lA

youLf and I and present verbbe: E tense

Listen and repeat the examples.Then read the rules'

E
I'm Rob. You're in room 2. (I'm = I ant) (Yoire = Youare)

f?-l
Ltl

V
i'm late. Am i late?

tr
No, you aren't. No, I'm not'

you are. Yes, Am I late? I am. Are you Holly? Yes,

(arerr't-- ttre not)

NOT 'A,m-*oh I'm Rob. NOT i-m=Roh Rob. I'm

+i

?l

IB @

it E and present [l verbbe;he,she, tense

n
1

Listen and repeat the examples.Then read the rule.

l

r
i + l I I rrs late.

tr
No, he isn't. No, she isn't. No, it isn't. (istit: is rtot)

(Het = He is) He's from Italy. She'sfrom Spain. (Shes: Shels) (Irs = 1r is) It's from China. . he = m an ( 6) , s h e= w o m a n ( ? ), i f = th i n g

Yes, he is. Is he late? she is. Is she from Turkey? Yes, Yes, it is. Is it good?

i?l

Is l i c l ate?

Where [7] withWhotand

What's your name? Where are you from? Where's he from?

IC
CD

(allpersons) present verb be we,yott,they;negatives tense

Listen and repeat the examples.Then read the rules'

bepluralE
(We're= We ttre) We're American. You're fapanese. (Yotire= You are) They're Hungarian. (They're= Theyore) . weandyou= 6 and I ' yoLtsingularand you plural are the same. . they = d, ? , and things

answers and short bepluralLL

t?l

v)

tr

you are. No, you aren't' Yes, Are we late? we are. No, we aren't. Are you from Russia? Yes, Yes,they are. No, they aren't. Are they Mexican?

fu E allpersons

tr

o I an,the nouns; andplural 2A singufar

Listen and repeat the examples.Then read the rules'

o I onor thd!
a/qn What is it? It's a bag.It's an umbrella.

What is it?

It's a book.

What are they? TheY'rebooks.

the Look at the board. Open the door. Closethe windows. Use a I anwith singular nouns' e.g. a book,an umbrella. IJseanwith words beginning with a vowel (a, e, i, o, u), e.g. an identitY card. Don't use 4 | an + plural nouns' e.g. they'rebooksNOT llse the + singular or plural nouns, e.g. the door, the windows

Singular I a book an umbrella a holiday 2 a watch 3 a dictionary

Plural books umbrellas holidays +s

*"rct

",

i,rl -It t*.dt

ss,x)

."ai.tg ,h, ,h, ',

dictionaries / + ies(words.endingin + Y) consonant

28 @

possessive s possessive adiectives;

Listen and repeat the examples.Then read the rules'

Then readthe Listenand repeatthe examples. rules. s Possessive

adiectives Possessive
I ' m f r o m s p a i n .- @
He's from Rome. She'sfapanese. Your name is Ben. His name is Marco. Her name is Maki.

It's a parrot.___
We're fro- Bturil. You're Polish. Th"r, * f.om Moi.o.

ttryg*qIPollY.
Our namesare Selmaand Lurs' Your namesare Marek and Ania' Their namesare Pedro and Maria.

Miranda is Carrie'sfriend. This is fack'scar. Ella is Ben'swife. My sister'sname is MollY. . LJset after a person to talk about family and things, e.g. Ann's brother,Jim's car-

. your names, our booksNoT y{ff}natrs, oursrboo'ks . its- for thingsor animals, e.g.TheFerrariis a veryfast car. is 250 kPh. Its top speed

s) A Ella is Ben'swife. ( t - possessive American.Her name'sElla. ('s - is) She's

2C adiectives @ Listen and repeat the examples.Then read the rules'

A Ferrari is expensive. It's a fast car. are new. My glasses They're old men.

Useadjectives: NOT zq@hre-is; - after the verb be,e.g.A Ferrari is expensive. - beforea noun, e.g. It'sa fast car.NOT +ds-aear{ast arethe samefor singularand plural: Adjectives old men.NOT @ He'san old man. They're a goodgirl' He'sa goodboy' arethe samefor 9 and d , e.g. She's Adjectives

5A
i 5.5

I and simPle: present

i+i citY cetrtre. tl-re I live ir-r You live neilr here.

and

read the rules' Listen anclrepeat the examples'Then

i ,1.1l )s 1- I I yort+ ver b' . P resent si rnpl e

here?Nor @ ;.-t" yo,iliwnenr

I do' NOT Yes-l+ive O:oyou live here?Yes' J\ lmPeratives = up' Listen'etc' tir irnPerative Wait! Stand -; irnperative= Dott't+ verb, e'g' Don't worr)/' Dtuit be lote,etc.

simplei+i is the sane for I and yott' Present simple iji for I I yotr = doit + verb; Present NoT tive irt tie ci,tycentre' a,n,r't ".g.i

58

we,you,theyl+ l,i- l, and ? I simPle: present

reaclthe rule' r.l.l0 ,r Listen and repeat the exarnples.'Ihen

l+i
We have coflee for breakfirst' You have rice for lul'rch'

We don't have teaifilr breakftlst' You don't have palstafcrr lttncl-r'

No, we don't. we do. Do you have cclffee? Yes, No, they don't. do. they Yes, Do they have tea? l, . P resent si mpl et* l ,i -;, and i ? I i s the same for Yott, we,yoLt(Plural), and theY'

They have f-ishfor ciir-rtrer'

Theydon't havetleat!1!ry:l

5C

sti m p l eh : e ,s h ei,t \ + "i,- l ' a n di ? presen

Then read the rules' r r.tz ' Listen and repeatthe exanlples'
I tlotr't tvtlrl<. Yolt tlotr't u'tlrk. He doesn't work. She doesn't work. It doesn't work. Wc tlotl't u'tlrli. Yott c'ltttl'ttvtlrli. 'l'hc,v cltlt-t't r'vorl<.. I)tt I n'ork? l)tt Ytltt n'tlrli? Does he work? Does she work? Does it work? I)o tvc rvtlrk? l)o yotr tvorli? l)o thcv u'tlrk? Ycs, I cltl. Ycs, I clo. Yes,he does. Yes,she does. Yes,it does. Ycs, tvc c1tl. \ts, ,vttttcltl' Y e s ,t h c t ' c l o .
Nil, I tltlt-t't. No, I cltltl't.

I rvorl<. Vrlt rvttrl<. He works. She works. It works. Wc rvttrk. Vrtt rvttrk.. 'l'hev rvctrlt.

No, he doesn't. No, she doesn't. No, it doesn't.

No, \\,c cltlt-t'1. Nt), \'t)Ll cltltl't. No. thcy cltltr't.

ltol ) rioc-s

simPle he I sheI i t \ i r - v e r b + s Present + verb sinPle he I sheI it',:',= dogsn't Present i r+ vertr + simPle he I sheI i t' t? \ D o e s h e I sl rcl Present

s 5rdPerson rules Spelling

I rvorli itr itt.ttlfflcc. I l i v ci n S p a i n . ( lN N . I n, at c h I f lnis hr v o rka t 8 ' 0 0 . historY. I sttrcly
He works ilr artrofflce'+ -s He livesin Spairl. -{) t c's(rvtlrclscrtciirlg'/t' -s/l'-s-s' CNN. She watcl-res 'I'he at []'00' film fir-rishes y l icsttt"lr'at ttttlit'rg history' He sttrdies

sarle as for plr-rrals' Spellingrules for 3rcl persoll s are the

du lrregularI have he I sheI it has lhiezl

Ido Igo

he I slrcI it does lclnzl he I sheI it goeslgatsz-l

4A

+ adverbs present sometimes, never olwoys, usuolly, simple of frequency:

I always have breakfhst. They usually finish work at 5.00. Shesometimeswatches TV in the evening. He never eatsmeat. Be careful with the posrlion of adverbs of frequency: I always have breakfast.NOT @ @ With never,use a [+l verb: He nevereatsmeat NOT

(-4.6 ) Listen and repeat the examples.Then read the rules.

4B Word order in questions

(+.s) Listen and repeat the questions.Then read the rules.
with be Questions Qucstion Verb SLrbject they this you? you it? American? your coat? from? Are Is How old are Where are What tin-re is

withspeok, live,etc. Questions

Questi on Where What What music When How A uxi l i ary S ubj ect Do do does do does do yolr yolr your sister you fane yolr Infi ni ti ve( = ver t r ) speakEnglish? live? do? like? go to the gyn-r? spell it?

Word order = [+l Subject verb , ] r ''re American. American? Fl Verb subject Are

. Word order = ASI (Auxiliary Subject Infinitive)

je b c t rnnnitive ) e1:;:t'65iT:"!i,*,r,^, rsu

Wheredo you live?

4C

conI con't [L [f, and[f ]

permission possibility con and I con't'. r+r t-l
You can park here. He can come to dinner tonight. We can havelunch outside. You can't park here. (corit - cttttrtot) He can't corre to dinner tor-right. We can't havelunch outside.

Q.rt) Listen and repeat the examples.Then read the rules.

rI
Can I park here? Can they come to dinner?

l4
you can. Yes) Yes, they can.

iu
No, you can't. No, they can't.

Use can I can't for permission or possibility. - You canpark here. = You have permission. Youcan'tpark here.\ = You don't have permission. - I can cometo dinner tonight. = It's possible. I can't cotneto dinner tonight. = It isn't possible. can I can'f is the same for 1,you, he, she,etc. 7J)= Can I parkhere?NOT @

You I What do you do? I'm a doctor. (singular) 2 Where do you live?We live in Boston.(plural) 3 You can't smoke here.(= people in general)

5A
5.2

past simple: be
Then read the rules. Listen and repeatthe examples. + I was a teacher. yesterday. You were at scl-rool He was trt hornelast night. It was hot lastweek. We were at rvork. You were in a hurry. They were in Canirda. ?l
Were you late? Was she ii singer? Were they in Mexicc-rlast week?

i(ttz-sl'/= tttl-s rlrrl) I wasn't a teeicher. = (n,crctt'l tvcrcttot) You weren't ettschoolyesterdav. He wasn't at hotne last night. It wasn't l-rotlastweelt. We weren't at work. You weren't in a l-rtrrry. Theyweren't in Canada.

lri
\'es, I was. \'es, she was. \'es, they were.

tr
Nct, I wasn't. No, she wasn't. No, they weren't.

Present to past: am I is -> was, are -> were He is at home today. He was at home yesterday. Use the past simple to talk about finished past time. You can use the past simple with thesepast time s: this morning, expression yesterday,last night, last week,last month, last year.

5B

past go,get have, simple:.

+ I got up early yesterdily. irr bed. You had breakfrist He went to ivork by car. We got up late today. You went to school. They had dinner at honre. (tlidit : tlitl ttot) I didn't get up earlyyesterciay. You didn't have breakfastin bec'l. He didn't go to rvork by car. We didn't get up late today. You didn't go to school. at home. They didn't have dinr-rer Use the past simple for finished past trme. have,go, and get areirregular verbs. Present to past: i+) I have-> I had I go ->I went I get -> I got i,-)I don't haveI go I get -> I didn't hqve I go I get NOT ffi*vent D o you haveI go I get . . . ? 11) -> Did you have I go I get...? NOT myou-ffin+? Did is the past of do. The past simple is the same for all persons.

5 . 1 I Listen and repeatthe examples. Then read the rules.

iil

1/)

xl
No, I didn't. No, she didn't. No, they didn't.

I did. Did you go to scl'rool yesterday? Yes, Yes, she did. Did she get up early? Yes, they did. Did they have lur-tch at work?

5C

past verbs simple: regular

+
I arrived carly. You finished the book. He wanted a coffbe. The film endedat 7.00. We studiedSpanish at school. You worked late. They stopped at a cafd. i_ I didn't arrive early. You didn't finish the book. He didn't want arcoffee. The film didn't end art7.00. at school. We didn't study Spanisl-r You didn't work late. They didn't stop at a caft.
,y'1

. 5 . 1 5 Listen and repeatthe examples. Then read the rules.

' regular past verbs: +l = verb + ed,e.g. work-> worked . verbswith final e = * d, -> changed change ".g. = verbs with final consonant + y l/ + ied, e.g. cry -> cried verbs with final consonant / vowel / consonant = double final consonant + ed, e.g. stop --> stopped,prefer -> preferred ' i-l = I didn't arrive early NOT {-did#+arived l? i = Did you watch TV...? NOT Di*nou-watehtc

i?l
'fV

id
No, I didn't. No, she didn't. No, they didn't.

Yes, I did. yesterclay? Did you watch Yes, she did. Did she walk to work? Yes, they did. Did they play teur-ris?

6A
@

is I there are there

Listen and repeat the examples.Then read the rules. Singular Plural l+ | There are two beds. There are sorne pictures. 1- | There aren't any towels. There aren't anv pillows. Plural

tr-l There's a TV.

There'sa bath. tr Thereisn't a phone. Thereisn't a garden.
Singular

f?-l Is there a car park? Y) Yes,there is. Is there a gym? iI No, there isn't.
t . l

tr
' . . . .

E] tr

Are thereany lifts?

Yes, thereare.

Are thereany cupboards? tE No, therearen't.

There's a TV in my hotelroom.= the room hasa TV IJsesomeand any + plural nouns. - you don't sayhow many. some to anyfor E and E. some changes thereis.NOT Yesrthere+ e.g. Yes, Don't contract thereis in short answers,

68
@

therewos I therewere
Listen and repeat the examples.Then read the rules. Singular l+l Therewasastation. There was a road. E] Therewasn't an airport. There wasn't a swimming pool. Singular Plural I + | There were some hotels. There were ten bars. l_l There weren't any big shops. There weren't any tall buildings. Plural

tr Was there a park?

fT
l . t

Yes,there was.

Was there a shopping centre?

tr No, there wasn't.

tr tr

Werethereany hotels?

therewere. V Yes, Werethereany restaurants? tr] No, thereweren't.

, .

therewasI therewereis the past tenseof thereis I thereare 6A thereis I thereare) some I ory,(See

6C
@

pronouns object
Listen and repeat the examples.Then read the rule. Subject pronoun I'm vour teacher. You'relost. He was at the party. She never listens. It's a beautiful coat! We aren't friends. They're good books. Object pronoun Do you want to speakto me? Can I help you? I saw him. Don't talk to her. I want it for Christmas. They don't speakto us. Why don't you read them?

. LJse object pronouns (me, him, etc.) as the object of a verb or after prepositions.

7A
@

like+ verb+ -ing

Listen and repeat the examples.Then read the rules. What do you like doing at the weekend? I like walking in the mountains. I love cooking. I don't like studying.

. IJseverb + -ing after like and love. . Spellingrulesfor the -ingform:

Infinitive read fly cycle swim verb + -ing Spelling

+ tng I like reading. Shedoesn'tlike flFrg. He loves cycling. /+ing one vowel + one consonant= We like swimming. + i ng d o u bl econsonant He doesn'tlike shopping.

A Don't double final x and w, e.g. boxing, snowingNoT beleri*g,

78
@

Future begoing fo (plans)

tr

Listen and repeat the examples.Then read the rules.

tr

I'm going to come to classon Friday. You're going to go to Paris this weekend. He's going to buy a new car. We're going to fly. They're going to stay with us.

I'm not going to come to classon Friday. You aren't going to go to Paris this weekend. He isn't going to buy a new car. We aren't going to fly. They aren't going to stay with us.

f?-l
l . l

tr

Are you going to travel? Yes,I am. No, I'm not. Is she going to seethem? Yes,she is. No, she isn't. Are they going to swim? Yes,they are. No, they aren't. Use be + going fo * verb to talk about future plans. You can use future time expressions,e.g. tomorrow, next weelgetc.

7C
@

Future begoing fo (predictions)

Listen and repeat the examples.Then read the rule. I 2 3 4 It's going to rain. I think you're going to like it. What's going to happen next? They're going to have a fantastic time in New York.

You can use be + going fo * verb to make predictions for the future.