CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Objective of project Delhi navigator is a web based application with the help of this system we can easily find the
shortest path for visiting the Delhi either by metro route or bus route. Route finder and travel cost estimation are widely available.

1.2 Introduction of project With the help of Delhi Navigator software, we can plan our journey more perfectly. It gives us full knowledge of Bus Route as well as metro Route in Delhi as well as Delhi NCR region. Navigating in virtual environment can either be boring or disorientating. Users are required to move around using keyboard or joystick. The whole design of the building is normally difficult to figure out and the movement control is always cumbersome. The virtual building can be so complicated that it needs not only navigating vertically but horizontally as well. In other words, an animated character is required to move up and down stairs of the building. The complexity now is not only on the environment itself but also on the movement of animated characters. One of the most relevant usability issues in Virtual Environment (VE) navigation is the navigational support provided by its user interface. In the actual world, we are guided by the sign and arrows (of direction). However, in virtual environment it is limited by its views constraint. Perhaps the visitors have a specific purpose of visits. The system that is able to recommend a tour plan saves their time and distance to travel. Furthermore, they also might accomplish the goal of visits. Path planning on the other hand provides a good solution for a visitor to plan their visit. Path planning using shortest path algorithm has been adopted in many path finding
Page | 11

applications. The solution is that how to get from one location to another location in a shortest distance with obstacles avoidance. However, the visit is not only to go from one location to another one location, but it normally involves touring to more than one site. For this reason, optimization is required. Optimization is meant for minimizing travel time while maximizing the purpose of visit. With this requirement, users will satisfy and enjoy navigating in the virtual environment. In any metropolitan city, traveling to new places for a stranger is a very difficult task. If the traveler is a tourist, then it becomes more of a problem because he has to rely on public transport. He/she may not know about the detailed working of the existing transport system, and need not be familiar with the region. Even if he has schedule of the public transport, he wont be able to decide what is the best way to go from one place to another with minimum time spent in traveling, because in cities like Delhi the schedules are very unpredictable and there are always more than one options.

1.3 Delhi Navigator on SMS

Recently, the usage of mobile phones has increased a lot. People using mobile phones are more in number than those using Internet. If this service of getting travel plans is enabled through mobiles by SMS, then it will be more widely used. A person cannot have Internet connection everywhere, but he can carry a mobile phone anywhere and every mobile has an SMS facility. The user can request for a plan by sending SMS to our mobile. Then, we need to transfer that SMS to the server, parse that SMS to find out the source and destination and generate the plan in such a way that it fits into the limit of the number of characters in an SMS. Finally, this plan needs to be transferred to a mobile and sent through an SMS to the requester. This can be one of the extensions to Delhi Navigator. The work involved in this is mobile to computer and computer to mobile data transfer, for which hardwares and softwares are available [muma]. Another issue is the parsing of input data to find out the source and destination and after the generation of plan, we need to make it fit into the character limit of SMS.

Page | 12

1.4 Mumbai Navigator

In any metropolitan city, traveling to new places for a stranger is a very difficult task. If the traveler is a tourist, then it becomes more of a problem because he has to rely on public transport. He/she may not know about the detailed working of the existing transport system, and need not be familiar with the region. Even if he has schedule of the public transport, he wont be able to decide the best way to go from one place to another with minimum time spent in traveling, because in cities like Mumbai the schedules are very unpredictable and there are always more than one options. There has to be some facility to know about the most efficient way to go from one place to another using public transport. In such a situation, a navigator site can help a lot, for guiding users to travel with less amount of money and time loss. Maps are an integral part of any navigator system. It helps user use the system easily and understands the generated plans. Maps also give relative idea about the locations.

1.5 Mumbai Navigator in Brief

Mumbai Navigator is one such site which generates travel plans for traveling in Mumbai using buses and trains. Mumbai Navigator site [Mumb] has been developed by Prof. Abhiram Ranade and his students from Computer Science department, IIT Bombay. The implementation details of the algorithm are explained in the paper [DR00] by Mayur Datar and Prof.Abhiram Ranade. The algorithm running behind this site is from the paper by Spiess and Florian [SF88]. This site is a travelers guide for Mumbai city. The user has to give origin and destination stop names as input and the site will generate plans accordingly. The plans generated are 0, 1 or 2 change over plans. Change overs are changing of the commuting mode at any stop. It also gives the time required for the journey. The output generated is displayed in understandable text format. User can also ask for details about any particular route or stop by giving its proper name as an input. The most important consideration is the generation of a plan, in spite of the unpredictable schedule of buses using route frequencies and stop to stop time estimation. There are some problems with the data generation techniques which will be described briefly in next section. The maps are very important part of a navigator site for input and 3 outputs but currently the system does not have that facility. A Map Engine for the Mumbai Navigator is briefly discussed in consecutive sections.

Page | 13

1.6 Assumptions of the project This project is mainly used in Delhi NCR region. One Bus can be present at a particular time on the Bus Stand. There are many buses of a different routes are present at a single Bus Stand. The time of Arrival and departure of a bus at the Stand is not same. The time must be fixed for a particular bus. Single route can be shared by many buses. Employee of the bus and metro modules are distinct according to their role. There is only one metro present on a station at a particular time. The timing of closing and opening of the doors in metro are fixed. Single line can be shared by many metro The departure and arrival time of a metro from the station will not be same. Fare can be calculated on the basis of no of stations and Bus Stand.

Page | 14

CHAPTER-2 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION

2.1 Introduction

2.1.1 Purpose

Delhi navigator is a web based application with the help of this system we can easily find the shortest path for visiting the Delhi either by metro route or bus route. Route finder and travel cost estimation are widely available. With the help of Delhi Navigator software, we can plan our journey more perfectly. It gives us full knowledge of Bus Route as well as metro Route in Delhi as well as Delhi NCR region. Navigating in virtual environment can either be boring or disorientating. Users are required to move around using keyboard or joystick. The whole design of the building is normally difficult to figure out and the movement control is always cumbersome. The virtual building can be so complicated that it needs not only navigating vertically but horizontally as well. In other words, an animated character is required to move up and down stairs of the building. The complexity now is not only on the environment itself but also on the movement of animated characters.

2.1.2 Scope

Recently, the usage of mobile phones has increased a lot. People using mobile phones are more in number than those using Internet. If this service of getting travel plans is enabled through mobiles by SMS, then it will be more widely used. A person cannot have Internet connection everywhere, but he can carry a mobile phone anywhere and every mobile has an SMS facility. The user can request for a plan by sending SMS to our mobile. Then, we need to transfer that SMS to the server, parse that SMS to find out the source and

Page | 15

destination and generate the plan in such a way that it fits into the limit of the number of characters in an SMS. Finally, this plan needs to be transferred to a mobile and sent through an SMS to the requester. This can be one of the extensions to Delhi Navigator. A navigator site can help a lot, for guiding users to travel with less amount of money and time loss. Maps are an integral part of any navigator system. It helps user use the system easily and understands the generated plans. Maps also give relative idea about the locations. So it is a facility to know about the most efficient way to go from one place to another using public transport.

2.1.3 Definitions, Abbreviations and Acronyms

GUI- Graphical User Interface DBA-Database Administrator

2.1.4 References

During the development of this software we take help of following books, websites, which helps us a lot.
2.1.4.1 Books

Names of these books are as following: 1. Herbert Schildt; Java The Complete Reference; 5th edition, Tata McGraw-Hill 2. Roger S. Pressman; Software Engineering: A Practitioner's Approach; Seventh Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill 3. Patrick Naughton; The Java Handbook, Mcgraw-Hill Osborne Media 4. James R. Groff ; Sql: The Complete Reference; 3rd Edition, McGraw-Hill Osborne Media 5. Phillip Hanna; JSP 2.0: The Complete Reference; Second Edition, Tata McGrawHill

Page | 16

6. Bruce A. Hallberg; Networking: A Beginners Guide; 5th edition, Tata McGrawHill

2.1.4.2 Web links

1 . www.j avab e gi nner. c om 2 . www.ora cl e.com / t ec hnet work/ j ava/ i ndex -j sp -135888.htm l 3 . www.j avat ut ori al hu b.com

2.1.5 Overview

The rest of this SRS document describes the various system requirements, interfaces, features and functionalities in detail.

2.2 Overall Description

2.2.1 Product Perspective

Delhi navigator is a web based application with the help of this system we can easily find the shortest path for visiting the Delhi either by metro route or bus route. Route finder and travel cost estimation are widely available. With the help of Delhi Navigator software, we can plan our journey more perfectly. It gives us full knowledge of Bus Route as well as metro Route in Delhi as well as Delhi NCR region. A navigator site can help a lot, for guiding users to travel with less amount of money and time loss. Maps are an integral part of any navigator system. It helps user use the system easily and understands the generated plans. Maps also give relative idea about the locations.

Page | 17

2.2.1.1 System Interfaces

It is platform independent. Code written once can be compiled on one machine and run on other irrespective of the underlying hardware, software, and operating system.

2.2.1.2 User Interfaces

The users can interact with the system through the use of GUI enabled web pages using any browser i.e. internet explorer, mozilla firefox, google chrome etc.

2.2.1.3 Hardware Interfaces

Main Processor Hard-disk Capacity RAM

Pentium IV or above 8 G.B or more 256 MB or more

2.2.1.4 Software Interfaces

Operating System Technologies

Linux Red Hat, Window XP SP2 or other JSP, Java Scripts Eclipse IDE

Backend tool Environment

Microsoft access Java runtime environment (jre)

2.2.1.5 Communication Interfaces

A Local Area Network Connection will be required to connect between server and client. However Eclipse IDE provides an internal server to be used if client and server are present on same machine.

Page | 18

2.2.1.6 Memory Constraints

At least 256 MB RAM and 1.5 GB space on hard disk will be required for running the application.

2.2.1.7 Operations

DBA at client side will be responsible for manually deleting old/non required data. Installing the software on client hardware. Conducting any user training that might be needed for using the software. Maintaining the system for the period of one year after installation.

2.1.8 Site Adaptation Requirements

The terminals at client side will have to support the hardware and software interfaces specified in the above section.

2.2.2 Product Function

It provides a rich and interactive, database driven website. A free service and easy sign in is there for all the users. A user needs to get registered to get all the benefits of the system. As user has to fill up the registration form and submit it to the database and then all his details will get stored at the server database and he obtains a unique username. After registration process the users are authorized for all the facilities made available.

The system proves to be highly reliable and secure as database is used in the backend of the system. The complete database of all users can only be accessed by the administrator of the website.

Page | 19

2.2.3 User Characteristics

The user shoul d be: comfortable with English language. comfortable using general-purpose applications on a computer.

2.2.4 Constraints

2.2.4.1 Hardware Constraints

The system must be run over the internet, all the hardware required to connect internet will be hardware interface for the system. As for e.g. Modem, WAN LAN, Ethernet Cross-Cable.

2.2.4.2 Software Constraints

The system also requires Data Base for the storing of any transaction in the system like MS Access etc. At the last user need web browser for interacting with the system.

2.2.4.3 Memory Constraints

At least 256 MB RAM and 1.5 GB space on hard disk will be required for running the application.

2.2.5 Assumptions and Dependencies

It doesnt matter how efficiently the application works, if the bandwidth is not sufficient the transaction will take more time than expected.

Although this software is architecturally independent but following hardware resources are required. For example any IBM compatible PC or any other workstation with mouse support and relevant software.

Page | 20

2.2.6 Apportioning of Requirements

Not Required.

2.3 Specific Requirements This contains the software requirements to a level of detail sufficient to enable designers to design the system, and testers to test that system.

2.3.1 External Interface Requirements

2.3.1.1 User Interfaces

The following screens will be provided: A Home screen for the users to have a look at the main features of the website. It explains the whole idea behind the web site. It provide links to navigate to bus mode, metro mode and admin login and various features such as help, shortcuts, feedback, credit etc. A metro module screen describes various features such as source and destination for e.g. from adarsh nagar to dwarka. It also explain the map for various destinations through get plan. Metro module-1 screen explain various services provided by delhi navigator for metro for various destination including services such as fare, total stations covered from source to destination time taken to reach destination for e.g. for adarsh nagar to dwarka fare calculated-rs 27, station covered-32. Metro module-2 screen explains the different lines to choose for e.g. yellow line, red line, blue line and stations according to different lines. Metro module-3 screen asks for displaying list of stations according to different lines selected.

Page | 21

Metro module-4 screen shows the list of different stations according to line selected. For example for yellow line stations are badarpur, tughlaqabad, okhala etc.

Bus module screen shows the plan for bus mode like metro module explaining source and destination and plan to reach final destination. Bus module-1 screen asks to display the list of various stands for a particular route and also number of buses available. Bus module-2 screen explain the bus number, starting stand, destination stand and the route to be followed. Bus module-3 screen explain the list of stand according to particular route, i.e. it explain the list of various stand from source to destination. Bus module-4 screen explains the number of different buses for a single route and also bus stand for different buses through get bus stand. Admin module screen explain administration module, it is admin page explaining add bus stand, add metro station, add line, add route, log out. This page is used to add new information about different module.

Admin module-1 screen allow the administrator to login to homepage and modify the page according to needs. Here administrator provides the username and password.

Admin module-2 screen allow the administrator to add new information about any new bus stand, various fields are source stand, destination stand, bus number, bus starting stand, bus destination stand, route etc.

Admin module-3 screen allows the administrator to add new line information such as station name and line colour. Admin module-4 screen is a feedback form. It allows the different user to provide feedback according to their satisfaction. It includes various fields such as username, email-id, feedback, comments etc.

Admin module-5 screen allows the administrator to add information about new bus route. It asks for two fields stand name and bus number.

Page | 22

2.3.2 System Features

2.3.2.1 Functional Requirements

This section provides requirement overview of the system. Various functional modules that can be implemented by the system will be
Major Modules of the application are: Metro Module Admin Module Bus module. Navigation Module. Fare module.

Module Description

Administrator:With the Help of this module, administrator (DBA) can modify, update the information to the system. Admin is the only authorized person who governs this site. User:With the help of this module, user can interact with the system with correct source and Destination Detail. User give destination and source station details for Metro Module and similarly for Bus Module. Bus Module: With the help of this Module user can choose the bus mode for navigation. And after choosing source stand and destination stand, we can easily get the plan to travel the journey. In this module user get the particular bus number who goes to that particular route and source stand of the bus and destination stand of the bus. Additionally user can also browse route to know the number of stand covered by a particular bus. Metro Module: With the help of this Module user can choose the Metro mode for navigation. And after choosing source station and destination station, we can easily get the plan to travel the journey. In this module user get the fare, station covered and time
Page | 23

taken in the whole journey after entering the route details. User can also browse route to know the number of station present on a particular line. Navigation Module: With the help of this module we can easily get the plan to navigate from one place to another. Security: Security is one of the most important aspects of any project. Following security measures have been taken: Login: This is a sub module of Security Module. This module authenticates and authorizes the user. If the user has forgotten the password then Once visitor is registered with us, now can borrow movie from us but before that he has to choose or make a queue that he/she want to watch in future. And also reserve his/her movie for delivery at his/her place. Session is created after successful login Logout: This module is again sub module of Security. Session expires after successful logout

2.3.2.2 Non Functional Requirements

Hardware Requirements

Main Processor Hard-disk Capacity RAM

Pentium IV or above 8 G.B or more 256 MB or more

Page | 24

Software Requirements

Operating System Technologies

Linux Red Hat, Window XP SP2 or other JSP, Java Scripts Eclipse IDE

Backend tool Environment

Microsoft access Java runtime environment (jre)

2.3.3 Performance Requirements

There is no performance requirement in this system because the server response is depended on the end user internet connection.

request and

2.3.4 Logical Database Requirements

Database is intended to store, retrieve, update, and manipulate information .The following tables in the database are: Bus stand Station_info Login details Line_info Metro line_info Route_info Bus stand route_info Bus_info Bus route_info Feedback_info
Page | 25

Get bus plan_info Get plan_info

2.3.5 Software System Attributes

2.3.5.1 Reliability

The system is very reliable as numbers of wrong outputs are rare as compared to the total number of outputs. Reliability comes due to robust design which has been done to meet all the cases required.

2.3.5.2 Availability

The website will be available at all times, meaning the user can access it using a web browser, only restricted by the down time of the server on which the system runs. It means 24 X 7 availability.

2.3.5.3 Security

The software is password protected for each user has a login ID and a password. No other user can operate without entering correct ID and Password.

2.3.5.4. Maintainability

A commercial database is used for maintaining the database and the application server takes care of the site. The system is easily maintainable. Any new information or new module can be entered into the system easily.

Page | 26

2.3.5.5. Portability

The system is easily portable to any other windows based operating system with Eclipse IDE.

Page | 27

CHAPTER-3 DIAGRAMS

3.1 Data Flow Diagram The DFD also known as the Bubble Chart is a simple graphical formalism that can be used to represent a system in terms of the input data to the system. Various processing carried out on these data, and the output data generated by the system. The main reason why the DFD technique is so popular is probably because of the fact that DFD is a very simple formalism-it is simple to understand and use. A DFD uses a very limited number of primitive symbols to represent the functions performed by a system and the data flow among these functions. Starting with a set of high-level functions that a system performs, a DFD model hierarchically represents various sub functions.

Fig. 3.1 Context Level DFD

Page | 28

Fig. 3.2 Level 1 DFD

Page | 29

Fig. 3.3 Level 2 DFD of Process 2.0

Page | 30

Fig. 3.4 Level 2 DFD of Process 2.5

Page | 31

3.2 ER Diagram

Fig. 3.5 ER DIAGRAM

Page | 32

CHAPTER-4 RESULTS

4.1 HomePage

Fig. 4.1 Home Page A Home screen for the users to have a look at the main features of the website. It explains the whole idea behind the web site. It provide links to navigate to bus mode, metro mode and admin login and various features such as help, shortcuts, feedback, credit etc.

Page | 33

4.2 Metro Module

Fig. 4.2 Metro Module

A metro module screen describes various features such as source and destination for e.g. from adarsh nagar to dwarka. It also explain the map for various destinations through get plan.

Page | 34

Fig. 4.3 Metro Module 1

Metro module-1 screen explain various services provided by delhi navigator for metro for various destination including services such as fare, total stations covered from source to destination time taken to reach destination for e.g. for adarsh nagar to dwarka fare calculated-rs 27, station covered-32.

Page | 35

Fig. 4.4 Metro Module 2

Metro module-2 screen explains the different lines to choose for e.g. yellow line, red line, blue line and stations according to different lines.

Fig. 4.5 Metro Module 3

Page | 36

Metro module-3 screen asks for displaying list of stations according to different lines selected.

Fig. 4.6 Metro Module 4

Metro module-4 screen shows the list of different stations according to line selected. For example for yellow line stations are badarpur, tughlaqabad, okhala etc.

Page | 37

4.3 Bus Module

Fig. 4.7 Bus Module

Bus module screen shows the plan for bus mode like metro module explaining source and destination and plan to reach final destination.

Page | 38

Fig. 4.8 Bus Module 1

Bus module-1 screen asks to display the list of various stands for a particular route and also number of buses available.

Fig. 4.9 Bus Module 2 Page | 39

Bus module-2 screen explain the bus number, starting stand, destination stand and the route to be followed.

Fig. 4.10 Bus Module 3

Bus module-3 screen explain the list of stand according to particular route, i.e. it explain the list of various stand from source to destination.

Page | 40

Fig. 4.11 Bus Module 4

Bus module-4 screen explains the number of different buses for a single route and also bus stand for different buses through get bus stand.

Page | 41

4.4 Admin Module

Fig. 4.12 Admin Module

Admin module screen explain administration module, it is admin page explaining add bus stand, add metro station, add line, add route, log out. This page is used to add new information about different module.

Page | 42

Fig. 4.13 Admin Module 1

Admin module-1 screen allow the administrator to login to homepage and modify the page according to needs. Here administrator provides the username and password.

Page | 43

Fig. 4.14 Admin Module 2

Admin module-2 screen allow the administrator to add new information about any new bus stand, various fields are source stand, destination stand, bus number, bus starting stand, bus destination stand, route etc.

Fig. 4.15 Admin Module 3 Page | 44

Admin module-3 screen allows the administrator to add new line information such as station name and line colour.

Fig. 4.16 Admin Module 4

Admin module-4 screen is a feedback form. It allows the different user to provide feedback according to their satisfaction. It includes various fields such as username, email-id, feedback, comments etc.

Page | 45

Fig. 4.17 Admin Module 5 Admin module-5 screen allows the administrator to add information about new bus route. It asks for two fields stand name and bus number.

Page | 46

CHAPTER-5 COMPARISON AND ANALYSIS

5.1 Comparisons

5.1.1 Working of Present System

In the present system all work is done on paper. The whole session attendance is stored in register and at the end of the session the reports are generated. We are not interested in generating report in the middle of the session or as per the requirement because it takes more time in calculation. At the end of the session the students who dont have 75% attendance get a notice.

5.1.2 Disadvantages of the present system

5.1.2.1Not User Friendly:

The existing system is not user friendly because the retrieval of data is very slow and data is not maintained efficiently.
5.1.2.2 Difficult in report generating:

We require more calculations to generate the report so it is generated at the end of the session. And the student not gets a single chance to improve their attendance.
5.1.2.3 Manual Control:

All calculations to generate report is done manually so there is grater chances of errors.
5.1.2..4Lots of paperwork:

Page | 47

Existing system requires lot of paper work. Loss of even a single/record led to difficult situation because all the papers are needed to generate the reports.
5.1.2..5 Time Consuming:

Every work is done manually so we cannot generate report in the middle of the session or as per the requirement because it is very time consuming.

5.1.3. Characteristics of the proposed system:

5.1.3.1 User Friendly:

The proposed system is user friendly because the retrieval and storing of data is fast and data is maintained efficiently. Moreover the graphical user interface is provided in the proposed system, which provides users to deal with the system very easily.
5.1.3.2 Reports are easily generated:

Reports can be easily generated in the proposed system so user can generate the report as per the requirement (monthly) or in the middle of the session. User can give the notice to the students so he/she become regular.
5.1.3.3 Very less paper work:

The proposed system requires very less paper work. All the data is feted into the computer immediately and reports can be generated through computers. Moreover work becomes very easy because there is no need to keep data on papers.
5.1.3.4 Computer operator control:

Computer operator control will be there so no chance of errors. Moreover storing and retrieving of information is easy. So work can be done speedily and in time.

Page | 48

5.2 Analysis The following tables in the database are:-

5.2.1. BusStand:

It maintains the record of the metro station details.

Field name Stand_id Standname L_loc

Data type Varchar2 Varchar2 Varchar2

Size 50 30 50

Constraint Primary key Not null Not null

Description It is the id for the Bus Stand. Name of the Station. Name location. of the landmark

Table 5.1 Bus Stand

5.2.2. Station_ info:

It maintains the record of the metro station details.

Field name Id Station name Landmark_location

Data type Varchar2 Varchar2 Varchar2

Size 50 30 50

Constraint Primary key Not null Not null

Description It is the id for the station. Name of the Station. Name location. of the landmark

Busstand_Id Junction_type

Varchar2 Boolean

50 50

Foreign key Not null

Id from the BusStand table It give the presence of the Junction.

Table 5.2 Station info

Page | 49

5.2.3. Login Details:

Th his table shall store information of administrator. It contains following

fields.

Field name Userid password

Data type Varchar2 Number

Size 20 10

Constraint Foreign key Not Null

Description User id from Password of the user.

Table 5.3 Login Details

5.2.4. Line_ info:

It maintains the record of the metro station details.

Field name Id Line_color

Data type Varchar2 Varchar2

Size 50 30

Constraint Primary key NotNull

Description It is the id for the line. It refers the color of the Line.

Table 5.4 Line info

5.2.5. MetroLine_ info:

It maintains the record of the metro station details.

. Field name Id Station_Id Line_Id Data type Varchar2 Varchar2 Varchar2 Size 20 50 30 Constraint Primary key Foreign key Foreign key Description It is the id of the metroLine Id from station_info table. Id from Line_info table

Table 5.5 MetroLine_ info

Page | 50

5.2.6. Route_ info:

It maintains the record of the metro station details.

Field name Id Routename

Data type Varchar2 Varchar2

Size 50 30

Constraint Primary key Not null

Description It is the id for the Route. Name of the Route.

Table 5.6 Route_info

5.2.7. BusStandRoute_ info:

It maintains the record of the metro station details.

Field name Id BusStand_Id Route_Id

Data type Varchar2 Varchar2 Varchar2

Size 20 50 30

Constraint Primary key Foreign key Foreign key

Description Id of the BusStandroute Id from busStand table Id from route_info table

Table 5.7 Bus Stand Route_info

5.2.8. Bus_info:

It maintains the record of the metro station details.

Field name Id BusName Busstand_id Table 5.8 Bus_info

Data type Varchar2 Varchar2 Varchar2

Size 50 30 50

Constraint Primary key Not null Foreign key

Description It is the id for the Bus. Name of the Station. Id from busstand table

Page | 51

5.2.9. BusRoute_ info:

It maintains the record of the metro station details.

Field name Id Bus_Id Route_Id

Data type Varchar2 Varchar2 Varchar2

Size 20 20 20

Constraint Primary key Foreign key Foreign key

Description Id of the Busroute Id from bus_info table. Id from route _info table

Table 5.9 Bus Route_info

5.2.10. Feedback_ info:

It maintains the record of the metro station details.

Field name Feedback name Email Comment_type Comment_on

Data type Varchar2 Varchar2 Varchar2 Varchar2 Varchar2

Size 20 20 20 20 20

Constraint Not null Not null Not null Not null Not null

Description Feed back Name of the person Email of the table Type of comment Topic of comment

Table 5.10 Feedback_info

Page | 52

5.2.11. GetBusPlan_info:

It maintains the record of the metro station details.

Field name Id from_stand to_stand Starting_stand Destination_stand Route

Data type Number Varchar2 Varchar2 Varchar2 Varchar2 varchar2

Size 20 20 20 20 20 200

Constraint Primary key Not null Not null Not null Not null Not null

Description id of the table source stand name destination stand name starting stand destination stand Route destination for particular

Table 5.11 Get bus plan_info

Page | 53

5.2.12. GetPlan_info:

It maintains the record of the metro station details.

Field name Id from_station to_station Fare station_covered

Data type Number Varchar2 Varchar2 Varchar2 Varchar2

Size 20 20 20 20 20

Constraint Primary key Not null Not null Not null Not null

Description id of the table source station name destination station name fare during journey Number of station covered in journey

Time

varchar2

20

Not null

Time taken to cover whole journey

Route

varchar2

200

Notnull

Route between source and destination station.

Table 5.12 Get plan_info

5.3 Standardization of the Coding/Code Efficiency

This is the process of improving the speed at which a program executes. Depending on context it may refer to the human process of making improvements at the source level or to a compilers effort to re-arrange code at the assembly level. Whatever optimizations the compiler does, it must not affect the logic of the program i.e. the optimization must preserve the meaning of the program. First and the most important part of optimizing a computer program is to find out where to optimize, which portion or which module of the

Page | 54

program is running slow or using huge

memory. If each part is separately being

optimized then the total program will be automatically faster. The optimizations should be done on those parts of the program that are run the most, especially those methods which are called repeatedly by various inner loops that the program can have. I used the following process for making improvements at the source level: Administrator first authenticates every login. In my project, all the variables that are used by all module; I had kept in one module, because global variables are never allocated to registers. Global variables can be changed by assigning them indirectly or by a function call. Hence, the compiler cannot cache then value of global variable in a register, resulting in extra loads and stores when global variables are used. Minimize local variable. If the number of local variables in a function is less, the compiler will able to fit them into registers. Hence it will be avoiding frame pointer operation a local variables that are kept on stack.

Page | 55

CHAPTER-6 Conclusions & Future Scope

6.1 Conclusions The main aim of my project Delhi Navigator is to help the people of the world who want to visit my beautiful Delhi. With the help of this project, we can save our time to plan our journey. It gives a best way to plan and decide to choose either bus mode or metro mode for visiting the Delhi.

6.2 Future Scope

Most transit trip planning systems are based on static schedules and generate less accurate trips if traffic congestions or accidents delay transit vehicles. In addition, the park-and-ride travel mode 8 is common in metropolitan areas. This paper describes a multimodal trip planning system that provides the park-and-ride travel mode and incorporates real-time traffic and transit information. The overall system consists of a trip planning server, web and cell-based clients, transit vehicle arrival time estimation, customized altering sub-system, and database. Since our system provides multimodal transportation systems, the nodes of underlying networks include intersections, transit stops and stations, parking lots, and time points. The trip planning algorithms are composed of the time-dependent shortest path and K shortest path. The transit arrival prediction model is based on the regression analysis and historical data. In addition, an altering service is implemented to provide customers real-time trip solutions by email or cell message. We conduct preliminary case studies on the South Bay of San Francisco Bay Area. The results show that our trip planning system works satisfactorily. Our future work includes the field testing of the planning system and the implementation of cell phone based.

Page | 56

CHAPTER-7 REFERENCES

During the development of this software we take help of following books websites, which helps us a lot. 7.1 Books Names of these books are as following: 1. Herbert Schildt; Java The Complete Reference; 5th edition, Tata McGraw-Hill 2. Roger E. Pressman; Software Engineering: A Practitioner's Approach; Seventh Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill 3. Patrick Naughton; The Java Handbook, Mcgraw-Hill Osborne Media 4. James R. Groff ; Sql: The Complete Reference; 3rd Edition, McGraw-Hill Osborne Media 5. Phillip Hanna; JSP 2.0: The Complete Reference; Second Edition, Tata McGrawHill 6. Bruce A. Hallberg; Networking: A Beginners Guide; 5th edition, Tata McGrawHill

7 . 2 W eb l i nks

1 . www.j avab e gi nner. c om 2 . www.ora cl e.com / t ec hnet work/ j ava/ i ndex -j sp -135888.htm l 3 . www.j avat ut ori a l hu b.com

I took the help of software engineering concepts as because for proper requirement, analysis and design of our project, we consult it with Roger E. Pressman.
Page | 57