Code No: RR410805 Set No.

1
IV B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
PROCESS MODELLING & SIMULATION
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. Define the equations and notations for Dalton’s law, Raoult’s law and relative
volatility of an ideal vapour-liquid equilibrium system. [16]
2. Write the component continuity equations for the following reactions taking place
in a CSTR (continuous stirred-tank reactor):
(a) Simultaneous reactions (first-order, isothermal)
k1 k2
A→B A→C
(b) Reversible (first-order, isothermal)
k1
A→
←B
k2

State the assumptions made and explain the nomenclature used. [16]
3. A first order irreversible exothermic reaction A → B occurs in a series of three
perfectly mixed CSTRs. Feed enters the first reactor and product leaves the third
reactor. Derive the mass balance and component continuity equations considering
isothermal and constant holdups. Assume constant density for the system, which
is a binary mixture of A and B. [16]
4. For a jacketed Batch reactor derive the equations for Heating and cooling phase.
[16]
5. Develop the dynamic modeling equations for ideal binary distillation column. [16]
6. The height h of a liquid in a gravity flow tank and the liquid velocity v leaving
through the outlet of the tank are given by the following equations.
dv/dt = ph − qv 2
dh/dt = r − sv
where p,q,r and s are constants. Explain the procedure to solve these equations for
v and h by fourth order Runge − Kutta method. [16]
7. Develop a mathematical model for a simple gravity flow tank into which an incom-
pressible liquid is pumped at a variable flow rate of Fo (m3 /s) .This inflow rate can
vary with time because of changes in operations upstream The height of the liquid
in the vertical cylindrical is h (m) .The flow rate out of the tank is F (m3 /s).Discuss
the Newton-Raphson algorithms for solving the modeled equations. [16]
8. Discuss the general “Newton - Rapshan” algorithm to determine the bubble point
temperature for a binary system of components 1 and 2. Assume the system is
ideal, Raoult’s and Dalton’s laws are applicable. [16]

1 of 2
Code No: RR410805 Set No. 1
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

2 of 2
Code No: RR410805 Set No. 2
IV B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
PROCESS MODELLING & SIMULATION
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. Write

(a) Total continuity equation (mass balance)

(b) Component continuity equation (component balance) and
(c) Energy equation. Explain the notation scheme used and state the assumptions
made clearly. [16]

2. Write the component continuity equations for the following reactions taking place
in a CSTR (continuous stirred-tank reactor):

(a) Simultaneous reactions (first-order, isothermal)

k1 k2
A→B A→C
(b) Reversible (first-order, isothermal)
k1
A→
←B
k2

State the assumptions made and explain the nomenclature used. [16]

3. A mixture of two immiscible liquids is fed into a decanter. The heavier liquid α
settles to the bottom of the tank. The lighter liquid β forms a layer on the top.
The two interfaces are detected by floats and are controlled by manipulating the
two flows Fα and Fβ .
Fα = Kα hα
Fβ = Kβ ( hα + hβ )
The controllers increase or decrease the flows as the levels rise or fall. The total
feed rate is FO . The weight fraction of liquid α in the feed is xα . The two densities
ρα and ρβ are constant. Write the equations describing the dynamic behavior of
this system as shown in the (figure1).
[16]

4. Explain the steady state model and thermal equilibrium model for LPG vaporiser
with a neat diagram. [16]

5. Develop the dynamic modeling equations for ideal binary distillation column. [16]

6. Explain the following convergence methods

(a) False Position

1 of 2
Code No: RR410805 Set No. 2

Figure 1:

(b) Explicit Convergence methods. [16]

7. Develop a mathematical model and explain elaborately the Newton - Raphson al-
gorithm to simulate the gravity flow tank into which an incompressible liquid is
pumped at a variable rate Fo for the two different initial conditions of flow and the
liquid level in the tank:

(a) when the initial flow rate is 50% of the design rate
(b) when the initial flow rate is 67% of the design rate. [16]

8. Discuss the general “Newton - Rapshan” algorithm to determine the bubble point
temperature for a binary system of components 1 and 2. Assume the system is
ideal, Raoult’s and Dalton’s laws are applicable. [16]

⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

2 of 2
Code No: RR410805 Set No. 3
IV B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
PROCESS MODELLING & SIMULATION
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. Write

(a) Total continuity equation (mass balance)

(b) Component continuity equation (component balance) and
(c) Energy equation. Explain the notation scheme used and state the assumptions
made clearly. [16]

2. Write the component continuity equations for the following reactions taking place
in a CSTR (continuous stirred-tank reactor):

(a) Simultaneous reactions (first-order, isothermal)

k1 k2
A→B A→C
(b) Reversible (first-order, isothermal)
k1
←B
A→
k2

State the assumptions made and explain the nomenclature used. [16]

3. A mixture of two immiscible liquids is fed into a decanter. The heavier liquid α
settles to the bottom of the tank. The lighter liquid β forms a layer on the top.
The two interfaces are detected by floats and are controlled by manipulating the
two flows Fα and Fβ .
Fα = Kα hα
Fβ = Kβ ( hα + hβ )
The controllers increase or decrease the flows as the levels rise or fall. The total
feed rate is FO . The weight fraction of liquid α in the feed is xα . The two densities
ρα and ρβ are constant. Write the equations describing the dynamic behavior of
this system as shown in the (figure1).
[16]

4. Explain the steady state model and thermal equilibrium model for LPG vaporiser
with a neat diagram. [16]

5. Derive the equations describing the multicomponent Batch distillation column with
constant hold up. [16]

1 of 2
Code No: RR410805 Set No. 3

Figure 1:

6. The height h of a liquid in a gravity flow tank and the liquid velocity v leaving
through the outlet of the tank are given by the following equations.
dv/dt = ph − qv 2
dh/dt = r − sv
where p,q,r and s are constants. Explain the procedure to solve these equations for
v and h by fourth order Runge − Kutta method. [16]

7. Develop a mathematical model and discuss the general algorithm by Euler method
for a perfectly mixed tank in which the reactant A gives B at a specific rate constant
k1 , at the same time B gives C with a rate constant k2 as per the reaction.
k1 k2
A → B → C.

[16]

8. Discuss the general “Newton - Rapshan” algorithm to determine the bubble point
temperature for a binary system of components 1 and 2. Assume the system is
ideal, Raoult’s and Dalton’s laws are applicable. [16]

⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

2 of 2
Code No: RR410805 Set No. 4
IV B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
PROCESS MODELLING & SIMULATION
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. The liquid phase hydrolysis reaction of acetic anhydride to form acetic acid is carried
out in a constant volume adiabatic batch reactor. The reaction is exothermic with
the following stoichiometry. (CH3 C)2 O + H2 O → 2CH3 COOH + Heat.
Derive mass and energy balances for the system assuming the reaction as first order.
[16]

2. Write the component continuity equations for the following reactions taking place
in a CSTR (continuous stirred-tank reactor):

(a) Simultaneous reactions (first-order, isothermal)

k1 k2
A→B A→C
(b) Reversible (first-order, isothermal)
k1
←B
A→
k2

State the assumptions made and explain the nomenclature used. [16]

3. An irreversible exothermic reaction A→ B occurs in a series of three perfectly mixed

CSTRs. Feed enters the first reactor and product leaves the third reactor. Assume
the reaction is nth order in reactant A. Derive the mass balance and component
continuity equations considering variable holdups. Assume constant density for the
system, which is a binary mixture of A and B. [16]

4. Explain the steady state model and thermal equilibrium model for LPG vaporiser
with a neat diagram. [16]

5. Develop the dynamic modeling equations for ideal binary distillation column. [16]

6. Explain the following convergence methods

(a) Interval Halving

(b) Newton Raphson method. [16]

7. Develop a mathematical model for the perfectly mixed reactor in which a first order
irreversible reaction with specific rate constant k is taking place as per the reaction
k
A→B

Discuss the algorithm to solve the equations by Runge kutta method. [16]

1 of 2
Code No: RR410805 Set No. 4
8. A fluid of constant density r is pumped into a cone-shaped tank of total volume
HπR2 /3. The flow out of the bottom of the tank is proportional to the square root
of the height ‘h’ of liquid in the tank. Derive the equations describing the system
and discuss the computer simulation circuit diagram for solving the equations. [16]

⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

2 of 2