Semester Exam Study Guide Directions: This is your study guide for the semester exam.

We will be reviewing as a class and you are expected to study this. 1. What ideas did the following documents contribute to our government? a. Magna Carta: limited monarchy, limited government. b. Mayflower Compact: self-government c. Common Sense- independence from Great Britain d. English Bill of Rights limited government 2. What is rule of law?-no one is above to law, not even anyone in government 3. What steps does a person need to take to become a citizen? 1. Apply to become a resident and wait 5 years. 2Apply to become naturalized. 3. Take exam, learn English, and be of good moral character. 4. Take oath of allegiance. 4. What is the difference between an obligation and a responsibility? Give an example on each. An obligation is something you MUST do, Example, pay taxes. A Responsibility is something you should do, example: vote. 5. What are the 5 freedoms a person has according to the first amendment? Freedom of speech, petition, religion, press, assembly. 6. What are the differences between the Constitution and the Articles of Confederation? Articles of Confederation: one branch in government, no President, every state gets one vote. Constitution: 3 branches, President, Legislative branch is broken up into two houses. House of Representative votes is based on Population. 7. What are some checks that branches have on each other? For example? How does the judicial branch check the Executive and Legislative Branch? Legislative branch approves Presidential nominations, President can veto bills, and judicial branch can say a law is unconstitutional. 8. Why was the Preamble created for the Constitution? To lay out the reason for the Constitution 9. What were the ideas that John Locke had about government? Natural Rights (life, liberty, property), social contract (we agree to live under laws and be protected). 10.What were the ideas that Montesquieu had about government? Separation of powers: powers should be separated balanced, and check each other. 11.Why did Thomas Paine write common sense? To convince the colonists to become their own country. 12.What did Amendments 1-10 do? 1: freedoms 2: right to bear arms 3: dont have to house a soldier 4: no unreasonable search and seizures 5: protection against double jeopardy, dont have to testify against yourself 6: fair trial 7: trial by jury 8: no excessive bail 10: rights not given in the constitution are left for the states

13.What branch of government did Article I of the Constitution give guidelines for? Legislative branch, Congress (House of Representatives and Senate) 14.What branch of government did Article II of the Constitution give guidelines for? Executive Branch (President, Vice President, and Cabinet) 15.What branch of government did Article III of the Constitution give guidelines for? Judicial Branch (Supreme Court) 16.What are some of Americas current political parties? Democrats, republicans, libertarian, green 17.What kind of political party system do we have currently in the United States? Two party system 18.What are some of the differences in Republicans v. Democrats? Give me 5 things the Republicans thought and 6 things the Democrats thought. Republicans: raise taxes: anti-gun control, not for government programs. Do not make a lot of laws involving environment policies Democrats: raise taxes on wealthy, lower taxes on middle and lower class. For gun control, for creating social programs, make environmental policies 19.What are the requirements for running for the office of the following: President: 35 years old, natural born citizen, 14 years resident Senator: 30 years old, citizen of US for 9 years and a resident of the state they are running for senate in. Representative: 25, citizen of the US for 7 years and a resident of the state they are funning for House of Representatives in. 20.What is the process of becoming a candidate for President? We did a flow map on this. 1. Primary election 2. National convention 3. Campaigning 4. Debates 5. General election 21.What are the rights of people who are accused of a crime? Look at the Bill of Rights. 5: protects against double jeopardy, makes you not have to testify against yourself 6: right to a fair and speed trial 7: right to have a jury of your peers