CHAPTER II

TWO-WAY EDGE-SUPPORTED SLABS

2.1. Data and specifications
A concrete floor type two-way edge supported slab is considered as a part of a
building. The sizes of the slab are (9.0m x 22. m! with two spans ("! of #. m and fi$e
longitudinal spans (T! of #. m. The floor is realized of concrete %20&2' the steel type
(% 2. The finish is realized of mosaic ()0 mm depth! on a layer of cement plaster of )0
mm depth.
The li$e load is considered* p
k
+ #000 ,&m
2
.
-ire resistance .0 minutes /.0.
0xposure class to en$ironmental conditions 1%2
%oncrete C2!2".
3teel type PC"2.
-or concrete C2!2" the design strength in compression' using relation 2.22 and
Table 2.2*
)) . 2)
. 2
20
2
c
ck
cc cd
f
f

,&mm
2
Tensile strength is obtained with the relation*
2
. 2
. 2
2
0 . 0

c
ctk
ct ctd
f
f

,&mm
2
2 . 2
ctm
f
,&mm
2
Steel reinforcement type PC"2
-or
mm 24 )#
yk
f
,&mm
2

)00
2 . 2
)#

yd
f
,&mm
2


-or
mm 2#

)
yk
f
,&mm
2

)09
2 . 2
)

yd
f
,&mm
2
2.2. S#a$ co%p&tation
2.2.1. Geo%et'ica# data of s#a$
"+ #. m
T+#.m
-ig. 2.2.
5t must arrange the beams in such way that the ratio*
. 2
2
2

l
l

. #
. #

+ 2.00 6 2.
5n this case the slab is reinforced on two directions.
The depth of the slab must respect the following conditions*
222 . 0
#0
. #
#0

l
h
f
m
5f the $ariable action is big' the depth of the slab can be increased' so*
(
f
) 1" %%
2.2.2. P'e#i%ina'* si+in, of $ea%s
-or beams' the minimum depth is*
0 . 9
20
2
20
2
min
l h
+ 0.# m
-or establishing the width of beams' it must respect the condition*
) ... 2
b
h
' so
2
.0 . 0
2

h
b
+ 0.)00 m
7ne chooses b + )00 mm.
The sizes of the beam are * $)- %%. () / %%
2.2.-. Span
-or establishing the spans the pro$isions are gi$en in Appendix 55.
2 2
a a l l
n eff
+ +
f
y y x x
h h
b t
mm
h t
a a a a

,
_

,
_

8
9
2
20
8
2
)00
min
2
8
2
min
' 2 ' 2 ' 2 ' 2
-ig.....
2 #)0 & #)0 &
#)0 9 9 #200
#200
2
)00
2
)00
#00
' '
' '
'

+ +

x eff y eff
y eff x eff
nx ny
l l
mm l l
mm l l

-or 2 the resistant reinforcement is on two directions

2.2.". Loads
Table 2.2.
Type of loads
%haracteristic $alue
,&m
2
n
i
:esign $alues
,&m
2
A. :ead loads
- slab weight
h
p

b
2.0 2.0 + 0.20 2000 2.0 2.0
+
+ )90 ,&m
2
2.2 #22
- mosaic weight
(h
mosaic
+ )0 mm! 2000 ,&m
2
2.) 2)00
- plaster weight
(h
plaster
+ )0 mm!
h
plaster

plaster
2.0 2.0 + 0.0)0 22000 2.0 2.0
+ .)0 ,&m
2
2.) 420
T7TA" :0A: "7A: g
n
+ )90 ; 2000 ; .)0
+ )40
g + #22 ; 2)00 ; 420
+ .2#
<. "i$e load
p
n
+ #000 ,&m
2
p
n
+ #000 2.) p + 200
T7TA" "7A: q
n
+ g
n
; p
n
+ )40 ;
#000 + 9)40
q + g ; p + .2# ;
200 + 22##
2.2./. Statica# co%p&tation = The computation is made in elastic domain
Determination of moments
>aximum negati$e edge moments are obtained when both panels ad?acent to the
particular edge carry full dead and li$e load.
-or positi$e moments there will be little' if any rotation at the continuous edges if
dead load alone is acting' because the loads on both ad?acent panels tend to produce
opposite rotations which cancel' or nearly so. -or this condition' the continuous edge can
be regarded as fixed. 7n the other hand' the maximum li$e load moments are obtained
when li$e load is placed only on the particular panel and not on any of ad?acent panels. 5n
this case' some rotation will occur at all continuous edges.
5f we consider a unit strip from the slab (-ig. 2!' charged with g ; p that can be
replaced with q@ and qA'
2
B
p
g q +
2
C
p
q t
-ig. 2
The interior supports can be considered fixed and the external span is fixed at one
edge and simple supported at the external edge.
Dnder the action of q@' the rotations on the interior supports can be considered
eEual to zero.
Dnder the action of load qA' the rotations are free at all supports8 the strip can be
considered as beam simple supported (-ig. )!.
3o' for the load q@ the panels can be considered liFe single panels with
corresponding edges (continuous or discontinuous! (-ig. #!.
%lear spans and static schemes (elastic domain!
:irection 2
-ig.)a
-ig. #.a.
-ig. #.b.
:irection 2
-ig. ).b.
-or the load qA' the panels are simple supported at all four edges (-ig. #.b!.
7ne uses the coefficients method' which maFes use of tables of moment
coefficients for a $ariety of conditions. These coefficients are based on elastic analysis'
but also account for inelastic redistribution.
5n conseEuence' the design moment in either direction is smaller by an appropriate
amount than the elastic maximum moment in that direction.
2
eff i x
l q M
2
eff i y
l q M

i
'
i
= tabulated moment coefficients
q = uniform load
l
eff
' = length of span in both directions.
A system of beams supports the slab8 some panels' such as (#!' ha$e two
discontinuous exterior edges' while the other edges are continuous with their neighbors.
(anel (! has one edge discontinuous and three continuous edges' the interior panel
(.! has all edges continuous' and so on. At a continuous edge in a slab' moments are
negati$e8 also the magnitude of the positi$e moments depends on the conditions of
continuity at all four edges.
The maximum and minimum moments at midspan on the two directions can be
determined as the sum of the moments gi$en by q@ and qA that act on the single panels' in
function of the ratio*
l
l
2

2
200
.2#
2
B + +
p
g q
+ 44# ,&m
2
2.00
2
C t t
p
q
,&m
2
The coefficients and for determining the bending moments M
x
' M
y
and on
supports are gi$en in Tables ...
0 . 2
. #
0 . . #
2
2

l
l

A. 0o%ents fo' pane#s

(anel type (2!

2
+ 0.0).#.
(anel type (#!

#
+ 0.02.92
(anel type (!

+ 0.022.4

+ 0.02999
(A! (ositi$e moments
(anel type (#!
2
2
2
#
C B
eff eff y x
l q l q M M +
+
+ 0'02.92 44# #.)
2
;0.0).#. 2.00 #.)
2
+ .299.# ,m
(anel type (!
2
2
2

C B
eff eff x
l q l q M +
+
+ 0'022.4 44# #.)
2
t 0.0).#. 2.00 #.)
2
+ 90 ,m
2
2
2

C B
eff eff y
l q l q M t
+
+ 0.02999 44# #.)
2
t 0.0).#. 2.00 #.)
2
+ 20) ,m
(<! >oment on supports
-or determining bending moments on supports for continuous slabs supported on
perimeter under uniform loads it can use the following relations (according to 3TA3 !
(-ig. #a!
2 2

) . # 22## . 0
20
2
20
2

eff a
l q M
+ 20429 ,m
2 2

) . # 22## . 0
22
2
22
2

eff b
l q M
+ 902# ,m
2 2

) . # 22## . 0
4
2
4
2

eff c
l q M
+ 2)). ,m
( ) ( )
2 2
.
) . # 22## . 0 2
20
2
2
20
2

eff d
l q M
+ 20429 ,m
Stee# desi,n
The slab is reinforced on both directions' so it must determine the effecti$e depth
on two directions*
2 &
2 &
2 2
2
y s x s f y
x s nom f x
h d
c h d

'

mm
mm
mm
c
s
20
20 2
20
max
min

mm c c c
tot nom
20 20 20
min
+ +
mm d
mm d
y
x
22 2 & 20 20 20 20
22 2 & 20 20 20


-rom the fire resistance conditions' Table ...-Giss the minimum distance to the
centroid of resistant steel is a
min
+20 mm. -or a diameter of 20 mm the effecti$e distance
to the centroid is*
mm a mm c a
s eff nom eff
20 2 2 & 20 20 2 &
min '
> + +
The necessary steel areas are*
Span of panel 4:
kNm M M
y x
299 . .
0)) . 0 0)02 . 0
)) . 2) 22 20
20 299 . .
2 )
.
2

x
cd x
x
x
f d b
M

m mm
f
f
d b A
yd
cd
x x x s
& 9 . 299
)09
)) . 2)
22 20 0)) . 0
2 )
'

7ne chooses constructi$e steel* )H. ; )H4 & m (A
s
+ 2). mm
2
&m!
0)9 . 0 0)9 . 0
)) . 2) 22 20
20 299 . .
2 )
.
2

y
cd y
y
y
f d b
M

m mm
f
f
d b A
yd
cd
y y y s
& 2 . 294
)09
)) . 2)
22 20 0)9 . 0
2 )
'

7ne chooses constructi$e steel* )H. ; )H4 & m (A
s
+ 2). mm
2
&m!
Span of panel 5
02. . 0 02.4 . 0
)) . 2) 22 20
20 9 .
2 )
.

x x

m mm A
x s
& 2 . 2#0
)09
)) . 2)
22 20 02. . 0
2 )
'

7ne chooses constructi$e steel* )H. ; )H4 & m (A
s
+ 2). mm
2
&m!
0292 . 0 0249 . 0
)) . 2) 22 20
20 20) .
2 )
.

y y

m mm A
y s
& 4 . 2##
)09
)) . 2)
22 20 0292 . 0
2 )
'

7ne chooses constructi$e steel* )H. ; )H4 & m (A
s
+ 2). mm
2
&m!
n s!pports
mm d d
y x
22
0# . 0 02 . 0
)) . 2) 22 20
20 429 . 20
2 )
.
2

y
cd x
a
d a
f d b
M

m mm A
a s
& 29 . 292
)09
)) . 2)
22 20 0# . 0
2 )
'

7ne chooses* .H4 & m (A
s
+ )02 mm
2
&m!
0## . 0 0#)) . 0
)) . 2) 22 20
20 02# . 9
2 )
.

y b

m mm A
b s
& 2 . 2)9
)09
)) . 2)
22 20 0## . 0
2 )
'

7ne chooses constructi$e steel* )H. ; )H4 & m (A
s
+ 2). mm
2
&m!
0.9 . 0 0.#9 . 0
)) . 2) 22 20
20 ). . 2)
2 )
.

y c

m mm A
c s
& 2 . ).2
)09
)) . 2)
22 20 0.9 . 0
2 )
'

7ne chooses* )H4 ; )H20 & m (A
s
+ )4. mm
2
&m!
The reinforcement arrangement is presented in sFetch.............