All data provided in this document is non-binding.

This data serves informational purposes only and is especially not guaranteed in any way. Depending on the subsequent specic individual projects, the relevant data may be subject to changes and will be assessed and determined individually for each project. This will depend on the particular characteristics of each individual project, especially specic site and operational conditions. CopyrightMAN Diesel & Turbo. D2366495EN Printed in Germany GMC-AUG-07122

Cutting SOx Emissions

With the effective DryEGCS exhaust gas cleaning system

MAN Diesel & Turbo Department Upgrades & Retrots 86224 Augsburg, Germany Phone +49 821 322-3455 Fax +49 821 322-3838 primeserv-aug-retrot@mandieselturbo.com www.mandieselturbo.com

MAN PrimeServ a service brand of MAN Diesel & Turbo

MAN PrimeServ Peace of mind for life

MAN PrimeServ provides outstanding technical support, drawing on our long experience as an OEM. We offer expert assistance and high-quality products, wherever and whenever our customers need us: we operate an extensive global network of service centres, staffed by highly-skilled professionals and equipped with the lat4

est repair technology. Our 24-hour international hotline ensures a rapid response. MANPrimeServs comprehensive service portfolioprovides for all types of diesel, gas and dual-fuel engines and turbo machinery. It involves much more than repairs: we bring our customers the latest technology, enabling them to continuously improve the efciency, availability and sustainability of their products and
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facilities. One of these state-of-the-art product innovations is the DryEGCS exhaust gas cleaning system. This technology is an effective, affordable solution for vessel
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operators facing stricter emission standards. The system removes sulphur from exhaust gas, offering signicantly lower operating costs than low-sulphur fuel. Whats more, DryEGCS is clean, based on uncomplicated proven technology, requires little maintenance effort, is compatible with other emission-reduction technologies and can be retrotted on most vessels.

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Diesel engine DryEGCS system SCR Boiler Silencer

Cutting SOx Emissions

Cutting SO x Emissions

DryEGCS Exhaust gas cleaning system

Vessel operators are facing stricter limitations on sulphur emissions. MAN Diesel & Turbos DryEGCS Exhaust Gas Cleaning System offers an ideal solution. This technology efciently removes sulphur from exhaust gas, saving operators from buying expensive low-sulphur fuel. DryEGCS is based on a chemical process using dry granulate of hydrated lime, making it exceptionally reliable and environmentally friendly.

Boiler

DryEGCS reactor

Emission regulations
Hydrated lime supply & disposal

Sulphur in = sulphur out

The new IMO regulations set NOx emission limits depending on the vessels keel laying date. The thresholds for sulphur, however, apply to all engines regardless of the ships age. As engine SOx emissions result entirely from the level of sulphur in the fuel used, the IMO is introducing limits on fuel sulphur content. While engine manufacturers can influence NOx formation, they cannot reduce the level of SOx by changing the engine combustion process or other similar measures. That means vessel operators have to use low-sulphur fuel to meet SOx limits unless they have a certified exhaust gas after-treatment method, e.g. the DryEGCS.

Selective catalytic reduction SCR (optional)

In recent years, global and local regulations regarding exhaust gas emissions from marine medium speed diesel engines have become increasingly strict. These particularly target nitrogen oxide (NOx) and sulphur oxide (SOx) emissions. The new thresholds for marine diesel exhaust gas are defined in the revised IMO MARPOL 73/78 Annex VI.

Monitoring & control

Diesel engine
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DryEGCS Lower sulphur, less cost

Sulphur Content [%]

4,5 4,0 3,5 3,0 2,5 2,0 1,5 1,0 0,5 0

General

in ECAs

NOx [g/kWh]
Tier 1 Tier 2 Tier 3 for vessel keel laying 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 Existing ECA U.S. and Canadian ECA Discussed ECA 2020 2022

in ECAs

2008

Implementation schedule for SOx and NOx limits, according to IMO MARPOL 73/78 Annex VI

World map showing ECAs

Sulphur limits to tighten further

In addition to general emission limits for ships operating worldwide, the IMO has defined stricter limits valid in specified Emission Controlled Areas (ECAs). Since mid-2010, the permissible sulphur content in fuel has been limited to 1.0% in ECAs. From 2015, this threshold will be significantly lowered, allowing fuel with just 0.1% sulphur content. In 2020, the limit for sulphur in fuel for all ships operating worldwide outside of ECAs is set to decrease to 0.5%.* At present, there are ECAs in the Baltic and North Sea. These will be joined by the coasts of the USA and Canada in August 2012. ECAs are currently under discussion in several other frequently used shipp ing regions. Strict sulphur limits have already been in place in EU ports (0.1% sulphur limit) since early 2010, and also apply in Californian coastal waters. Other regions are likely to impose similar local emission regulations in future.

Higher fuel prices on the way

It is widely believed that the introduction of tougher SOx emission limits will have an impact on future fuel prices: the cost of low-sulphur fuels, especially distillates, is expected to rise signifi cantly. To give operators a more affordable alternative, MAN Diesel & Turbo has chosen DryEGCS, an exhaust gas after-treatment method suitable for all medium speed diesel engine installations. MAN Diesel & Turbos DryEGCS exhaust gas clean ing system helps operators to avoid steep increases in operating costs due to soaring prices for lowsulphur fuels. DryEGCS effectively removes sulphur oxide (SOx) from the exhaust gas. As a result, oper ators can continue using high-sulphur HFO, yet still fulfil the requirements set by the IMO and national authorities.

* Implementation date under revision by IMO in the year 2018 and maybe delayed until 2025

Cutting SOx Emissions

Cutting SO x Emissions

DryEGCS System description

DryEGCS system main components

Exhaust gas duct Shut-off damper Fresh hydrated lime supply

Shut-off damper
A

Bypass

Shut-off damper Cascade counter flow reactor

Hydrated lime for the DryEGCS system

Exhaust gas flow in reactor between cascades

Used hydrated lime disposal

The DryEGCS technology is based on the chemical reaction between sulphur and calcium. The exhaust gas from the engine passes through a reactor filled with dry granulate of hydrated lime. In the reactor, a chemical reaction between the hydrated lime and the SOx takes place. These bind to form gypsum, which accrues in the granulate, removing the SOx from the exhaust gas. This process is completely dry and does not require any water at all. The reaction is most

efficient in the temperature range between 240C and 450C. DryEGCS essentially comprises a steel counter flow reactor, which is thermally insulated and filled with hydrated lime. The exhaust gas from the engines turbocharger enters the reactor, flows through cascades and is discharged after being cleaned. Fresh granulate is stored in a compartment above the reactor and slowly moves through it from top to bottom by force of gravity. During the exhaust gas dwell time in the reactor, the hydrated lime absorbs the sulphur. The reactor design and the granulate mass flow are carefully calibrated to ensure that the degree of saturation increases towards the bottom of the reactor. Used granulate is collected at the bottom of the reactor. Mechanical or pneumatic conveyors Larger quantities of granulates can be stored in unused spaces in the hull or in special standardised containers. The latter can be easily handled by cranes or trucks during port stay, ensuring quick, efficient replacement. can supply fresh granulate and expel used granulate. All necessary system components can be retrofitted in most cases.

Cutting SOx Emissions

Cutting SO x Emissions

DryEGCS Advantages

DryEGCS Investment and payback time

Payback time in years

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

Assumptions: Typical system investment for one engine, excl. installation cost Output: 10,000 kW SFOC: 190 g/kWh Operation: 6,000 h/year

Fuel price difference [/t]

DryEGCS effect of fuel price difference on payback time

The DryEGCS process has no significant impact on the exhaust gas temperature and backpressure. Consequently, an exhaust gas boiler and additional SCR (Selective Catalyst Reduction) to reduce nitrogen oxide (NOx) can be operated downstream from the DryEGCS system.

DryEGCS has proven its high availability, while requiring little servicing and maintenance. Another key benefit is that DryEGCS does not simply result in pollutants being released into the sea rather than the atmosphere: instead, it binds them chemically. Used granulate can be disposed of easily and at little

The up-front investment involves the cost of the DryEGCS equipment and its installation on board. Both are dependent on the amount and size of the engines requiring exhaust gas cleaning, and the ships architecture.
The operating costs of the DryEGCS system are comparatively low and correlate with the targeted SOx reduction rate. Depending on the fuel price differences between high-sulphur HFO and low-sulphur alternative fuels, the system offers highly attractive payback times. MAN Diesel & Turbo can provide you with a specific business case based on the operating profile of your vessel. The figure above illustrates a most probable scenario in ECA zones from 2015 on, assuming a fuel price difference between HFO and MGO of 200/t. According to this example, the resulting payback time for the DryEGCS system would be less than one year.

In new-build vessels, the system can be installed close to the engine in the bottom section of the craft, which has the advantages of increasing stability and reducing impact on cargo space.

cost, as it can be re-used. For example, any remain ing capacity for SOx reduction can be exploited in large coal power plant applications or in many other indus tries. Supply and disposal agreements can be ar ranged worldwide with local business partners.

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DryEGCS Retrofit solutions

The DryEGCS system can be retrofitted on most vessels. MAN Diesel & Turbos retrofit experts will be pleased to assist you with further information and details such as feasibility studies, business cases and project engineering. Please contact us to receive a specific quotation for your application. A successful example of retrofitting the DryEGCS system is the vessel MV Timbus, where the system has proved its capability and reliability in marine application.

The DryEGCS reactor during retrofit

The completed DryEGCS system (right page)

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DryEGCS Characteristics

DryEGCS characteristics

Exhaust gas after treatment avoiding mandatory SOx reduction into gypsum (CaSO4) by dry Reduction rate of SOx >98%, sufficient to fulfil No wash water required Short payback time Low operating costs and easy maintenance Attractive for retrofits and new buildings Minor impact on exhaust gas temperature Combination with SCR and heat recovery

Improved smoke behaviour due to particle Worldwide logistics for granulate supply and Operation temperature from 240C to 450C Required operation temperature is maintained Heating up time after long non-active period Proven in land-based applications

use of distillate fuel

filtration

granulate of hydrated lime

disposal available

IMO limitations

in reactor for several days

approx. 4 to 6 hours

possible

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Cutting SOx Emissions

Cutting SO x Emissions

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