ISSN 0036-0295, Russian Metallurgy (Metally), Vol. 2009, No. 7, pp. 608609. Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2009.

. Original Russian Text V.G. Zinchenko, N.V. Malkov, M.O. Peshkov, V.E. Roshin, 2008, published in Elektrometallurgiya, 2008, No. 12, pp. 1416.

MANUFACTURE OF FERROUS AND NONFERROUS METALS

Refining of the Forging Ingot Metal from Nonferrous Metals Using High-Activity Elements
V. G. Zinchenko, N. V. Malkov, M. O. Peshkov, and V. E. Roshin
OAO ORMETO-YuUMZ Southern Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia DOI: 10.1134/S0036029509070118

It was found earlier [1] that the contamination of metal with oxide and sulde nonmetallic inclusions decreases and their distribution over the section of large ingots becomes more inform compared to that in a standard metal as result of the modication of a liquid steel used for 6- to 50-t forging ingots by a complex modier (CaMgBaAlSirare-earth metal (REM)) in an automated combined steel processing unit (ACSPU). The contamination of the surface zone of ingots for rolls with nonmetallic inclusions decreases substantially. In estimating the contamination of a metal with nonmetallic inclusions, the number of pure elds of view increases. As was shown in [2], the decrease in the contents of elements induced by the modication of a metal in the ACSPU was
, abs % P S As Sn Zn 0.0040.006 0.003 0.00370.0041 0.00100.0013 0.00600.0172 , rel % 1926 1523 3036 12.517.5 7383

In this work, we studied the effect of the calculated amounts of REMs introduced into a metal by a modier in the ACSPU on the content of nonferrous metals in steel 60KhN and the mechanical properties of large forgings made of steel 17G1S. The modier contained (wt %) 1012% Ca, 11.5% Mg, to 4% Ba, to 2% Al, 4560% Si, 1012% REM, and Fe for balance [3]. Steels 60 KhN and 17G1S were melted in a DSP-50 arc steel-making furnace. The seminished product was deoxidized in a ladle and the ladle with a metal was moved to ACSPU, where the newly formed slag was treated with breeze coke and aluminum. Aluminum was introduced in the form of a wire by a tribe apparatus for nal deoxidation and control of the grain size. The metal in the ACSPU was modied after the introduction of aluminum. The consumption of the modier was 6001200 g/t. 36-t forging ingots were cast from the experimental metal. The content of nonferrous metals in large ingots made of the 60KhN steel and the amounts of the introduced complex REM-containing modier are given in Table 1. The mechanical properties of the 17G1S steel in forgings are presented in Table 2.

Table 1. Content of nonferrous metal impurities in forgings Element As Parameter Maximum content in the metal in the ACSPU, ppm Average content in the forging metal, ppm Absolute decrease, ppm Relative decrease, % Maximum content in the metal in the ACSPU, ppm Average content in the forging metal, ppm Absolute decrease, ppm Relative decrease, % Maximum content in the metal in the ACSPU, ppm Average content in the forging metal, ppm Absolute decrease, ppm Relative decrease, % 608 [REM]calc, % 0.0052 133 97 36 27 82 56 26 31.7 43 42 1 2.3 0.0056 72 72 0 0 55 48 7 12.7 67 48 19 28.3 0.0068 140 72 68 48.6 94 51 43 45.7 37 13 24 64.9 0.0097 105 68 37 35.2 74 67 7 9.5 207 24 183 88.4 0.0100 133 110 23 17.3 81 80 1 0 79 20 59 74.7

Sn

Zn

REFINING OF THE FORGING INGOT METAL FROM NONFERROUS METALS Table 2. Mechanical properties of the 17G1S steel in forgings Parameter Relative elongation, % Relative reduction of area, % Impact toughness at 20C, J/cm2 [REM]calc, % 0 29.4 59.4 57.7 0.0064 30.8 65.0 69.0 0.0070 31.2 67.5 114.0 0.0081

609

32.033.0 68.071.0 129.0

According to the experimental results, the content of nonferrous metals in the forging ingots decreases as the amount of REMs introduced into the liquid steel by the complex modier in the ACSPU increases. This is due to the fact that REMs present in the modier have a high chemical afnity for these elements and xed them with the formation of compounds to be removed from the metal. In studying samples of ingots made of the modied and unmodied 60KhN steel in a JEOL JSM-6460LV scanning electron microscope, we revealed nonferrous-metal impurities in the form of complex inclusions containing REMs [4], which are present in the metallic matrix of only the unmodied ingot. It was found that the conditions most favourable for the removal of nonferrous metals are created in the case of introduction of the modier during processing of the melt in the ACSPU. When the metal is processed by the modier in a mold, the reaction products have no time

to be removed even during simultaneous argon blowing of the metal. REFERENCES

1. V. G. Zinchenko and I. V. Sudorgin, Ladle Processing Rolling Steel by a Complex Modier, in Proceedings of XII International Conference on Modern Problems of Steel Electrometallurgy (Izd. YuUGU, 2004) [in Russian]. 2. V. G. Zinchenko, I. V. Sudorgin, and V. E. Roshchin, Processing 60KhN Steel for Large Ingots by a Complex Modier, Electrometallurgiya, No. 1, 2428 (2006). 3. Ya. E. Goldshtein and V. G. Mizin, Modication and Microallowing of Iron and Steel (Metallurgiya, Moscow, 1986) [in Russian]. 4. V. G. Zinchenko, V. E. Roshchin, and N. V. Malkov, Effect of Modication Technology on the Content and Distribution of Detrimental Impurities in Forging Ingots, Electrometallurgiya, No. 2, 1115 (2007) [Rus. Metall., No. 7, 621625 (2007)].

RUSSIAN METALLURGY (METALLY)

Vol. 2009

No. 7