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Recommendations: Don't connect active circuits to /MCLR. If /MCLR is used to reset the PIC, there should be a resistor greater than 56k between /MCLR and Vdd. It may be combined with a small capacitor of less than 100 pF to GND (Vss ). There must not be any inductive or capacitive load on the programming signal pins. You may connect a highimpedance circuit (>10k), e.g., a key. When the operating voltage Vdd is operated by the programmer module, eventually you must isolate the Vdd pin of the PIC from the rest of the application circuit during programming. This may be the case, if the application circuit contains its own voltage regulator for Vdd, has a big decoupling capacitor, which the programmer module can't charge fast enough, is designed for a supply voltage of 3.3V, and the PIC needs at least 4.5V for programming. Instead of a complete isolation, possibly a Schottky diode may work. To hold the PGM pin Low while programming connect it with a resistor of about 2.2k to 10k to GND. Always enable the Power-Up Timer in the configuration word. Its delay of more than 40ms gives enough time to have a stable Vdd before starting any operation and avoids unintended program execution before entering programming mode. During programming the other port pins stay in input mode, e.g., they have a very high impedance. The application circuit should handle this state in the most inactive way possible. To avoid undesired 'side effects' you may consider pull-down or pull-up resistors. To be able to re-program a PIC with Vdd below 4.5V, the memory must not be protected, since the "Chip Erase" which is the only way to remove code or data protection requires a Vdd above 4.5V on almost all PIC.
Vpp
(1)
GND
(2)
Vdd
(3)
Data
(4)
Clk
(5)
PGM
@ "Low"
4 4 4 4 4 4
8 8 14 14 5 5
1 1 1 1 14 14
7 7 13 13 13 13
8 8 12 12 12 12
10 -
18-pin
4 4 4 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
13 13 13 19 28 28 28 28 28 28 40 40 40 40 40 40
12 12 12 18 27 27 27 27 27 27 38 38 38 38 38 38
9 9 24 24 24 24 24 36 36 36 36 36
2,0V - 5,5V 4,5V - 5,5V 2,0V - 5,5V 2.0V - 5.5V 4.75V - 5.25V 4.75V - 5.25V 2.5V - 5.5V 2.0V - 5.5V 2.0V - 5.5V 2.0V - 5.5V 4.75V - 5.25V 4.75V - 5.25V 2.5V - 5.5V 2.0V - 5.5V 2.0V - 5.5V 2.0V - 5.5V
20-pin
16F6xx, 16F785 16F7x 16F7x7 16F87x 16F87xA 16F88x 16F91x 16F7x 16F7x7 16F87x 16F87xA 16F88x 16F91x
28-pin
40-pin