Huawei BSC Description

HUAWEI BSC6000 System Description

Commercial in Confidence i

Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction to BSC6000.............................................................................................1
Chapter 2 Key Benefits................................................................................................................3
2.1 About This Chapter ...........................................................................................................3
2.2 Large Capacity and High Integration..................................................................................3
2.3 Flexible Configuration........................................................................................................4
2.4 Comprehensive Functions.................................................................................................4
2.4.1 Overview ................................................................................................................4
2.4.2 Basic Functions ......................................................................................................5
2.4.3 Optional Functions..................................................................................................5
2.5 Advanced RRM Algorithms ...............................................................................................7
2.5.1 Overview ................................................................................................................7
2.5.2 Power Control .........................................................................................................7
2.5.3 Handover................................................................................................................7
2.5.4 Radio Resource Allocation......................................................................................7
2.6 Smooth Upgrade and Capacity Expansion ........................................................................8
2.7 Compatibility with the Protocol Versions............................................................................8
2.8 Convenient Operation & maintenance...............................................................................8
2.9 Carrier-Class Reliability Design.........................................................................................9
Chapter 3 System Architecture .................................................................................................10
3.1 About This Chapter .........................................................................................................10
3.2 Hardware Structure.........................................................................................................10
3.2.1 Cabinet Appearance .............................................................................................10
3.2.2 Cabinet Configuration ...........................................................................................11
3.2.3 GIMS....................................................................................................................13
3.2.4 Service Subrack....................................................................................................14
3.2.5 Board....................................................................................................................17
3.3 Logical Structure.............................................................................................................18
3.4 Hardware Configuration ..................................................................................................20
3.4.1 Minimum Configuration .........................................................................................20
3.4.2 Maximum Configuration ........................................................................................21
3.4.3 Typical Configuration ............................................................................................23
Chapter 4 Functions...................................................................................................................25
4.2 Basic Functions...............................................................................................................25
4.2.1 Band Supporting...................................................................................................25

Commercial in Confidence ii

4.2.2 Service Provisioning .............................................................................................25
4.2.3 Mobility Management ............................................................................................25
4.2.4 Cell Selection........................................................................................................26
4.2.5 Call Control...........................................................................................................26
4.2.6 Handover..............................................................................................................26
4.2.7 Power Control .......................................................................................................26
4.2.8 Measurement Report ............................................................................................26
4.2.9 Adjustment of Adaptive Timing Advance ...............................................................26
4.2.10 Radio Resource Management.............................................................................27
4.2.11 System Information.............................................................................................27
4.2.12 O&M Functions...................................................................................................27
4.2.13 LAPD Multiplexing on the Abis Interface..............................................................27
4.2.14 Reliability and Maintainability ..............................................................................27
4.2.15 A Interface Functions ..........................................................................................27
4.2.16 Supporting Three-Digit MNC...............................................................................28
4.2.17 STM-1.................................................................................................................28
4.2.18 Message Tracing ................................................................................................28
4.2.19 Cell Frequency Scan...........................................................................................29
4.2.20 TCH Reassignment.............................................................................................29
4.3 Optional Functions..........................................................................................................29
4.3.1 SDCCH Dynamic Adjustment................................................................................29
4.3.2 PDCH Dynamic Adjustment ..................................................................................29
4.3.3 Concentric Cell .....................................................................................................29
4.3.4 Enhanced Full Rate ..............................................................................................30
4.3.5 Half Rate ..............................................................................................................30
4.3.6 Ciphering..............................................................................................................31
4.3.7 Short Message Service Cell Broadcast..................................................................31
4.3.8 Frequency Hopping...............................................................................................31
4.3.9 TRX Mutual-Assistance.........................................................................................31
4.3.10 Cell Frequency Scan...........................................................................................31
4.3.11 Satellite Transmission.........................................................................................32
4.3.12 Extended Cell .....................................................................................................32
4.3.13 GPRS.................................................................................................................32
4.3.14 EGPRS...............................................................................................................32
4.3.15 2G/3G Interoperability.........................................................................................32
4.3.16 Multi-Band Networking........................................................................................33
4.3.17 Semi-Permanent Connection ..............................................................................33
4.3.18 DTX and DRX.....................................................................................................33
4.3.19 Extended Frequency Band..................................................................................33
4.3.20 eMLPP................................................................................................................34
4.3.21 Network-Assisted Cell Change............................................................................34

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4.3.22 High Speed Signaling..........................................................................................34
4.3.23 Local Multiple Signaling Points............................................................................34
4.3.24 LCS....................................................................................................................35
4.3.25 Adaptive Multi Rate.............................................................................................35
4.3.26 Speech Quality Enhancement .............................................................................35
4.3.27 TFO....................................................................................................................35
4.3.28 Coverage enhanced............................................................................................36
Chapter 5 O&M...........................................................................................................................37
5.2 O&M Topology................................................................................................................37
5.2.1 LMT......................................................................................................................38
5.2.2 iManager M2000...................................................................................................38
5.3 O&M Function.................................................................................................................39
5.3.1 Security Management ...........................................................................................39
5.3.2 Maintenance Management....................................................................................40
5.3.3 Software Management ..........................................................................................41
5.3.4 Performance Management....................................................................................41
5.3.5 Fault Management ................................................................................................41
5.3.6 State Monitoring....................................................................................................42
5.3.7 Message Tracing ..................................................................................................42
Chapter 6 Reliability...................................................................................................................44
6.2 System Reliability Design................................................................................................44
6.3 Hardware Reliability Design ............................................................................................45
6.4 Software Reliability Design..............................................................................................45
Chapter 7 Technical Specifications...........................................................................................47
7.2 Performance Specifications.............................................................................................47
7.3 Clock Specifications........................................................................................................47
7.4 Reliability Specifications..................................................................................................48
7.5 Structure Specifications...................................................................................................48
7.6 Electrical Specifications...................................................................................................49
7.6.1 Power Consumption of a Single Subrack...............................................................49
7.6.2 Power Consumptions of Typical Configurations.....................................................49
7.6.3 Power Supply and EMC Specifications..................................................................49
7.7 Noise and Security Specifications....................................................................................50
7.8 Environment Requirements.............................................................................................50
7.8.1 Storage Environment ............................................................................................51
7.8.2 Transportation Environment ..................................................................................53
7.8.3 Operation Environment .........................................................................................56

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Chapter 8 Installation.................................................................................................................59
8.2 Hardware Installation ......................................................................................................59
8.2.1 Equipment Room Layout.......................................................................................59
8.2.2 Requirements on the Equipment Room.................................................................60
8.3 Software Installation........................................................................................................61
Appendix Acronyms and Abbreviations.................................................................................62


Commercial in Confidence Page 1 of 70

Chapter 1 Introduction to BSC6000
HUAWEI BSC6000 is the next generation of M900/M1800 BSC V300R002. Its new
hardware platform and software architecture have the following features:
l Enhance the system performance, capacity, and integrity
l Support the evolution towards the GSM EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN)
l Improve the serviceability, maintainability and testability of the BSC system.
The BSC6000 shares one hardware platform with the WCDMA Radio Network
Controller (RNC). It enables the GSM network to co-locate in one network with the
Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) network.
Figure 1-1 shows the position of the BSC6000 in the GSM network.
SGSN
MSC
GGSN
HLR
Abis
Pb
BSC
MS
BTS
BTS
PCU
Um
A
Gb
PDN
MS
Gs

BSC: Base Station Controller BTS: Base Transceiver Station
GGSN: Gateway GPRS Support Node HLR: Home Location Register
MSC: Mobile Switching Center PCU: Packet Control Unit
PDN: Packet Data Network SGSN: Serving GPRS Support Node
Figure 1-1 Position of the BSC6000 in the network
The BSC6000 has the following interfaces:
l Abis with the BTS
l A interface with the MSC
l Pb interface with the PCU
l Gb interface with the SGSN
The BSC6000 plays an important role in the radio access and network optimization.


The main functions of the BSC6000 are:
l Radio resource management
l BTS management
l Power control
l Handover control
l Performance measurement


Chapter 2 Key Benefits
2.1 About This Chapter
In the design of the BSC6000, factors such as service, capacity, transmission,
operation, and maintenance are all taken into account.
The BSC6000 has the following key benefits:
l Large Capacity and High Integration
l Flexible Configuration
l Comprehensive Functions
l Advanced RRM Algorithms
l Smooth Upgrade and Capacity Expansion
l Compatibility with the Protocol Versions
l Convenient Operation & maintenance
l Carrier-Class Reliability Design
2.2 Large Capacity and High Integration
The BSC6000 has a large capacity and high integration. Table 2-1 shows the details.
Table 2-1 Capacity of the BSC6000
Specification Value
Maximum number of TRXs 2,048
Maximum traffic volume 12,000 Erlang
Busy Hour Call Attempts (BHCA) 2,340,000
Maximum number of subscribers 600,000
2 (when the A interface uses E1 transmissions
and no GTCS is included)
4 (when the A interface uses E1 transmissions
and GTCSs are included and installed at the
MSC side)
Maximum number of cabinets
3 (when the A interface uses STM-1
transmissions, and GTCSs are included and
installed at the MSC side)


& Note:
The GSM TransCoder Subrack (GTCS) can be configured in an independent cabinet.
To save the transmission resources between the BSC and the MSC, the GTCS
cabinet can be placed at the MSC side. The Ater interface is a BSC6000 internal
interface. It is used for the communication between the GMPS/GEPS and the remote
GTCS.

2.3 Flexible Configuration
The BSC6000 has the following characteristics in terms of flexible configuration.
l Multiple networking modes
The BSC6000 and the BTSs can use the star, chain, and tree networking
modes.
l Service-oriented hardware configuration
The configuration for the Circuit Switched domain (CS) service and Packet
Switched domain (PS) service is flexible. The system can be configured
according to different requirements on voice and data services in different
phases of network construction.
l Multiple clock sources
The selection of the synchronization clock is flexible. The clock sources can be
obtained from:
- Building Integrated Timing Supply System (BITS)
- A interface
- Local oscillator
2.4 Comprehensive Functions
2.4.1 Overview
The BSC6000 provides basic and optional functions. The operators can choose to
configure different functions according to the different requirements on the function
and capacity in different network phases. This can protect the investment for the
operators to most extent.


2.4.2 Basic Functions
Table 2-2 lists the basic functions of the BSC6000.
Table 2-2 Basic functions of the BSC6000
Number Function
1 Band Supporting
2 Service Provisioning
3 Mobility Management
4 Cell Selection
5 Call Control
6 Handover
7 Power Control
8 Measurement Report
9 Adjustment of Adaptive Timing Advance
10 Radio Resource Management
11 System Information
12 O&M Functions
13 LAPD Multiplexing at the Abis Interface
14 Reliability and Maintainability
15 A Interface Functions
16 Three-Digit MNC
17 STM-1
18 Message Tracing
19 Scan Cell Frequency
20 TCH Reassignment

2.4.3 Optional Functions
Table 2-3 lists the optional functions of the BSC6000.


Table 2-3 Optional functions of the BSC6000
Number Function
1 SDCCH Dynamic Adjustment
2 PDCH Dynamic Adjustment
3 Concentric Cell
4 Enhanced Full Rate
5 Half Rate
6 Ciphering
7 Cell Broadcasting Short Message Service
8 Frequency Hopping
9 TRX Mutual-Assistance
10 Cell Frequency Scan
11 Satellite Transmission
12 Extended Cell
13 GPRS
14 EGPRS
15 2G/3G Interoperability
16 Multi-band Networking
17 Semi-Permanent Connection
18 DTX and DRX
19 Extended Frequency Band
20 eMLPP
21 Network Assisted Cell Change
22 High Speed Signaling
23 Local Multiple Signaling Points
24 LCS
25 AMR
26 Speech Quality Enhancement
27 TFO
28 Coverage enhanced



2.5 Advanced RRM Algorithms
2.5.1 Overview
The BSC6000 adopts Huawei-patented Radio Resource Management (RRM)
algorithms for power control, handover, and resource allocation. These algorithms
ensure optimal effect in terms of network coverage, capacity, and quality.
2.5.2 Power Control
The BSC6000 adopts the Huawei-patented power control algorithm. This algorithm
lowers the average transmit power of the BTS and MSs while keeps the transmission
quality higher than the specified threshold. This can reduce the interference to other
channels, and save the power consumption of MSs.
The power control can be more accurate and eliminate the hysteresis effect through
the following functions of the HW_II power control algorithm:
l Measurement report prediction
l Compensation
l Overall power control judgment
2.5.3 Handover
The BSC6000 adopts the Huawei-patented handover algorithm. This algorithm can
handle the handovers under any radio environment. It can effectively improve the
network QoS.
The handover algorithm supports handovers such as hierarchical handover, load
sharing handover, quick fall handover, power BudGeT (PBGT) handover, and
concentric cell handover.
2.5.4 Radio Resource Allocation
The BSC6000 realizes flexible radio resource allocation.
According to the QoS requirement and the load of the current cell, the BSC6000 can
allocate a full rate TCH or a half rate TCH for a service request. This improves the
utilization of the radio channel bandwidth, and meets the communication
requirements.
The BSC6000 allocates the optimum channel on the basis of the following analysis:
l Channel interference


l TRX priority
l Channel historical occupation record
l TRX load balance
This effectively improves the success rate of the radio channel allocation.
The BSC6000 supports dynamic conversion between TCH/F and TCH/H, and
between PDCH and SDCCH according to users' requirements. This avoids the traffic
loss due to the improper initial configuration.
2.6 Smooth Upgrade and Capacity Expansion
The BSC6000 has the following characteristics in terms of upgrade and capacity
expansion.
l Smooth capacity expansion
The BSC6000 adopts modular design. You can expand the capacity just by
adding relevant modules. In this way, the investment can be saved to the most
extent.
l Online capacity expansion
To expand the system capacity, you can add service subracks or service
processing boards.
After you start a service processing board, it can automatically load programs
according to the configuration data, and then start to provide services.
l Online patching
The software of the BSC6000 can be patched while the current services are
ongoing.
2.7 Compatibility with the Protocol Versions
The BSC6000 is developed based on the 3GPP GERAN R4 standard. It supports the
evolution towards R5 and R6.
2.8 Convenient Operation & maintenance
The BSC6000 has the following features in terms of operation & maintenance (O&M):
l Friendly GUI
The BSC6000 uses the Graphic User Interface (GUI), which facilitates the
operations.
The LMT integrates the O&M of the system, the data configuration, and the
alarm management. It also supports multi-user operations.
Flexible Network Parameter Configuration


At a time, you can configure one cell or multiple cells, one single parameter or
multiple parameters.
l Performance measurement counter
The BSC6000 provides various performance measurement counters for the
upper network management system. The operators can use these counters to
optimize the network and analyze the system performance. The performance
measurement counters can be automatically generated and reported to the
iManager 2000 (referred to as M2000 hereinafter), thus facilitating the
performance management.
l Remote maintenance
The BSC6000 supports remote maintenance by the Internet and Virtual Private
Network (VPN).
l Online Help
The BSC6000 provides the online help for the O&M GUI.
2.9 Carrier-Class Reliability Design
To improve hardware reliability, the BSC6000 uses the following measures:
l Active/Standby backup: interface units, service processing units, switching units
and clock units
l TC resource pool
l Faulty detection/isolation technologies
To implement the self-healing function upon software failure and improve the software
reliability, the BSC6000 uses the following measures:
l Regular detection
l Task monitoring
l Storage protection
l Resource check


Chapter 3 System Architecture
This chapter consists of the following sections:
l Hardware Structure
l Logical Structure
l Hardware Configuration
3.2 Hardware Structure
3.2.1 Cabinet Appearance
The BSC6000 uses Huawei N68-22 cabinets. The dimensions of a BSC6000 cabinet
are 2200 mm (height) x 600 mm (width) x 800 mm (depth). The cabinet design
conforms to the IEC60297 and IEEE standards.
Figure 3-1 shows the BSC6000 cabinet.


Figure 3-1 BSC6000 cabinet
3.2.2 Cabinet Configuration
The BSC6000 has two kinds of racks: GSM BSC Control processing Rack (GBCR)
and GSM BSC Service processing Rack (GBSR).
I. GBCR
The GBCR performs service processing and O&M functions. It consists of:
l Two service subracks
l One Keyboard, Video, and Mouse (KVM)
l One LAN switch
l One GSM Back Administration Module (GBAM)
Figure 3-2 shows the front view of the GBCR.


7
8
2
1
3
4
1
1
1
1
5
6
6
1
1
1

(1) Front panel (2) GBAM (3) Cabling subrack
(4) LAN switch (5) KVM (6) Service subrack
(7) Air defense subrack (8) Power distribution box
Figure 3-2 Front view of the GBCR
II. GBSR
A GBSR is configured based on the service capacity requirements. It has only service
subracks. One GBSR can accommodate three service subracks.
Figure 3-3 shows the GBSR.


3
1
3
4
1
2
2
2

(1) Front panel (2) Service subrack
(3) Air defense subrack (4) Power distribution box
Figure 3-3 Front view of the GBSR
3.2.3 GIMS
The Keyboard, Video And Mouse (KVM), LAN switch, and GSM Back Administration
Module (GBAM) are called GSM Integrated Management System (GIMS). The
functions of the GIMS are as follows:
l KVM
The KVM is integrated equipment of a mouse, a keyboard, and a monitor. It
serves for the GBAM.


l LAN switch
The LAN switch provides 10 Mbit/s or 100 Mbit/s BASE-TX Ethernet port. The
LMT accesses the GBAM through the LAN switch, and then the GBAM accesses
the M2000 through the LAN switch.
l GBAM
The GBAM is installed with OMU software. It is used for the operation and
maintenance of the BSC6000.
3.2.4 Service Subrack
I. Hardware Architecture
The BSC6000 has three types of service subrack:
l GSM Main Processing Subrack (GMPS)
l GSM Extended Processing Subrack (GETS)
l GSM TransCoder Subrack (GTCS)
The width of the three types of subrack is 19-inch, as specified in IEC60297.
The height of the subracks is 12 U. The backplane is in the middle of the subrack,
and boards are inserted from both the front and the rear of the cabinet, as shown in
Figure 3-4.
1
3
2
00 13
27 14
06
20

(1) Front board (2) Backplane (3) Back board
Figure 3-4 Internal layout of the BSC6000 subrack
Figure 3-4 shows the internal layout of a service subrack. The backplane separates
the service subrack into a front subrack and a rear subrack. Both the front and rear


subracks provide 14 slots. The 28 slots are numbered 0027 from the front to the rear.
In the service subrack, the front subrack holds service boards, and the rear subrack
holds interface boards for external connections.
Two neighboring even and odd slots, for example, slot 00 and slot 01, slot 02 and slot
03, work in active/standby mode. The boards working in active/standby mode occupy
the active slot and standby slot.

& Note:
1 U = 44.45 mm = 1.75 inches.

II. GMPS
The GMPS processes services, and provides clock for the system. One BSC6000 is
configured with one GMPS in the GBCR. Under full configuration, the GMPS can hold
512 TRXs.
Figure 3-5 shows the full configuration of the GMPS when the A interface uses E1
transmissions.
13 00 01 02 03 07 06 05 04 08 09 10 12 11
G
X
P
U
M
G
X
P
U
M
G
G
N
U
G
G
N
U
G
T
N
U
G
T
N
U
27 14 15 16 17 21 20 19 18 22 23 24 26 25
G
E
I
U
P
G
E
I
U
P
G
E
I
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G
E
I
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T
G
E
I
U
B
G
E
I
U
B
G
E
I
U
B
G
E
I
U
B
Rear
board
Front
board
Backplane
G
G
C
K
G
G
C
K
G
X
P
U
C
G
X
P
U
C
G
E
I
U
B
G
E
I
U
B
G
E
I
U
B
G
E
I
U
B
G
E
I
U
B
G
E
I
U
B

Figure 3-5 Full configuration of the GMPS


III. GEPS
The GEPS processes services for the BSC. The BSC6000 is configured with 03
GEPSs in the GBCR or the GBSR. Compared with the GMPS, the GEPS is not
configured with the GGCK. Under full configuration, the GEPS can support 512 TRXs.
Figure 3-6 shows the full configuration of the GEPS when the A interface uses E1
transmissions.
13 00 01 02 03 07 06 05 04 08 09 10 12 11
G
X
P
U
M
G
X
P
U
M
G
G
N
U
G
G
N
U
G
T
N
U
G
T
N
U
27 14 15 16 17 21 20 19 18 22 23 24 26 25
G
E
I
U
P
G
E
I
U
P
G
E
I
U
T
G
E
I
U
T
G
E
I
U
B
G
E
I
U
B
G
E
I
U
B
G
E
I
U
B
Rear
board
Front
board
Backplane
G
E
I
U
B
G
E
I
U
B
G
E
I
U
B
G
E
I
U
B
G
E
I
U
B
G
E
I
U
B

Figure 3-6 Full configuration of the GEPS
IV. GTCS
The GTCS implements the transcoding, rate adaptation, and sub-multiplexing
functions. The BSC6000 is configured with 14 GTCSs in the GBCR or the GBSR.
When the A interface uses using E1 transmissions, one GTCS can support a
maximum of 3,840 speech channels. Figure 3-7 shows the full configuration of the
GTCS.


13 00 01 02 03 07 06 05 04 08 09 10 12 11
G
D
S
U
C
G
G
N
U
G
G
N
U
G
T
N
U
G
T
N
U
27 14 15 16 17 21 20 19 18 22 23 24 26 25
G
E
I
U
T
G
E
I
U
T
G
E
I
U
A
G
E
I
U
A
G
E
I
U
A
G
E
I
U
A
G
E
I
U
A
G
E
I
U
A
Rear
board
Front
board
Backplane
G
E
I
U
A
G
E
I
U
A
G
D
S
U
C
G
D
S
U
C
G
D
S
U
C
G
D
S
U
C

Figure 3-7 Full configuration of the GTCS (when the A interface uses E1
transmissions)
When the A interface uses STM-1 transmissions, one GTCS can support a maximum
of 7,680 speech channels. Figure 3-8 shows the full configuration of the GTCS.
13 00 01 02 03 07 06 05 04 08 09 10 12 11
G
D
S
U
C
G
G
N
U
G
G
N
U
G
T
N
U
G
T
N
U
27 14 15 16 17 21 20 19 18 22 23 24 26 25
G
E
I
U
T
G
E
I
U
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G
O
I
U
A
G
O
I
U
A
G
O
I
U
A
G
O
I
U
A
G
O
I
U
A
G
O
I
U
A
Rear
board
Front
board
Backplane
G
O
I
U
A
G
O
I
U
A
G
D
S
U
C
G
D
S
U
C
G
D
S
U
C
G
E
I
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T
G
E
I
U
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G
D
S
U
C
G
D
S
U
C
G
D
S
U
C
G
D
S
U
C
G
D
S
U
C

Figure 3-8 Full configuration of the GTCS (when the A interface uses STM-1
transmissions)
3.2.5 Board
Table 3-1 lists the boards of the BSC6000.


Table 3-1 Boards of the BSC6000
Board Full Name
GGCK GSM General ClocK unit
GGNU GSM GE switching Network Unit
GTNU GSM TDM switching Network Unit
GXPUM GSM eXtended Processing Unit for Main service
GXPUC
GSM eXtended Processing Unit for Cell broadcast
service
GEIUB GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for aBis
GEIUP GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for Pb
GEIUT GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for aTer
GEIUA GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for A
GOIUB GSM Optic Interface Unit for aBis
GOIUP GSM Optic Interface Unit for Pb
GOIUT GSM Optic Interface Unit for aTer
GOIUA GSM Optic Interface Unit for A
GDSUC GSM Data proceSsing Unit for CS service

All the boards in the BSC6000 are hot swappable. The GDSUC uses N+1 backup
mode. The other boards use 1+1 backup mode.
3.3 Logical Structure
The BSC6000 can logically be divided into:
l TDM switching subsystem
l GE switching subsystem
l Service processing subsystem
l Service control subsystem
l Interface and signaling processing subsystem
l Clock subsystem
Figure 3-9 shows the logical structure of the BSC6000.


TDM switching subsystem
GE switching subsystem
Clock subsystem
Service
control
subsystem
Service
processing
subsystem
Interface
and
signaling
processing
subsystem
E1/STM-1 to BTS
E1/STM-1 to MSC
E1/STM-1 to PCU
Cascading
connection
between subracks
Cascading
connection
between subracks

Figure 3-9 Logical structure of the BSC6000 system
Table 3-2 describes the function of each subsystem in the BSC6000.
Table 3-2 BSC6000 function description
Subsystem Function Description
TDM switching
subsystem
Implements the TDM timeslot switching and interconnection
between the service boards and between the subracks.
GE switching
subsystem
Implements the switching and interconnection of the PS data
and the signaling between service boards and between
subracks, including the backboard, switching network and
system interconnection unit.
Service
processing
subsystem
Implements radio frame protocol processing and voice
service processing.
Service control
subsystem
Implements the signaling processing, call processing and
resource management.
Interface and
signaling
processing
subsystem
l Provides external physical interface (such as A and Abis
interfaces).
l Implements the TDM service access.
l Terminates the link layer.
l Implements the processing function of the transmission
layer.
Clock subsystem
l Implements the system clock function.
l Integrates stratum 3 clock. It implements the system
internal clock distribution function.


3.4 Hardware Configuration
A BSC6000 is configured with one GBCR and 03 GBSRs according to the actual
service capacity requirements and the GTCS configuration mode.
3.4.1 Minimum Configuration
When the GTCS is installed together with all the other subracks, the minimum
configuration of the BSC6000 requires only one cabinet, as shown in Figure 3-10.
Cabinet 1
GTCS
GMPS
GIMS

Figure 3-10 BSC6000 minimum configuration (with the GTCS and all the other
subracks in one cabinet)
When the GTCS is installed at the MSC side, the minimum configuration of the
BSC6000 requires two cabinets, as shown in Figure 3-11.


Cabinet 1
GMPS
GIMS
Cabinet 2
GTCS

Figure 3-11 Minimum configuration of the BSC6000 (with the GTCS at the MSC side)
3.4.2 Maximum Configuration
For the BSC6000, the maximum configuration is achieved through the capacity
expansion from its minimum configuration. You can add GBSRs to expand the service
capacity. Under the maximum configuration, the BSC6000 can hold 2,048 TRXs,
equivalent to 15,360 speech channels.
I. Maximum Configuration with E1 Transmissions on the A Interface
When the A interface uses E1 transmissions, the BSC6000 can be configured with
only one GMPS, three GEPSs, and four GTCSs.
When the GTCSs are installed together with the other subracks, the maximum
configuration of the BSC6000 requires three cabinets, as shown in Figure 3-12.


Cabinet 1
GEPS
GMPS
GIMS
Cabinet 2
GTCS
GEPS
GEPS
Cabinet 3
GTCS
GTCS
GTCS

Figure 3-12 BSC6000 maximum configuration (with the GTCS installed together with
all the other subracks)
Whether the GTCSs are installed at the MSC side, the maximum configuration of the
BSC6000 requires four cabinets, as shown in Figure 3-13.
Cabinet 1
GEPS
GMPS
GIMS
Cabinet 2
GEPS
GEPS
Cabinet 3
GTCS
GTCS
GTCS
Cabinet 4
GTCS

Figure 3-13 BSC6000 maximum configuration (with the GTCSs at the MSC side)
II. Maximum Configuration with STM-1 Transmissions on the A Interface
When the A interface uses STM-1 transmissions, the BSC6000 can be configured
with one GMPS, three GEPSs, and two GTCSs.
When the GTCSs are installed together with the other subracks, the maximum
configuration of the BSC6000 requires four cabinets, as shown in Figure 3-14.


Cabinet 1
GEPS
GMPS
GIMS
Cabinet 2
GTCS
GEPS
GEPS
Cabinet 3
GTCS

Figure 3-14 BSC6000 maximum configuration (with the GTCSs installed together
with all the other subracks)
Whether the GTCSs are installed at the MSC side, the maximum configuration of the
BSC6000 requires three cabinets, as shown in Figure 3-15.
Cabinet 1
GEPS
GMPS
GIMS
Cabinet 2
GEPS
GEPS
Cabinet 3
GTCS
GTCS

Figure 3-15 BSC6000 maximum configuration (with the GTCSs at the MSC side)
3.4.3 Typical Configuration
The typical configuration of the BSC6000 is shown in Table 3-3. The operators can
choose a proper configuration according to the actual requirements.


Table 3-3 BSC6000 typical configuration
Configuration Number of
Cabinets
Number of
Full-Rate TRXs
Remarks
1xGMPS+1xGTCS+GIMS 1 512 The Abis and Ater interfaces use
E1 or STM-1 transmissions.
The A interface uses E1
transmissions.
1xGMPS+1xGTCS+GIMS 1 512 The Abis and Ater interfaces use
The A interface uses STM-1
transmissions.
1xGMPS+1xGEPS+GIMS
+2xGTCS
2 1,024 The Abis and Ater interfaces use
transmissions.
1xGMPS+1xGEPS+GIMS
+1xGTCS
transmissions.
1xGMPS+3xGEPS+GIMS
+4xGTCS
transmissions.
1xGMPS+3xGEPS+GIMS
+2xGTCS
transmissions.


Chapter 4 Functions
The BSC6000 complies with the 3GPP R4 specifications. Functions that the
BSC6000 provides are as follows:
l Basic Functions
l Optional Functions
4.2 Basic Functions
4.2.1 Band Supporting
The BSC6000 supports the 850 MHz, 900 MHz , 1800 MHz, and 1900 MHz
frequencies specified in the ETSI GSM specifications.
4.2.2 Service Provisioning
The BSC6000 supports the teleservice and the circuit data bearer service.
The teleservice includes:
l Telephone service
l Emergency call service
l Point-to-point short message service
l G3 fax
The circuit data bearer service includes:
l 9.6 kbit/s transparent or nontransparent data service
l 4.8 kbit/s transparent or nontransparent data service
l 2.4 kbit/s transparent or nontransparent data service)
4.2.3 Mobility Management
The mobility management includes the location updating, International Mobile
Subscriber Identity (IMSI) attach and detach, paging, and authentication.


4.2.4 Cell Selection
The BSC6000 supports the cell selection and reselection.
4.2.5 Call Control
The BSC6000 supports call control, immediate assignment and assignment, and call
reestablishment.
4.2.6 Handover
As a way of radio link control, a handover enables conversations through different
cells. A handover can adjust the traffic volume of a cell to optimize the overall
performance of the system.
Handover algorithms consist of:
l Basic handover algorithm
l Power BudGeT (PBGT) handover algorithm
l Signal level rapid dropping handover algorithm
l Load handover algorithm
l Layered and hierarchical handover algorithm
l Speed-sensitive handover algorithm
l Directed retry algorithm
l SDCCH handover algorithm
These algorithms can improve the quality of customer services and that of the
network, and lower call drops during handovers.
4.2.7 Power Control
The BSC6000 supports static power control, dynamic power control, and enhanced
power control algorithm.
4.2.8 Measurement Report
The BSC6000 supports the processing and preprocessing of measurement report
(MR).
4.2.9 Adjustment of Adaptive Timing Advance
The BSC6000 supports the adjustment of the adaptive timing advance. This function
ensures the radio signaling arrive at the BTS on time without mistake.


4.2.10 Radio Resource Management
The BSC6000 supports the TRX management, radio link management, radio
common channel management, radio dedicated channel management, and enhanced
channel assignment algorithm.
4.2.11 System Information
The system information includes the primary parameters of the radio network on the
Um interface. These primary parameters include network identification parameters,
cell selection parameters, system control parameters, and network function
parameters.
By receiving the system information, the MS can correctly access and select the
network, and make full use of all kinds of services the network provides.
4.2.12 O&M Functions
For details, see section 5.3 "O&M Function."
4.2.13 LAPD Multiplexing on the Abis Interface
In the BSC6000 system, the Abis interface board supports N:1 multiplexing mode that
is specified for the RSL and OML signaling channels. The speech channel uses an
exclusive mode. In this mode, a full-rate speech channels uses 16 kbit/s and that a
half-rate speech channel uses 8 kbit/s.
4.2.14 Reliability and Maintainability
For details, see Chapter 6 "Reliability."
4.2.15 A Interface Functions
The BSC6000 implements the following function on the A interface.
l Ater interface 4:1 multiplexing
The BSC6000 supports 4:1 multiplexing on the Ater interface, that is, through the
Ater interface board, four timeslots on E1 of the A interface can be multiplexed to
one timeslot on the Ater interface.
l 14-digit signaling point code


The BSC6000 connects to the MSC through the SS7 signaling system. The SS7
signaling system uses 14-bit signaling point code and 24-bit signaling point code.
l Circuit management
The BSC6000 supports circuit management on the A interface. This
management consists of:
- Assigning circuit on the A interface
- Blocking the circuit
- Unblocking the circuit
- Group blocking the circuit
- Group unblocking the circuit
- Providing maintenance and control over the single circuit or the PCM circuit
group of the GEIUA and GDPUC
l A interface protocol process
The BSC6000 processes the A interface-based signaling and protocol, including
connectionless and connection-oriented SCCP.
l A Interface Occupation Rate Monitoring
This function is used to monitor the occupation rate and usage status of the
circuit on the A interface and the TC resources by performance measurement.
4.2.16 Supporting Three-Digit MNC
All the cells under the BSC6000 support both 2-digit and 3-digit MNC. The operators
can choose one according to the network planning.
4.2.17 STM-1
The BSC6000 supports the STM-1 optical transmission on the A, Ater, Abis, and Pb
interfaces. This function can reduce the cabling and lower the maintenance workload
for the operators. The use of optical interface on the A interface can improve the
integration level of the GTCS.
4.2.18 Message Tracing
BSC6000 performs message tracing and user tracing on the following interfaces:
l A interface
l Abis interface


l Um interface
l Pb interface
l BSC-CBC interface
The message tracing can help locate problems and improve the maintenance
efficiency.
4.2.19 Cell Frequency Scan
Cell frequency scan is used to detect the uplink and downlink receive power levels at
all frequencies in a specific frequency band. The scan provides frequency reference
for configuration engineers; thus improving the accuracy in frequency configuration.
4.2.20 TCH Reassignment
When a TCH assignment fails, the reassignment is performed to effectively improve
the success rate of the assignment procedure, thus improving the success rate of
access.
4.3 Optional Functions
4.3.1 SDCCH Dynamic Adjustment
If users in a cell increase in a short time, many users fail to access the network
because of insufficient SDCCHs. In this situation, the SDCCH dynamic adjustment
function can convert the TCH into SDCCH dynamically to enable more users to
access the network.
4.3.2 PDCH Dynamic Adjustment
The function can effectively improve the channel usage, reduce the maintenance and
configuration task, and increase the revenue of the operators.
The circuit service has the higher priority to obtain the channel than the packet
service. The PCU releases the dynamic PDCH when there are too many idle PDCHs.
4.3.3 Concentric Cell
The concentric cell technology divides an ordinary cell into two service layers:
overlaid subcell and underlaid subcell.


For the MSs in the underlaid subcell, try to distribute the less-reused frequency, such
as the BCCH frequency.
For the MSs in the overlaid subcell, try to distribute the more-reused frequency, such
as the frequencies other than the BCCH frequency.
The system capacity can be improved by using the more-reused frequency in the
overlaid subcell.
4.3.4 Enhanced Full Rate
The Enhanced Full Rate (EFR) can provide better speech quality. It can improve the
speech quality when the full rate is used on the air interface.
4.3.5 Half Rate
I. Half Rate
With the increase of the subscribers, the frequency resources of the current GSM
network become more and more insufficient. The half rate function can improve the
capacity of the current network without any hardware investment.
To enable the half rate function, the Transcoder & Rate Adaptation Unit (TRAU) needs
to support the half rate coding. Huawei TRAU supports all series of voice coding. It
can dynamically assign various voice coding resources according to the service
assignment situation.
II. Dynamical Adjustment of Full Rate-Half Rate
When the BSS is configured with half rate function and the dynamical adjustment of
full rate-half rate function is enabled, the half rate and the full rate can be converted to
each other dynamically. The system can automatically adjust the ratio between full
rate and half rate channel.
With the dynamical adjustment between the full rate channel and half rate channel,
the following situation can be avoided: some channels are congested while others are
idle because of the fixed configuration of channels.
You can also adjust the ratio between full rate and half rate channel for the whole
network by setting relevant parameters.


4.3.6 Ciphering
The BSC6000 uses the A5/1 and A5/2 ciphering algorithms. All the voice information
and signaling information transmitted in the air interface are ciphered by the A5/1
and A5/2 ciphering algorithms to ensure the security of the network.
4.3.7 Short Message Service Cell Broadcast
The Short Message Service Cell Broadcast (SMSCB) is a teleservice (TS23) that can
periodically broadcast messages to all the MSs in a specified area. The MSs can
receive the broadcast messages continuously or discontinuously according to the
system configuration. The typical application of this function is to provide the weather
information and traffic information.
4.3.8 Frequency Hopping
The frequency hopping (FH) means that the carrier containing meaningful information
hops under the control of a sequence. This sequence is called frequency-hopping
sequence (HSN). According to time domain, the FH mode can be divided into frame
FH and timeslot FH. According to carrier mode, it can be divided into RF FH and base
band FH.
Huawei BSC6000 realizes the baseband FH and RF FH at the timeslot level, and the
baseband FH and RF FH at the frame level.
4.3.9 TRX Mutual-Assistance
With the TRX Mutual-assistance function, a cell can automatically handle the BCCH
TRX failure or baseband FH TRX failure. Thus, the cell services are not affected
before the faulty TRX is replaced.
The TRX mutual-assistance consists of BCCH TRX assistance and baseband FH
TRX assistance.
4.3.10 Cell Frequency Scan
This function uses the idle TCH to test uplink receiving level of all the frequencies of
the specified frequency band. The result can be used for the engineers to choose a
proper working frequency.


4.3.11 Satellite Transmission
The BSC6000 supports satellite transmissions on the Abis, A, Ater, and Pb interfaces.
The satellite transmissions enable the network deployment in the area where regular
land transmissions are not allowed.
4.3.12 Extended Cell
The extended cell breaks the restriction of 35 km coverage radius. Supported by BTS
hardware, a cell can cover an area with a radius of up to 120 km.
4.3.13 GPRS
The BSC6000 supports GPRS services. It connects to the PCU through the Pb
interface. With open system architecture, the Huawei GPRS system supports smooth
capacity expansion. The standard interfaces ensure good compatibility of the
equipment.
Huawei GPRS supports QoS and dynamic allocation of radio resources. At the same
time, the flexible networking and configuration can save large amount of investment
cost for the operators. Huawei GPRS provides rich packet services, such as,
l Mobile Internet access
l E-commerce, including e-bank and e-currency
l Group management
l Remote control and test
4.3.14 EGPRS
The Enhanced GPRS (EGPRS) is the enhanced version of the GPRS. The EGPRS
adopts the latest MCS-1MSC-9 coding, and introduces the 8PSK modulation to the
RF layer. The theoretical maximum transmission rate of the EGPRS is 473.6 kbit/s.
4.3.15 2G/3G Interoperability
The 2G/3G interoperability function enables the 3G subscribers to roam to the 2G
network. This can solve the insufficient coverage problem in the early period of the 3G
network. At the same time, the 2G can also smoothly evolve to the 3G, which can
protect the operator's investment on 2G.


4.3.16 Multi-Band Networking
The BSC6000 supports the single BSC dual band network and the 900M/1800M
hybrid cell.
l Single BSC Dual band network
The BSC6000 supports dual band network. The dual band network is the
combination of GSM900 network and GSM1800 network. In a dual band network,
the GSM dual band MS can choose between 900M frequency and 1800M
frequency to make the call. Each cell in the dual band network can use only one
frequency. Dual band network allows the cell reselection, allocation and
handover between 900M cells and M1800 cells.
l 900M/1800M hybrid cell
The BSC6000 supports 900M/1800M hybrid cells. The 900M/1800M hybrid cell
means the 900M and 1800M frequencies lie in the same cell.
The biggest advantage of 900M/1800M hybrid cells is that the vice frequency
band and the main frequency band are the same. The vice frequency band is the
extension of the main frequency band. It solves the cell reselection and the
handover problem of other networking mode.
4.3.17 Semi-Permanent Connection
With the semi-permanent connection, the operators can transmit the information such
as the BTS AV power supply alarm, maintenance information and other information.
Semi-permanent connection can avoid the reconfiguration of IP address, and thus
facilitate the maintenance and networking.
4.3.18 DTX and DRX
Discontinuous transmission (DTX) can reduce the transmit power of BTS and MS,
and thus reduce the co-channel disturbance in the radio interface and the sensitivity
of the GSM voice signal to the error in the radio interface.
Discontinuous reception (DRX) means that the MS monitors the messages in the
specified timeslots according to the system configuration. This reduces the power
consumption of the MS and improves the standby time of MS.
4.3.19 Extended Frequency Band
When licensed, the BSC6000 can support the E-GSM and R-GSM frequency bands.
Table 4-1 lists the extended bands.


Table 4-1 E-GSM/R-GSM bands
Band Uplink Frequency Range Downlink Frequency
Fl(n) = 890 + 0.2 x n 0 n 124 Fu(n) = Fl(n) + 45 E-GSM 900
Fl(n) = 890 + 0.2 x (n1024) 975 n 1 023 Fu(n) = Fl(n) + 45
Fl(n) = 890 + 0.2 x n 0 n 124 Fu(n) = Fl(n) + 45 R-GSM 900
Fl(n) = 890 + 0.2 x (n1024) 955 n 1023 Fu(n) = Fl(n) + 45

4.3.20 eMLPP
The Enhanced Multi-Level Precedence and Pre-emption (eMLPP) function allows a
user to initiate calls with different priorities. The network side takes different channel
assignment strategies for the users according to their priorities. If the network is
congested, the call with higher priority is served preferably.
The eMLPP needs the support of the MSs.
4.3.21 Network-Assisted Cell Change
BSC6000 performs the Network Assisted Cell Change (NACC) function. This function
helps the cell reselection of an MS in packet transmission mode. It can reduce the
data transmission disruption time during a cell reselection.
4.3.22 High Speed Signaling
The high speed signaling refers to a 2 Mbit/s E1 link used as the bearer of the SS7
signaling between the BSC and the core network.
The high speed signaling breaks the limitation of sixteen 64 kbit/s signaling links
between signaling points. It has the following features:
l Achieves the smooth increase of signaling bandwidth
l Simplifies the networking between the BSC and the core network
l Reduces the configuration and maintenance workload.
4.3.23 Local Multiple Signaling Points
The Local multiple Signaling Points is a networking mode in which multiple signaling
points are in the BSC side and only one target signaling point is in the MSC.
The BSC6000 local multiple signaling points is a logic concept. One physical node
has multiple logical signaling points. These points are independent of each other.


Each of the multiple signaling points implements the same function of an independent
signaling point. The local multiple signaling points breaks the limitation of 16 signaling
links of A interface and further improves the capacity of BSC.
4.3.24 LCS
The Location Services (LCS) is a series of services used to locate the positions of
users in a certain location area, such as the location of an emergency call or position
information of users for value-added services.
The BSC6000 supports two types of location services:
l NSS-based Cell ID+TA location service of the serving mobile location center
(SMLC)
l BSS-based Cell ID+TA location service of mobile stations
The location precision of this scheme is about 500 meters.
4.3.25 Adaptive Multi Rate
The Adaptive Multi Rate (Adaptive Multi Rate) is a set of multiple voice
coding/decoding algorithms. It enables the BTS and the MS to auto select the
coding/decoding algorithm according to the actual radio environment to adjust the
coding rate. Different algorithms generate different rates of voice code stream, which
further improves the speech quality of the call.
4.3.26 Speech Quality Enhancement
The BSC6000 provides the following speech quality enhancement functions:
l Acoustic Echo Cancellation (AEC)
l Automatic Level Control (ALC)
4.3.27 TFO
The BSC6000 performs the Tandem Free Operation (TFO) function. when the calling
and called parties use one voice coding scheme, the voice signals are encoded only
once at the originating MS and decoded only once at the terminating MS. This
reduces repeated encoding and decoding and improves the quality of speech
services.


4.3.28 Coverage enhanced
The BSC6000 supports the double-transceiver BTSs, such as the BTS3012,
BTS3012AE, and BTS3006C. The BTS can implements the Power Boost Technology
(PBT), transmit diversity, and 4-way receive diversity.



Chapter 5 O&M
l O&M Topology
l O&M Function
5.2 O&M Topology
Figure 5-1 shows the O&M system of the BSC6000. The O&M system consists of a
GBAM, an LMT, and an integrated network management system M2000.
Host BAM
LMT
M2000
LMT
BSC6000
Alarm box
LAN switch

Figure 5-1 O&M system of the BSC6000
& Note:
The alarm box in Figure 5-1 can connect to the GBAM or M2000 Server.


The GBAM is a bridge between the O&M system and the host. The GBAM
implements the following functions:
l Controlling communication between the O&M system and the host, configuring
data, collecting performance and alarm data.
l Responding to and processing commands sent from the O&M system, and
forwarding these commands to the host for further processing.
l Filtering the processing results returned from the host, and sending the results to
the O&M system for display.

& Note:
The service subracks (GMPS, GEPS, and GTCS) of the BSC6000 are called host.
The O&M system consists of an LMT and an M2000 Client.

5.2.1 LMT
The Local Maintenance Terminal (LMT) is the O&M terminal on the NE side. It can
access the BSC6000 through a remote dialing.
The LMT provides GUI interface. It provides the following functions for the BSC6000:
l Security management
l Configuration management
l Maintenance management
l Software management
l Equipment management
l Performance result offline browsing
l Alarm management
5.2.2 iManager M2000
The iManager M2000 (M2000 for short) is a centralized O&M system developed by
Huawei for the mobile communication network. You can centralize the management
on the mobile communication network through the M2000.
As shown in Figure 5-2, the M2000 includes two parts: server and client.
It provides centralized configuration, alarm management, performance management
of the NEs in a mobile communication network. It provides types of northbound
interfaces for connections to the network management system (NMS).


Topology
management
Configuration
management
Network
management
interface
Performance
management
Report system
Software
management
Fault
management
Security
management
GUI
CORBA software bus
Access
adaptation
NEs
NMS
Northbound interface
MML interface /SNMP
Optional
Client Server

Figure 5-2 M2000 system structure
5.3 O&M Function
The O&M function of the BSC6000 implements the following tasks.
l Security Management
l Configuration Management
l Maintenance Management
l Software Management
l Performance Management
l Fault Management
l State Monitoring
l Message Tracing
5.3.1 Security Management
The security management of the BSC6000 provides the following functions:
l Authority control
The system categorizes the users. Different category of users has different
authority. In addition, the user ID verification, and the operation time restriction
are also used to ensure the security of the system.
l Terminal lock
You can lock the terminal manually. If no operation is implemented for a certain
time period, the terminal is locked automatically to prevent operations from illegal
users.


l Configuration Management
The BSC6000 provides the following configuration management functions:
I. Online and Offline Data Configuration
The LMT supports the offline and online data configuration. The configuration is
object-oriented. The online configuration operation and the offline configuration
operation are the same.
l In offline configuration mode, the configuration data is saved as a file in the LMT.
You can upload the configuration file to the GBAM and then inform the BAM to
load data at any time.
l In the online configuration mode, the configuration data is sent to the host
through the GBAM directly.
II. User Right Management
The user rights are divided into five levels. The user right control mechanism includes
user identification verification, user right setting, and operation time restriction.
III. Data Backup and Restoration
The BSC6000 can store the data in form of database file, binary file, or Extensible
Markup Language (XML) file.
IV. Data Consistency and Validity Check
The BSC6000 checks the data between the GBAM and the host for consistency. The
data can be synchronized manually if inconsistent.
The BSC6000 also checks the validity of the data, for example, check the data validity
of a cell.
V. Configuration Browsing
You can browse the configuration data based on object.
5.3.2 Maintenance Management
The LMT maintenance management provides the following functions:
I. BSC Maintenance
The BSC maintenance consists of the system-level maintenance, subrack-level
maintenance, board-level maintenance, and the maintenance of the BSC interfaces.


II. BTS Maintenance
The BTS maintenance consists of board maintenance, site maintenance, cell
maintenance, TRX maintenance, and channel maintenance.
5.3.3 Software Management
The software management function includes:
l Querying the version of the software in real time.
l Downloading, loading, and activating the BSC software, BTS software, software
patches, License, and BOOTROM.
5.3.4 Performance Management
This function implements the management, querying, and printing of the performance
measurement tasks.
The BSC6000 provides the following performance management objects:
l SCCP subsystem measurement
l SCCP destination signaling point measurement
l SCCP original signaling point measurement
l MTP3 link measurement
l MTP3 link set measurement
l MTP3 destination signaling point measurement
l LAPD link measurement
l Site measurement
l Performance measurement for the resources in the BM
l PCU measurement
l BSC measurement
l Cell measurement
l TRX measurement
l GSM cellGSM cell measurement
l Neighboring cell measurement
The BSC6000 can store the performance measurement results of the last 15 days.
5.3.5 Fault Management
The BSC6000 provides the following fault management functions.


I. Alarm Information Processing
You can browse the real-time alarm information, query the history alarm information,
and store the alarm information. In addition, the online helps gives detailed handling
suggestion for each alarm.
The BSC6000 can store 100, 000 pieces of history alarm information generated in the
latest 90 days.
II. Alarm Mask
The BSC6000 can mask the alarm according to the alarm ID.
III. Repetitive Alarm Filtering
The BSC6000 can filter the repetitive fault alarm, recovery alarm, and event alarm.
IV. Alarm Alert
When a fault alarm occurs, the system can notify the operators by:
l Email
l Icon flash
l Phone
l Short message
l Terminal sound
l Audible and visual indication of alarm box
5.3.6 State Monitoring
The BSC6000 provides real-time state monitoring function. It can monitor the CPU
usage, DSP usage, E1/T1 Bit Error Rate (BER), channel state, and channel
interference band. You can save the monitored information as files and use them for
future reference.
5.3.7 Message Tracing
The BSC6000 provides various message tracing functions. These functions are
integrated into the LMT. The integration greatly facilitates the use of these functions
and the fault locating.
The message tracing function consists of:
l A interface message tracing
l Um interface message tracing


l Pb interface message tracing
l BSC-CBC interface message tracing
l Single user tracing
The traced messages can be saved to a file, and the file can be loaded for review
purpose.


Chapter 6 Reliability
l System Reliability Design
l Hardware Reliability Design
l Software Reliability Design
6.2 System Reliability Design
The following measures are taken in the reliability design of the BSC6000:
l Full interconnection model
The service plane of the BSC6000 system adopts inter-subrack full
interconnection to enhance system reliability and increase interconnection
bandwidth. In this interconnection mode, the failure of a subrack does not affect
the connections between other subracks. This ensures that a call access from
any carrier channel can be switched to any Circuit Identification Code (CIC)
circuit on the A interface.
l Distributed resource management
The BSC6000 adopts distributed management on the resources of subracks. In
this management mode, the failure of a subrack does not affect the services of
other subracks.
l TC resource pool
The TC processing unit is not bound with the CIC circuits on the A interface. The
configuration of redundant TC processing resource can improve the system
reliability. The failure on a TC processing unit or a TC processing board does not
change the status of the CIC circuit on the A interface, and the services are not
affected.
l Service/Signaling overload control
The BSC6000 supports dynamic service/signaling overload control. This ensures
the maximum call processing capability when the system is overloaded.
l Dual 48V power supply
The two independent 48V power supplies operate simultaneously to ensure the
normal operation of the system in case that either fails. The faulty power supply
can be repaired without power interruption. This improves the reliability and
availability of the power supply system.


6.3 Hardware Reliability Design
The BSC6000 uses the reliability design such as active/standby boards, resource
pool, and redundancy configuration. In addition, it optimizes the fault detection and
fault isolation to improve the reliability and maintainability. The hardware reliability
design of the BSC6000 includes the following aspects:
l The system control is hierarchical distributed group control.
Multiple CPUs form a processing group with distinct functions of each module.
Backup design or anti-suspension/breakdown design is considered for the
communication channels between modules.
l The important functional modules uses redundancy backup.
This backup mode provides high error tolerance.
l The isolation mechanism ensures service processing by transferring the services
on the entity out of service to another entity.
l With advanced integrated circuits such as ASIC, the system features high
integration, good technology and high reliability.
l The high-speed IP port supports Port Trunking.
With this design, the chain switchover is avoided, the reliability is improved, the
bandwidth is extended, and the load is balanced. In addition, the related
hardware can detect the faults automatically and respond to the faults quickly.
This shortens the time of fault recovery.
l Important data is stored in the non-volatile memory. The data is backed up in the
GBAM and Front Administration Module (FAM).
l The components pass aging test and rigorous selection. Rigorous quality control
is applied to hardware assembling to guarantee high stability and high reliability
for long-term operation.
6.4 Software Reliability Design
The reliability of the software is ensured by the great error tolerance. The error
tolerance of the software system means that software failure does not lead to system
breakdown, that is, the system has the self-healing capability. The error tolerance of
the BSC6000 covers the following aspects:
l Regular check on key resources
The system checks the resource occupation of software. If resource hang-up
occurs because of improper running of the software, the check mechanism
ensures the release of the hung-up resource and the generation of the related
logs and alarms.
l Task monitoring
The monitoring process monitors the task running, handles all software internal
errors and some hardware errors, and reports the errors.


l Data check
The system checks data consistency on a regular or event-driven basis, restores
the data consistency selectively or preferably and generates the related log and
alarm.
l Operation Log
All the operations are recorded in the operation log. The operation log can be
used to locate the fault or error.
l Flow control
The BSC6000 controls internal and interface flows. When the system load
reaches the specified threshold, the BSC6000 takes various measures to lower
the system load, thus avoiding the system overload caused by heavy traffic.


Chapter 7 Technical Specifications
l Performance Specifications
l Clock Specifications
l Reliability Specifications
l Structure Specifications
l Electrical Specifications
l Noise and Security Specifications
l Environment Requirement
7.2 Performance Specifications
Table 7-1 lists the performance specifications of the BSC6000.
Table 7-1 Performance specifications of the BSC6000
Configuration Specification Value
BHCA 585,000
Traffic 3,000 Erl
Minimum configuration
Maximum number of TRXs 512
BHCA 2,340,000
Traffic 12,000 Erl
Full configuration
Maximum number of TRXs 2,048

7.3 Clock Specifications
Table 7-2 lists the clock specifications of the BSC6000.
Table 7-2 Clock specifications of the BSC6000
Specification Value
Clock precision 4.6%10
-6



Specification Value
Pull-in range 4.6%10
-6

Maximum frequency deviation 2%10
-8
/day
Initial maximum frequency deviation 1%10
-8

7.4 Reliability Specifications
Table 7-3 lists the reliability specifications of the BSC6000.
Table 7-3 Reliability specifications of the BSC6000
Specification Value
System availability under typical configuration < 99.999%
MTBF < 100000 hours
Active/standby board switchover success rate < 99%
MTTR > 1 hour
Entire equipment yearly repair rate < 1.0%

7.5 Structure Specifications
Table 7-4 lists the structure specifications of the BSC6000.
Table 7-4 Structure specifications of the BSC6000
Specification Value
Cabinet standard IEC60297 standard and IEEE standard
Cabinet outline dimensions
2200 mm x 600 mm x 800 mm (height x width x
depth)
Available cabinet space
height
46 U
Weight of the GBCR
Empty cabinet > 150 kg
Cabinet under full configuration > 350 kg
Weight of the GBSR
Empty cabinet > 150 kg
Cabinet under full configuration > 350 kg
Ground bearing of
equipment room
450 kg/m2


7.6 Electrical Specifications
7.6.1 Power Consumption of a Single Subrack
Table 7-5 lists the power consumption of a single BSC6000 subrack.
Table 7-5 Power consumption of a single BSC6000 subrack
Subrack (Full
Configuration)
Typical
Power (W)
Maximum
Power (W)
Power Distribution
Power (W)
GMPS 820 1,080 1,200
GEPS 780 890 1,200
GTCS (A interface in E1
mode)
850 920 1,200
GTCS (A interface in STM-1
mode)
1,070 1,150 1,200
GIMS 250 350 1,200

7.6.2 Power Consumptions of Typical Configurations
Table 7-6 lists the power consumption of the BSC6000 under typical configurations
Table 7-6 Power consumptions of the BSC6000 under typical configurations
Configuration Power (GTCS
not Included)
Power(GTCS
Included, A Interface
in E1 Mode)
Power (GTCS
Included, A
Interface in STM-1
Mode)
256 TRXs 990 W 1,640 W 1,570 W
512 TRXs 1,100 W 1,980 W 1,830 W
1024 TRXs 1,800 W 3,610 W 2,970 W
2048 TRXs 3,480 W 6,920 W 5,620 W

7.6.3 Power Supply and EMC Specifications
Table 7-7 lists the electrical specifications of the BSC6000.


Table 7-7 Electrical specifications of the BSC6000
Specification Value
Power supply 48 VDC
Input voltage range: 57 V to 40V
EMC Value as required in ETSI EN 300 386 V1.3.2 (2003-05)

7.7 Noise and Security Specifications
Table 7-8 lists the noise and security specifications of the BSC6000.
Table 7-8 Noise and security specifications of the BSC6000
Specification Value
< 7.2 bels (sound power level), meeting the requirement in ETS
300 753 / ISO 7779
Noise
< 65 dBA (sound pressure level), meeting the requirement in
GR-63-Core/ANSI S1.4-1983
Security
Value as required in
l UL 60950
l EN60950
l IEC60825
l GB4943-2000

7.8 Environment Requirements
The BSC6000 complies with the requirements of the following standards in the
aspects of storage environment, transportation environment, and operation
environment.
l GB 2423.1-1989
l GB 2423.2-1989
l GB 2423.4-1993
l GB 2423.22-1987
l GB/T 13543
l ETS 300 019
l NEBS GR-63-core


7.8.1 Storage Environment
The following lists the climate, waterproof, biological, air cleanness, and mechanical
stress requirements for the equipment storage.
I. Climate Requirements
Table 7-9 lists the climate requirements for equipment storage.
Table 7-9 Climate requirements for equipment storage
Item Value Range
Altitude 5,000 m
Air pressure 70 kPa to 106 kPa
Temperature 40C to +70C
Temperature change rate 1
o
C/min
Relative humidity 10% to 100%
Solar radiation 1,120 W/s
Heat radiation 600 W/s
Wind speed 30 m/s

Caution:
The ambient temperature of the KVM is 40C to +60C.

II. Waterproof Requirements
Avoid outdoor storage.
In the storage room:
l There must be no water on the ground.
l There must be no water leakage over the equipment.
l The equipment must be kept away from the auto fire-protection devices and the
air-conditioner.
If the equipment has to be placed outdoor, make sure that:
l The package is intact.
l The package is shielded from the rain.


l There is no water on the ground.
l The package is shielded from direct sunlight.
III. Biological Requirements
No fungus or mildew may grow.
There are no rodent animals such as rats.
IV. Air Cleanness
The air is free from explosive, conductive, magnetic conductive or corrosive dust.
Table 7-10 lists the requirements for the density of physically active materials.
Table 7-10 Storage requirements for physically active materials
Physically Active
Material
Unit Density
Suspending dust mg/m 5.00
Falling dust mg/mh 20.0
Sand mg/m 300
Note:
l Suspending dust, Diameter 75 mm
l Falling dust, 75 mm Diameter 150 mm
l Sand, 150 mm Diameter 1,000 mm

The density of chemically active materials must comply with the requirements listed in
Table 7-11.
Table 7-11 Storage requirements for chemically active materials
Chemically Active
Material
Unit Density
SO
2
mg/m 0.30
H
2
S mg/m 0.10
NO
2
mg/m 0.50
NH
3
mg/m 1.00
Cl
2
mg/m 0.10
HCl mg/m 0.10
HF mg/m 0.01


Chemically Active
Material
Unit Density
O
3
mg/m 0.05

V. Mechanical Stress
Table 7-12 lists the mechanical stress that the equipment can endure during storage.
Table 7-12 Mechanical stress requirements for storage environment
Item Sub-item Range
Offset 7.0 mm None
Accelerated speed None 20.0 m/s
Sinusoidal vibration
Frequency range 2 Hz to 9 Hz 9 Hz to 200 Hz
Impact response
spectrum II
250 m/s
Unsteady impact
Static payload 5 kPa
Note:
l Impact response spectrum
The maximum acceleration response curve generated by the equipment under
specified impact excitation. Impact response spectrum II means that the
duration of semi-sine impact response spectrum is 6 ms.
l Static payload
The capability of the equipment in package to bear the pressure from the top in
normal pile-up method.

7.8.2 Transportation Environment
stress requirements of the equipment during transportation.
Table 7-13 lists the climate requirements for equipment transportation.
Table 7-13 Climate requirements for equipment transportation
Item Range
Altitude 5,000 m


Item Range
Temperature 40C to +70C
Temperature change rate 3C/minute
Humidity 50% to 100%
Solar radiation 1,120 W/s
Heat radiation 600 W/s
Wind speed 30 m/s

II. Waterproof Requirements
Before transporting the equipment, make sure that:
l The package is intact.
l The package is shield from the rain.
l There is no water on the floor inside the vehicle.
III. Biological Requirements
IV. Air Cleanness
Table 7-14 Transportation requirements for physically active materials
Physically Active Material Unit Density
Suspending dust mg/m No requirement
Falling dust mg/mh 3.0
Sand mg/m 100
Note:
l Suspending dust: diameter 75 mm
l Falling dust: 75 mm diameter 150 mm
l Sand: 150 mm diameter 1,000 mm

Table 7-15 lists the requirements for the density of chemically active materials.


Table 7-15 Transportation requirements for chemically active materials
Chemically Active
Material
Unit Density
SO
2
mg/m 0.30
H
2
S mg/m 0.10
NO
2
mg/m 0.50
NH
3
mg/m 1.00
Cl
2
mg/m 0.10
HCl mg/m 0.10
HF mg/m 0.01
O
3
mg/m 0.05

V. Mechanical Stress
Table 7-16 lists the mechanical stress that the equipment can endure during
transportation.
Table 7-16 Mechanical stress requirements for transportation
Item Sub-item Range
Offset 7.5 mm - -
Accelerated speed - 20.0 m/s 40.0 m/s Sinusoidal
vibration
Frequency range
2 Hz to
9Hz
9 Hz to 200 Hz
200 Hz to
500 Hz
Spectrum density of
accelerated speed
10 m/s 3 m/s 1 m/s
Random
vibration
Frequency range
2 Hz to
9Hz
9 Hz to 200 Hz
200 Hz to
500 Hz
Impact response
spectrum II
300 m/s
Unsteady
impact
Static payload 10 kPa


Item Sub-item Range
Note:
The maximum acceleration response curve generated by the equipment under
specified impact excitation. Impact response spectrum II means that the
l Static payload
The capability of the equipment in package to bear the pressure from the top in
normal pile-up method.

7.8.3 Operation Environment
stress requirements of the equipment during operation.
Table 7-17 and Table 7-18 list the equipment operation requirements for the ambient
temperature and humidity.
Table 7-17 Operation requirements for temperature and humidity
Temperature Relative Humidity
Normal Safe Normal Safe
0C to 45C 5C to +55C 5% to 85% 5% to 95%
Note:
The values are measured 1.5 m above the floor and 0.4 m in front of the
equipment, without protective panels in front of and behind the cabinet.
Safe operation refers to continuous operation for not more than 96 hours or
accumulated operation of not more than 15 days in a year.

Table 7-18 Operation requirements for other climax factors
Item Range
Altitude 4,000 m
Temperature change rate 3C/min
Solar radiation 700 W/m
Heat radiation 600 W/m


Item Range
Wind speed 5 m/s

II. Biological Requirements
III. Air Cleanness
Table 7-19 Operation requirements for physically active materials
Physically Active
Material
Unit Density
Dust particles Particles/m
3 x 10
4

(No visible dust accumulated on desk top
within three days)
Note:
Dust particles, Diameter 5 mm

Table 7-20 lists the requirements for the density of chemically active materials.
Table 7-20 Operation requirements for chemically active materials
Chemically Active
Material
Unit Density
SO
2
mg/m 0.20
H
2
S mg/m 0.006
NH
3
mg/m 0.05
Cl
2
mg/m 0.01

IV. Mechanical Stress
Table 7-21 lists the mechanical stress that the equipment can endure during
operation.


Table 7-21 Mechanical stress requirements during equipment operation
Item Sub-item Range
Offset 3.5 mm -
Accelerated speed - 10.0 m/s
Sinusoidal vibration
Frequency range 2 Hz to 9 Hz
9 Hz to 200
Hz
Impact response spectrum II 100 m/s
Unsteady impact
Static payload 0
Note:
It is the maximum acceleration response curve generated by the equipment
under specified impact excitation. Impact response spectrum II means that the
l Static payload
It is the capability of the equipment in package to bear the pressure from the
top in normal pile-up method.



Chapter 8 Installation
l Hardware Installation
l Software Installation
8.2 Hardware Installation
8.2.1 Equipment Room Layout
Figure 8-1 shows the layout of the BSC6000 equipment room.


A
B
A
C C D

A < 800 mm B < 1800 mm C < 800 mm D < 1000 mm
Figure 8-1 Equipment room layout
8.2.2 Requirements on the Equipment Room
The equipment room of the BSC6000 must meet the following requirements:
l The net height (distance from the lowest point of the ceiling to the highest point
of the floor) must be 3000 mm at least.
l The aisle between the two rows of cabinets should be at least 1000 mm wide.
l The distance from the wall to the side, front, and back of the closest cabinet must
be 800 mm at least. The against-wall installation is not allowed.
l An aisle 1000 mm wide at least should be reserved in the equipment room.


The environmental requirements are listed in section 7.8 "Environment
Requirement".
8.3 Software Installation
The software installation of the BSC6000 is very easy.
The BSC6000 provides wizard installation. Many of the internal data and the system
configuration are generated automatically or configured before delivery. You only
need to install the OMU software and LMT software either in the initial configuration or
upgrade.


Appendix Acronyms and Abbreviations
A
AEC Audio Echo Cancel
ALC Automatic Level Control
AMR Adaptive MultiRate
ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit

B
BCCH Broadcast Control CHannel
BHCA Busy Hour Call Attempt
BM Basic Module
BSC Base Station Controller
BSS Base Station Subsystem

C
CBC Cell Broadcast Center
CIC Circuit Identification Code

D
DTX Discontinuous Transmission

E
EFR Enhanced Full Rate
EGPRS Enhanced GPRS
EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility
eMLPP enhanced Multi Level Precedence and Preemption
ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute

F
FR Full Rate


G
GBAM GSM Back Administration Module
GBCR GSM BSC Control processing Rack
GBSR GSM BSC Service processing Rack
GDSUC GSM Data proceSsing Unit for CS service
GE Gigabit Ethernet
GEIUA GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for A
GEIUB GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for aBis
GEIUP GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for Pb
GEIUT GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for aTer
GERAN GSM EDGE Radio Access Network
GEPS GSM Extended Processing Subrack
GGCK GSM General ClocK Unit
GGNU GSM GE switching Network Unit
GGSN Gateway GPRS Support Node
GIMS GSM Integrated Management System
GMPS GSM Main Processing Subrack
GOIUA GSM Optic Interface Unit for A
GOIUB GSM Optic Interface Unit for aBis
GOIUP GSM Optic Interface Unit for Pb
GOIUT GSM Optic Interface Unit for aTer
GPRS General Packet Radio Service
GSM Global System for Mobile communications
GTCS GSM TransCoder Subrack
GTNU GSM TDM switching Network Unit
GUI Graphic User Interface
GXPUC GSM eXtended Processing Unit for Cell broadcast service
GXPUM GSM eXtended Processing Unit for Main service

H
HLR Home Location Register
I
IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity


K
KVM Keyboard, video, and mouse

L
LAPD Link Access Procedure on the D channel
LMT Local Maintenance Terminal

M
MS Mobile Station
MSC Mobile Switching Center
MTBF Mean Time Between Failure
MTP2 Message Transfer Part Level 2
MTTR Mean Time To Repair

N
NMS Network Management System

O
OMU Operation and Maintenance Unit

P
PBGT Power BudGeT
PCU Packet Control Unit
PDCH Packet Data CHannel
PDN Packet Data Network

Q
QoS Quality of Service

S
SCCP Signaling Connection Control Part
SDCCH Stand-alone Dedicated Control Channel


SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node

T
TC Transcoder
TCH Traffic Channel
TDM Time Division Multiplexing
TFO Tandem Free Operation
TRAU Transcoder & Rate Adaptation Unit

W
WCDMA Wideband CDMA

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