EG1109 (Part II) Mechanics of Materials

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EG1109: STATICS and MECHANICS OF MATERIALS INQUIRY-BASED TUTORIAL 4 Question 1

A rectangular block is subjected to the resultant forces shown; the loads are applied uniformly over the surfaces indicated. The material has a Youngs modulus E = 25 GPa and a Poissons ratio = 0.2.

180 kN

200 mm
50 kN

100 mm
100 kN

120 kN 50 mm

y x z

60 kN

(a) Following the Cartesian coordinate axes illustrated, determine the values of the stress and strain components describing the state of the material, and write them down according to the matrix layout below:

xx [ ] = yx zx

xy xz yy yz zy zz

xx [ ] = yx zx

xy xz yy yz zy zz

[Note that the shear modulus can be calculated from the relationship between Youngs modulus, shear modulus and Poissons ratio: E = 2G(1+).] (b) What is the ratio of the final to the original (unloaded) volume of the block (calculate to 4 decimal places)? Also, calculate to 4 decimal places the sum of the three normal strain components and compare this value with the ratio of the final to the initial volume; what can you deduce about the significance of this quantity? (c) What single force acting on the x-face would generate the same change in length in the x-direction as that experienced by the loaded block?

EG1109 (Part II) Mechanics of Materials

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Question 2
A pair of 12 mm thick, stiff rubber brake pads is used to stop a moving wheel. When the brakes are applied, the rubber is deformed, its profile becomes parabolic and follows the equation x = Cy2, where C = 3.645 m-1. Where is the shear strain in the brake pad the largest and what is its value? (Remember to use consistent units in your calculations.)

12 mm

Brake Pad

Wheel y x

EG1109 (Part II) Mechanics of Materials

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Question 3
A column support comprises an outer aluminium alloy hollow box section, within which is a solid brass column, also of square cross-section. The top of the brass column is attached to a rigid plate and a 500 kN force F is applied to the centre of the plate. There is a gap h between the top of the outer box and the bottom of the plate. (a) Determine the stress in the two materials and how much the aluminium and brass components have shortened by. (Neglect self-weight.) (b) Do you think the square hole within the aluminium alloy section becomes smaller or larger after loading? (You can reason this out without necessarily doing any calculations.) Dimensional and material data (use only what you need): h = 0.5 mm, L = 1 m EAl = 70 GPa, Al = 0.3, = 2700 kg/m3 Ebrass = 100 GPa, brass = 0.35, = 8400 kg/m3

F h Rigid Plate

Aluminum tube L

Brass core

40 mm 50 mm 70 mm

EG1109 (Part II) Mechanics of Materials

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Question 4
A system of pin-jointed links is subjected to a 20 kN load as shown. The vertical supports CD and EF have identical solid circular cross-sections and are made of steel (E = 205 GPa). If the rotation of the rigid bar AB is not to exceed 0.1o, what is the minimum diameter of the two supports? (Neglect self-weight and possible buckling of the supports.)

0.5 m

0.7 m F 0.3 m 30o D A 20,000 N

1.0 m

EG1109 (Part II) Mechanics of Materials

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Question 5
A pinned system comprising bars of the same material and cross-sectional area is subjected to a vertical load P. (a) Show that the forces in the bars are related to the load by:

FAB = FAD

P cos2 = 1 + 2 cos3

FAC =

P 1 + 2 cos3

(b) If P = 150 kN, what is the cross-sectional area of the bars if the maximum allowable normal stress is 300 MPa and a safety factor of 2 is to be incorporated?

0.5L

0.5L