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Management and leadership differ in several dimensions.

Richard Daft looked at the differences between management and leadership from 5 different angles: (i) that of direction, (ii) alignment, (iii) relationships, (iv) personal qualities, and (v) outcomes. Both leadership and management provide direction for the organization. However, Management focuses on establishing detailed plans and schedules for achieving specific results and then allocating resources to accomplish the plan. Leadership creates a vision of the future and strategies for the changes needed to achieve that vision. Management calls for keeping an eye on the bottom line and short-term results. Leadership means keeping an eye on the horizon and long-term future. A vision is a picture of an ambitious, desirable future for the organization or team. To be compelling for followers, the vision has to be one that they can relate to and share. IKEA: to provide affordable furniture for people with limited budgets At google, ppl are energetic by the psychic rewards they get from working on intellectually stimulating and challenging technical problems, as well as the potentially beneficial global impact f their work. Leaders stress a vision of unifying data and information around the world, one day totally obliterating language barriers via the internet. Both management and leadership need to align the subordinates or followers. Management entails organizing a structure to accomplish the plan; staffing the structure with the employees; and developing policies to direct employees and monitor implementation. Managers are thinkers and workers are doers. Leadership communicates the vision and develops a shared culture and core values for a desired future. They involve others as thinkers, doers, and leaders themselves, fostering a sense of ownership in everyone. Managers often set boundaries of department based on specialties, skills and functions. Leaders breaks down the boundaries so ppl know what others are doing. Thus ppl can coordinate easily, feel a sense of teamwork and equalness for achieving outcomes. Leaders help their followers to grow. Leaders encourage followers to expand their minds and abilities and to assume responsibilities for their own actions. When there is a question, managers provides answers. Leadership entails asking questions, listening, and involving others to come out with the solution. Both of them build the relationship. Management focuses on machines, reports, and the production of goods and services. Management relationship is based on formal authority.

For example, in an authority relationship, both ppl accept that manager can tell a subordinate to be at work at 7am, or her pay will be docked. Formal position power is a written, spoken, or implied, contract wherein people accept a superior or subordinate role and see the use of coercive and noncoercive behavior as acceptable to achieve results. Leadership focus on motivating and inspring ppl. Leadership, on the other hand, replies on influence, which is less likely to use coercion. Followers are empowered to make decisions. Leaders strive to make work stimulating and challenging and involves pulling rather than pushing ppl toward goals. Leaders work as coach, facilitator or servant who help with the followers to accomplish their goals. Leadership power comes from the personal character of the leader. The differing source of power is one of the key distinctions between management and leadership. personal qualities : Managers care about organization. They tend to look ppl with a set of skills to accomplish organizational goals. They create emotional distance. In contrast, leadership connects ppl with emotional connections. Good leadership firstly comes from the passion for the work, a genuine concern on other ppl, and a willingness to share the passion with others. Great leaders are ppl who love what they do and want to share their love with others. The last is management and leadership creates different outcomes. Management creates a degree of stability, predictability, and order through a culture of efficiency. Good management helps organization achieve short-term results and meet the expectations of various stakeholders. Leadership, on the other hand, creates changes, often radical change, within a culture of integrity that helps the organization thrive over the long haul by promoting openness and long-term focus. Leadership facilitates the courage needed to make difficult and unconventional decisions that may sometimes hurt short-term results. Good leadership can lead to valuable change, such as new product and services that gain new customers or expand market. Good management helps organization meet current commitment, good leadership helps organizations to move to the future. These two are needed for organizations to be successful.

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