Thermal conductivity is the quantity of heat transmitted through a unit thickness in a direction normal to a surface of unit area, due

to a unit temperature gradient under steady state conditions. Thermal conductivity of some common materials and products are indicated in the table below. 1 W/(m.K) = 1 W/(m.oC) = 0.85984 kcal/(hr.m.oC) = 0.5779 Btu/(ft.hr.oF)

Thermal Conductivity - k - W/(m.K) Temperature - oC Material/Substance 25 Acetone Acetylene (gas) Acrylic Air, athmosphere (gas) Alcohol Aluminum Aluminum Oxide Ammonia (gas) Antimony Argon (gas) Asbestos-cement board Asbestos-cement sheets 0.16 0.018 0.2 0.024 0.17 250 30 0.022 18.5 0.016 0.744 0.166 255 250 125 225

Thermal Conductivity - k - W/(m.K) Temperature - oC Material/Substance 25 Asbestos-cement Asbestos, loosely packed Asbestos mill board Asphalt Balsa wood Bitumen Benzene Beryllium Bitumen Blast furnace gas (gas) Brass Breeze block Brick dense Brickwork, common 2.07 0.15 0.14 0.75 0.048 0.17 0.16 218 0.17 0.02 109 0.10 - 0.20 1.31 0.6 -1.0 125 225

Thermal Conductivity - k - W/(m.K) Temperature - oC Material/Substance 25 Brickwork, dense Cadmium Calcium silicate Carbon Carbon dioxide (gas) Cement, portland Cement, mortar Chalk Chlorine (gas) Chrome Nickel Steel (18% Cr, 8 % Ni) Clay, dry to moist Clay, saturated Cobalt Concrete, lightweight 1.6 92 0.05 1.7 0.0146 0.29 1.73 0. 09 0.0081 16.3 0.15 - 1.8 0.6 - 2.5 69 0.1 - 0.3 125 225

Thermal Conductivity - k - W/(m.K) Temperature - oC Material/Substance 25 Concrete, medium Concrete, dense Concrete, stone Constantan Copper Corian (ceramic filled) Corkboard Cork, regranulated Cork Cotton wool Carbon Steel Cotton Wool insulation Diatomaceous earth (Sil-o-cel) Diatomite 0.4 - 0.7 1.0 - 1.8 1.7 22 401 1.06 0.043 0.044 0.07 0.029 54 0.029 0.06 0.12 51 47 400 398 125 225

Thermal Conductivity - k - W/(m.K) Temperature - oC Material/Substance 25 Earth, dry Engine Oil Ether Ethylene (gas) Epoxy Ethylene glycol Felt insulation Fiberglass Fiber insulating board Fiber hardboard Fireclay brick 500oC Foam glass Freon 12 (gas) Freon (liquid) 1.5 0.15 0.14 0.017 0.35 0.25 0.04 0.04 0.048 0.2 1.4 0.045 0.073 0.07 125 225

Thermal Conductivity - k - W/(m.K) Temperature - oC Material/Substance 25 Gasoline Glass Glass, Pearls, dry Glass, Pearls, saturated Glass, window Glass, wool Insulation Glycerol Gold Granite Gravel Gypsum or plaster board Hairfelt Hardboard high density Hardwoods (oak, maple..) 0.15 1.05 0.18 0.76 0.96 0.04 0.28 310 1.7 - 4.0 0.7 0.17 0.05 0.15 0.16 312 310 125 225

Thermal Conductivity - k - W/(m.K) Temperature - oC Material/Substance 25 Helium (gas) Hydrochlor acid (gas) Hydrogen (gas) Hydrogen sulfide (gas) Ice (0oC, 32oF) Insulation materials Iridium Iron Iron, wrought Iron, cast Kapok insulation Kerosene Krypton (gas) Lead Pb 0.142 0.013 0.168 0.013 2.18 0.035 - 0.16 147 80 59 55 0.034 0.15 0.0088 35 68 60 125 225

Thermal Conductivity - k - W/(m.K) Temperature - oC Material/Substance 25 Leather, dry Limestone Magnesia insulation (85%) Magnesite Magnesium Marble Mercury Methane (gas) Methanol Mica Mineral wool insulation materials, wool blankets .. Molybdenum Monel Neon (gas) 0.14 1.26 - 1.33 0.07 4.15 156 2.08 - 2.94 8 0.030 0.21 0.71 125 225

0.04

138 26 0.046

Thermal Conductivity - k - W/(m.K) Temperature - oC Material/Substance 25 Nickel Nitrogen (gas) Nylon 6 Oil, machine lubricating SAE 50 Olive oil Oxygen (gas) Paper Paraffin Wax Perlite, atmospheric pressure Perlite, vacuum Plaster, gypsum Plaster, metal lath Plaster, wood lath Plastics, foamed (insulation materials) 91 0.024 0.25 0.15 0.17 0.024 0.05 0.25 0.031 0.00137 0.48 0.47 0.28 0.03 125 225

Thermal Conductivity - k - W/(m.K) Temperature - oC Material/Substance 25 Platinum Plywood Polyethylene HD Polypropylene Polystyrene, expanded Polystyrol Polyurethane foam Porcelain Propane (gas) PTFE PVC Pyrex glass Quartz mineral Rock, solid 70 0.13 0.42 - 0.51 0.1 - 0.22 0.03 0.043 0.03 1.5 0.015 0.25 0.19 1.005 3 2-7 125 71 225 72

Thermal Conductivity - k - W/(m.K) Temperature - oC Material/Substance 25 Rock, porous volcanic (Tuff) Rock Wool insulation Rubber, natural Sand, dry Sand, moist Sand, saturated Sandstone Sawdust Silica aerogel Silicone oil Silver Slag wool Slate Snow (temp < 0oC) 0.5 - 2.5 0.045 0.13 0.15 - 0.25 0.25 - 2 2-4 1.7 0.08 0.02 0.1 429 0.042 2.01 0.05 - 0.25 125 225

Thermal Conductivity - k - W/(m.K) Temperature - oC Material/Substance 25 Sodium Softwoods (fir, pine ..) Soil, with organic matter Soil, saturated Steel, Carbon 1% Stainless Steel Straw slab insulation, compressed Styrofoam Sulfur dioxide (gas) Tin Sn Zinc Zn Urethane foam Vermiculite Vinyl ester 84 0.12 0.15 - 2 0.6 - 4 43 16 0.09 0.033 0.0086 67 116 0.021 0.058 0.25 17 19 125 225

Thermal Conductivity - k - W/(m.K) Temperature - oC Material/Substance 25 Water Water, vapor (steam) Wood across the grain, white pine Wood across the grain, balsa Wood across the grain, yellow pine, timber Wood, oak Wool, felt Wood wool, slab Xenon (gas) 0.12 0.055 0.147 0.17 0.07 0.1 - 0.15 0.0051 0.58 0.016 125 225

1 W/(m.K) = 1 W/(m.oC) = 0.85984 kcal/(h.m.oC) = 0.5779 Btu/(ft.h.oF) = 0.048 Btu/(in.h.oF)