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Code No: RR310801 Set No.

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III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
MECHANICAL UNIT OPERATIONS
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) For flow of solids out of a bin which opening is preferable, side opening or a
bottom opening? Why? [6]
(b) What are the factors on which the rate of flow of granular solids by gravity,
through a circular opening in the bottom of a bin, depends upon? [5]
(c) Discuss about various devices for transportation of solids. [6]

2. (a) Discuss about axial mixing in paste mixers. [6]


(b) A silty soil containing 14 percent moisture was mixed in a large muller mixer
with 10.0 weight percent of a tracer consisting of dextrose and picric acid.
After 3 min of mixing, 12 random samples were taken from the mix and
analyzed colorimetrically for tracer material. The measured concentrations in
the sample were in weight percent tracer 10.24, 9.30, 7.94, 10.24, 11.08, 10.03,
11.91, 9.72, 9.20, 10.76, 10.97,10.55. Calculate the mixing index Ip and the
standard deviations. [10]

3. (a) What is an Agitated mill? Explain its operation. [6]


(b) Discuss, with the aid of a schematic sketch of a colloid mill, the working of a
colloid mill. [6]
(c) What type of material can best be handled in it? [4]

4. (a) Explain the working of plate and frame filter press with a neat diagram. [10]
(b) Discuss about shell-and-leaf filters. [6]

5. (a) Discuss about the types of membranes and the material of construction. [8]
(b) Discuss about the rejection curve for some membranes based on molecular
weight of membranes. [8]

6. (a) Write about the principles of centrifugal sedimentation and explain its mech-
anism of operation. [8]
(b) Sink and float method with suitable example. [8]

7. (a) Describe power consumption in agitated vessels with relevant equations. [8]
(b) Explain the term “vortex formation” in agitated tank with neat diagram. How
can swirling be prevented? [8]

8. (a) What is a crystal? Write about invariant crystals and about crystal size and
shape factors? [8]

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Code No: RR310801 Set No. 1
(b) Write short notes on homogenous nucleatron. [8]

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Code No: RR310801 Set No. 2
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
MECHANICAL UNIT OPERATIONS
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Explain how cohesive solids flow out of bins. [6]


(b) The discharge opening for flow of solids out of bins plays an important role in
maintaining a proper control of the flow rate. Explain. [5]
(c) What causes the solids to arch or bridge in the container and prevent flow?
How is it overcome? [5]

2. (a) Describe the construction and working of the Banbury mixer with a neat
sketch. What are its uses? [6]
(b) A large Banbury mixer masticates 816 kg of scrap rubber with a density of
1121.26 kg/m3 . The power load is 1182 kW/m3 of rubber. How much cooling
water in m3 /min is needed to remove the heat generated in the mixer if the
temperature of the water is not to rise more than 270 C? [10]

3. A material is crushed in a Blake jaw crusher such that the average size of particle
is reduced from 50 mm to 10 mm with a consumption of energy at the rate of 13
kJ/kg. What will be the consumption of energy needed to crush the same material
of average size of 75 mm to an average size of 25 mm?

(a) Assuming Rittinger’s law applies? [6]


(b) Assuming Kick’s law applies? [6]
(c) Which of these results would be regarded as being more reliable and why? [4]

4. Explain the principle of continuous vaccum filtration and describe the functioning
of Rotary-Drum filter with a neat diagram. [16]

5. Write short notes on.

(a) Partial rejection of solutes. [4]


(b) Microfiltration [8]
(c) Different types membranes used for ultrasiltration. [4]

6. (a) Describe the different stages of the hatch sedimentation process. [8]
(b) Write about of rate of sedimentation and explain the relation between the
interface height and settling time. [8]

7. A flat-blade turbine with six blades is installed centrally in a vertical tank. The
tank is 1.5 m in diameter; the turbine is 0.5 m in diameter and is positioned 0.5

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Code No: RR310801 Set No. 2
from the bottom of the tank. The turbine blades are 125 mm wide. The tank is
filled to a depth of 1.5 m with rubber-latex compound at 650 C having a viscosity
of 1200 P and a density of 1129 kg/m3 . The turbine is operated at 95 rpm. The
tank is unbaffled. What power will be required to operate the mixer(Make suitable
assumptions)? [16]

8. (a) What is a crystal? Write about invariant crystals and about crystal size and
shape factors? [8]
(b) Write short notes on homogenous nucleatron. [8]

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Code No: RR310801 Set No. 3
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
MECHANICAL UNIT OPERATIONS
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) What are the distinctive properties of particulate masses? [8]


(b) Explain how free flowing solids flow out of bins. [8]

2. Discuss about different mixers for free flowing solids. [16]

3. (a) What are various laws of size reduction? State each one of them with their
limitations. [10]
(b) Which law is more realistic in estimating power requirement of a commercial
comminuting machine? Give answer with justification. [3]
(c) State the generalized relation for all the laws of size reduction. [3]

4. (a) What are the major requirements for selection of filter media. [8]
(b) Write short notes on [8]
i. Filter aids
ii. Washing filter cakes

5. (a) Classify the membranes based on size range of the particles. [6]
(b) Distinguish between micro and macrofiltration. [4]
(c) Explain the solution diffusion mechanism under membrane based separations.
[6]

6. Write notes on:

(a) Axial flow conveyor centrifuges [8]


(b) Centrifugal classifiers. [8]

7. (a) Show by dimensional analysis that the power required by mixer impeller can
be correlated by means of power number as a function of Reynolds number
and Froude number [10]
(b) Explain the physical significance of each number in the above correlation. [6]

8. A salt solution is weighing 10,000 kg with 30 wt% Na2 CO3 is cooled to 293k. The
salt crystallizes as the dehydrate. What will be the yield of Na2 CO3 , 10 H2 O
crystals if the solubility is 21.5kg anhydrous Na2 CO3 / 100 kg of total water. Do
this for the following cases.

(a) Assume that no water is evaporated.

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Code No: RR310801 Set No. 3
(b) Assume that 3% of the total weight of solution is lost by evaporation of water
in cooling. [16]

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Code No: RR310801 Set No. 4
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
MECHANICAL UNIT OPERATIONS
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) State the similarities and differences between the properties of solid particles
and fluids. [6]
(b) How are particulate solids classified depending on their flow properties? Give
examples. [4]
(c) Write in detail about bin storage and bulk storage. [6]

2. Write about the power consumption for different types of mixing equipment. [16]

3. (a) What are various laws of size reduction? State each one of them with their
limitations. [10]
(b) Which law is more realistic in estimating power requirement of a commercial
comminuting machine? Give answer with justification. [3]
(c) State the generalized relation for all the laws of size reduction. [3]

4. Write short notes on.

(a) Ideal and actual screens. [8]


(b) Capacity and effectiveness of screens. [8]

5. What are the different types of membranes and discuss them in detail with their
applications. [16]

6. (a) Write a note on sludge-separators. [8]


(b) Describe helical-conveyor centrifuge with a neat diagram. [8]

7. What do you understand from the pitch of the agitator ? Mention the applications
of flat bladed turbine , pitched turbine & Propeller agitator. [16]

8. (a) What is the rate of nucleation? Explain attrition and origins of crystals in
crystallizers. [10]
(b) Explain the phenomenon of nucleation. [6]

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