glycocalyx.-- C. -integral proteins.-- D. -hydrophilic region.-- 84.-gnw4k 5-6 -Short chains of sugars attached to recognition proteins in the cell membrane make up the: A. -glycocalyx.-100% B. -phospholipid bilayer.-- C. -communication proteins.-- D. -cholesterol.-- 85.-gnw4k 5-10 -Which of the following is a function of the plasma membrane? A. -protection of the membrane-- B. -maintaining fluidity of the membrane-- C. -creating the basic bilayer of the membrane-- D. -controlling the passage of substances into and out of the cell-100% -

86.-gnw4k 5-16 -What is the role of transport and channel proteins within the fluid mosaic of a plasma membrane? A. -They prevent the passage of amino acids through the membrane.-- B. -They may set off cellular changes, such as cell division or hormonal secretion.-- C. -They allow movement of water through the plasma membrane.-- D. -They identify the cell.-- E. -They allow movement of salts and sugars through the plasma membrane.-100% -

87.-gnw4k 5-34 -A type of passive diffusion in which water moves down the concentration gradient through a semipermeable membrane is: A. -equilibrium.-- B. -simple diffusion.-- C. -active transport.-- D. -osmosis.-100% E. -facilitated diffusion.-- 88.-gnw4k 5-22 -Which type of proteins are involved in nutrient transport and why? A. -both integral and peripheral proteins, because they can both span the membrane and thereby are able to carry nutrients across the membrane-- B. -integral proteins, because they are smaller and can travel across the membrane, thereby carrying nutrients across the membrane-- C. -integral proteins, because they span the membrane and thereby are able to carry nutrients across the membrane-100% D. -peripheral proteins, because they span the membrane and thereby are able to carry nutrients across the membrane-- E. -peripheral proteins, because they are smaller and can travel across the membrane, thereby carrying nutrients across the membrane-- -

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89.-gnw4k 5-12 -Phospholipids are: A. -both polar and nonpolar.-100% B. -only nonpolar molecules.-- C. -oil.-- D. -only polar molecules.-- 90.-gnw4k 5-18 -Which of the following is the function of cholesterol in the cell membrane? A. -serving as the main component of the phospholipid bilayer-- B. -transporting nutrients into the cell-- C. -providing structural support of the cell, by attaching to the cytoskeleton-- D. -identifying the cell to other cells-- E. -helping to maintain fluidity in the membrane-100% 91.-gnw4k 5-19 -Which statement below is true? A. -All internal membranes of a cell are just giant invaginations from the plasma membrane.-- B. -All internal cell membranes are similar in structure to the plasma membrane.-100% C. -Vesicle membranes degrade as they fuse with the plasma membrane during exocytosis.-- D. -The only internal membrane of a cell that is similar to the plasma membrane is the nuclear membrane.-- 92.-gnw4k 5-32 -Which statement about diffusion is correct? A. -Diffusion can occur only through a membrane.-- B. -Diffusion causes movement of materials toward equilibrium.-100% C. -Diffusion of water cannot occur.-- D. -Diffusion requires a protein channel.-- 93.-gnw4k 5-35 -If you go to the hospital and require IV fluids, the fluids they give you should be: A. -either hypertonic or isotonic.-- B. -hypotonic to your cells.-- C. -hypertonic to your cells.-- D. -isotonic to your cells.-100% E. -either hypertonic or hypotonic.-- 94.-gnw4k 5-9 -Which of the following would be least likely to diffuse through a phospholipid bilayer? A. -carbon dioxide-- B. -oxygen-- C. -sodium ions-100% D. -water-- E. -the small, nonpolar molecule of butane-- 95.-gnw4k 5-70 -Osmosis is an example of passive transport. True -100% -True Score:-1/1 -

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96.-gnw4k 5-27 -Diffusing molecules move ________ until they are ________. A. -up their concentration gradients; unevenly distributed-- B. -down their concentration gradients; evenly distributed-100% C. -down their concentration gradients; unevenly distributed-- D. -up their concentration gradients; evenly distributed-- E. -through channels of active transport proteins; evenly distributed-- 97.-gnw4k 5-21 -Which of the following is a function of proteins in cells? A. -maintains fluidity-- B. -gives plant cells their shape-- C. -acts to hold phospholipids together within the bilayer-- D. -transports nutrients into a cell-100% E. -produces vesicles for transport-- 98.-gnw4k 5-14 -A phospholipid has ________ fatty acids attached to it. A. -five-- B. -two-100% C. -four-- D. -three-- 99.-gnw4k 5-36 -Plants stay standing upright because of turgor pressure caused by: A. -solutes rushing into the cells, keeping the cells tight.-- B. -water rushing into the cells, keeping the cells tight.-100% C. -bones that run through the plant, holding it upright.-- D. -their cell walls' supporting the plant and keeping the plant standing upright.-- 100.-gnw4k 5-47 -Phagocytosis is a type of ________ in which a cell engulfs another cell. A. -facilitated diffusion-- B. -endocytosis-100% -