Peraturan Pemarkahan 4541 Chemistry Oktober 2010

BAHAGIAN PENGURUSAN SEKOLAH BERASRAMA PENUH DAN SEKOLAH KECEMERLANGAN KEMENTERIAN PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

PEPERIKSAAN SELARAS AKHIR TAHUN TINGKATAN 4 TAHUN 2010

CHEMISTRY MARKING SCHEME

PAPER 1 PAPER 2 PAPER 3

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 16 halaman bercetak

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Paper 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

A B A D B D B A D B C A B C D C A C B D

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

B C A B B C A D C D B C B A C A A B D A

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

D D A A D A B B A D

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Paper 2
1 (a) Rubric (i) (ii) 19 18 Score 1 1 1 1 1 1+1

(iii) 2.8.7 (iv) V and X Both atoms V and X have the same proton number but different nucleon number (b) (i)

R (ii) [mark freezing point on the graph & label] Temperature (oC)

S 1

Freezing point

Time(s) t1 t2

Heat released to the surrounding is equal to the Heat released as the particles attract one another to form a solid

1 1

10

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SULIT 2 (a) Period 3; Group 13

Peperiksaan Selaras Akhir Tahun Tingkatan 4 Rubric Score 1+1 1 1 1

(b) Atom W has stable octet electron arrangement (c) (i) (ii) S [state either one special characteristics of transition elements] Show different oxidation number Formed colour ions or compounds. Are useful catalysts Formed complex ion

(d) V, U, P (e) (i) R (ii) R has bigger atomic size than Q//the valence electron is further away from nucleus R than Q Nuclei attraction of R towards valence electron is weaker than Q//Atom R is easier to donate its valence electron [mark correct position of element M]

1 1 1 1 1

(f)

P Q R T S

V W

10

3 (a)

Rubric (i) (ii) Anion is negatively-charged ion Cl-, OH-

Score 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10

(b) (c)

Electricity energy chemical energy (i) (ii) X 2H+ + 2e- H2 Bring a lighted wooden splinter to the mouth of the test tube Pop sound is heard

(iii) (d) (i) (ii)

iodine Concentration of I- is higher than OHI- is selectively discharged to produce iodine

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4 (a) (b) (c)

(d)

Rubric Score (i) Blue to red 1 + (ii) H 1 No 1 + No presence of H ion//ethanoic acid exist as a neutral molecule 1 Ethanoic acid has higher pH value than hydrochloric acid 1 Ethanoic acid is weak acid and hydrochloric acid is strong acid//ethanoic acid ionises 1 partially in water and hydrochloric acid ionises completely in water Concentration of H+ in ethanoic acid is lower than hydrochloric acid 1 (i) Effervescence occurs//bubbles of colourless gas is released. 1 (ii) [correct formula of reactant & product] 1 [balanced chemical equation] 1 CaCO3 + 2 HCl CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O 10 Score 1 1 1

5 (a)

Rubric (i) (ii) (ii) neutralisation Pink to colourless Number of moles of NaOH = Number of moles of HCl = 0.005 Molarity of HCl = or

1 or 1

(b)

(i)

[correct formula of reactant & product] [balanced chemical equation]

1 1 1

Pb(NO3)2 + 2KCl PbCl2 + 2KNO3 (ii) Filter the mixture (iii) Number of moles of lead nitrate = (iv) 1 mol of lead nitrate produce 1 mol of PbCl2 0.01 mol of lead nitrate produce 0.01 mol of PbCl2 Mass of precipitate =
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1 1 1 1 10

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6 (a)

Rubric (i) (ii) Contact process [state any two materials] Sulphur, air, water (iii) Gas dissolved in rain water To form acid rain (i) [correct formula of reactant & product] [balanced chemical equation] N2 + 3 H2 3NH3 iron Ammonium sulphate [state any one use of sulphuric acid] as electrolyte in lead-acid accumulator manufacture of detergent/paint

Score 1 1+1 1 1 1 1

(b)

(ii) ( c) (i) (ii)

1 1 1

10

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SULIT 7 (a)

Peperiksaan Selaras Akhir Tahun Tingkatan 4 Rubric Score 1 1 1+ 1 1+ 1 6 1 1 1 1

Electron arrangement of R : 2.8.7 Electron arrangement of Q : 2.8.8.2 Atom Q has 2 valence electrons and 3 shells occupied with electrons. Q is located in Group 2 and Period 4.

1. 2. 3. 4.

Atom Q losses 2 electron to achieve the stable octet electron arrangement Q2+ ion is formed Two atoms R, each receives 1 electron from atom Q to achieve the stable octet electron arrangement 5. Two R ions are formed. 6. An ion Q2+ and two ion R- are attracted together by strong electrostatic forces

7. A compound with formula, QR2 is formed. (c)

CR4 [sharing 4 pairs of electron between C atom and R atom] [electron arrangement of all atoms]

1 1 1 7 1 1 1

R 3 Melting point Compound (b) has high melting point compound (c) has low melting point. Electrical conductivity
Compound (b) can conduct electricity in liquid or aqueous solution state. Compound (c) can not conduct electricity in any state.

1 1

1 1 4 20

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SULIT 8 (a)

Peperiksaan Selaras Akhir Tahun Tingkatan 4 Rubric Score Pass dry hydrogen gas to remove the air in the combustion tube before heating lead 1 oxide. To avoid explosion. 1 2 1 1 2

(i)

(ii) [correct formula of reactant & product] [balanced chemical equation] PbO + H2 Pb + H2O (b) [Procedure] 1. Clean magnesium ribbon with sand paper 2. Weigh crucible and its lid 3. Put magnesium ribbon into the crucible and weigh the crucible with its lid 4. Heat strongly the crucible without its lid 5. Cover the crucible when the magnesium starts to burn and lift/raise the lid a little at intervals 6. Remove the lid when the magnesium burnt completely 7. Heat strongly the crucible for a few minutes 8. Cool and weigh the crucible with its lid and the content 9. Repeat the processes of heating, cooling and weighing until a constant mass is obtained Results: Crucible + lid Crucible + lid + magnesium Crucible + lid + magnesium oxide Calculations Element Mass (g) Number of moles Simplest ratio of moles Empirical formula: MgaOb / MgO (c) Both empirical formula and molecular formula shows glucose is made up of carbon and hydrogen empirical formula tell the simplest ratio of carbon atom to hydrogen atoms, = 1: 2 : 1 Molecular formula shows the actual number of carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms in its molecule. Each glucose molecule consist of 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms and 6 oxygen atom Mg y-x yx 24 a Mass/g x y z

1 1 1

1 1 1 1 Max:7

O z-y zy 16 b

1 1

1 11 1 1 1 1 1 5 20

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9 (a)

Rubric Salt is an ionic compound where hydrogen ion from the acid is replaced by metal ions/ammonium ion. (i) Soluble salts : zinc sulphate, copper (II) sulphate Insoluble salts: lead(II) sulphate, calcium sulphate

Score 1 1 2 1+1 1+ 1 4 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12 20

(b)

(c)

(ii) Sulphuric acid Zinc/zinc oxide/zinc carbonate or copper(II) oxide/copper(II) carbonate 1. Pour 50 cm3 of 2 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid into a beaker. [Volume: 20 100 cm3, molarity: 0.5 2.0 mol dm-3] 2. Warm the acid. 3. Use a spatula to add copper oxide/zinc oxide powder [or any suitable reactant] into the acid. 4. Stir the mixture evenly. 5. Continue adding copper oxide [or any suitable reactant] until some of it no longer dissolves. 6. Filter to remove the excess copper oxide[or any suitable reactant]. 7. Pour the filtrate into an evaporating dish and heat the salt solution to produce a saturated solution. 8. Cool the saturated solution until crystals are formed. 9. The content are filtered to obtain the sulphate crystals. 10. The crystals are dried by pressing between filter papers paper 11. Correct formula of reactant & product 12. Balanced chemical equation.

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SULIT 10 (a)

Peperiksaan Selaras Akhir Tahun Tingkatan 4 Rubric Score 1 1 1 1

[functional diagram] [label iron key as the cathode] [label suitable metal as the anode] [label suitable electrolyte] Example:

4 (b) (i) Q : Copper Copper is more electropositive than silver Copper can displace silver from silver nitrate solution Produce silver Copper(II) ion 1 1 1 1 1 5 (ii) P, Q/Cu, Ag (c) R : zinc/any metal which is more electropositive than copper Negative terminal : zinc Positive terminal : copper Zinc ionises/release electrons Electrons flow from negative terminal to positive terminal through external circuit Copper(II) ion is discharged at postitive terminal Half equation: Negative terminal : Zn Zn2+ + 2ePositive terminal : Cu2+ + 2e- Cu Observation: Negative terminal: zinc become smaller Positive terminal: copper become bigger/brown solid deposited 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1

1 1 10

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Paper 3
Question 1(a) Rubric Able to record the observation correctly. Sample answer: Potassium burns more vigorously and produces white fumes. Able to record the observation less correctly. Sample answer: Potassium burns vigorously and produces white fumes. Able to state an idea of the observation. Sample answer Potassium burns in oxygen/produces white fumes. No response or wrong response Question 1(b) Rubric Able to state the three variables and controlling the three variables correctly Sample answer: Variable (i) Manipulated Variable Type of alkali metals//lithium, sodium, potassium (ii) Responding Variable Reactivity towards oxygen (iii) Fixed Variable: Size of alkali metals Action to be taken (i) Method to manipulate the variable Replace lithium with sodium and potassium Score 3

Score

(ii) What to observe in the responding variable Burning of alkali metals in oxygen gas

(iii) Method to maintain the fixed variable Repeat the experiment with the same size of alkali metals 6

Able to give any 5 statements correctly Able to give any 4 statements correctly Able to give any 3 statements correctly Able to give any 2 statements correctly Able to give any 1 statements correctly No response or wrong response

5 4 3 2 1 0

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SULIT Question 1(c) Rubric Able to state the hypothesis accurately

Peperiksaan Selaras Akhir Tahun Tingkatan 4

Score 3

Sample answer: The lower position of alkali metals in Group 1, the more reactive the metals towards oxygen Able to record the hypothesis less correctly. Sample answer: Reactivity towards oxygen increases when going down Group 1 Potassium is more reactive than sodium and lithium towards oxygen. Able to state an idea of hypothesis. Sample answer Metals burns in oxygen. No response or wrong response Question 1(d) Rubric Able to state two inferences accurately Sample answer: Sodium react with oxygen Produce sodium oxide Able to state at least one inference. Sample answer: Sodium burns in oxygen form sodium oxide Able to state an idea of inference. Sample answer Reaction occurs No response or wrong response 1 2 2

Score 3

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SULIT Question 1(e) Rubric Able to state operational definition accurately

Peperiksaan Selaras Akhir Tahun Tingkatan 4

Score 3

Sample answer: The burning of metals when is alkali metals is burnt in oxygen gas Able to state operational definition less accurately Sample answer: Burning of metals in oxygen gas Able to state an idea of operational definition. Sample answer Reaction with oxygen gas No response or wrong response 2

Question 2(a) Rubric [Able to write all the volumes with units accurately] Initial burette readings: 0.80 cm3, 13.40 cm3, 25.90 cm3 Final burette readings : 13.40 cm3, 25.90 cm3, 38.40 cm3 [Able to record all the volumes accurately but without units one decimal place] Initial burette readings: 0.8, 13.4, 25.9 Final burette readings : 13.4, 25.9, 38.4 [Able to write at least four readings of the volumes accurately] No response or wrong response Question 2(b) Rubric [Able to construct a table correctly containing three labeled columns with correct units and record all the burette readings and volume of acids used accurately ] Suggested answer:
Titration No. Initial burette reading/cm3 Final burette reading/cm3 Volume of acid used/cm3 I 0.80 13.40 12.60 II 13.40 25.90 12.50 II 25.90 38.40 12.50

Score 3

1 0

Score 3

[Able to construct a table correctly containing three labeled columns without units/one decimal place and record all the volumes accurately] [Able to construct a table with at least three labels and four correct readings] No response given / wrong response

1 0

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SULIT Question 2(c)

Peperiksaan Selaras Akhir Tahun Tingkatan 4

Rubric [Able to calculate the average volume of acid used correctly and with unit] Suggested answer: Volume of acid used = 12.60 + 12.50 + 12.50 3 = 12.53 cm3 [Able to calculate the average volume correctly but without unit.] [Able to show the calculation of average volume of acid used but incorrect answer] No response or wrong response Question 2(d) Rubric [Able to state the volume correctly] 6.25 cm3 [Able to state the volume but to one decimal place] 6.3 cm3// [6.0 7.0] cm3 [Able to state the volume but inaccurately] 12.5 cm3//25.0 cm3 No response or wrong response Question 2(e) Rubric [Able to classify the strong acids and the weak acids into their group the correctly] Strong acids: hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, nitric acid Weak acids: ethanoic acid, carbonic acid [Able to calssify at least three acids correctly] Strong acids: ethanoic acid, carbonic acid Weak acids: hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, nitric acid [Able to classify at least any two acids correctly] No response or wrong response

Score 3

2 1 0

Score 3

Score 3

1 0

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SULIT Question 3(a)

Peperiksaan Selaras Akhir Tahun Tingkatan 4

Rubric [Able to state the problem statement accurately] Sample answer: How does the distance between two metals in the electrochemical series affect the voltmeter reading in a voltaic cell? [Able to state the problem statement accurately] Sample answer: How does the position of metals in the electrochemical series affect volmeter reading? To construct electrochemical series bases on the volmeter reading in a voltaic cell [able to show an idea of problem statement] Sample answer How does pairs of metals affect volmeter reading? No response or wrong response Question 3(b) Rubric [Able to state three variables accurately] Sample answer: Manipulated variables: pairs of metals Responding variables : voltmeter reading Fixed variable: type of electrolyte [Able to state two variables accurately] [Able to state one variable] No response or wrong response

Score 3

Score 3

2 1 0

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SULIT Question 3(c)

Peperiksaan Selaras Akhir Tahun Tingkatan 4

Rubric [Able to state the relationship between manipulated variable and responding accurately] Sample answer: The further the two metals in the electrochemical series, the higher the voltmeter reading The distance between two metals in electrochemical series become greater, the greater the voltmeter reading [Able to state hypothesis less accurately] Sample answer: The higher the voltmeter reading, the further the two metals in the electrochemical series [Able to show an idea of hypothesis] Sample answer: The metals affect the voltmeter reading No response or wrong response Question 3(d) Rubric [Able to state materials & apparatus accurately] Suggested answer: Materials : copper strips, P, Q and R strips; copper(II) sulphate solution[any suitable electrolyte] Apparatus : voltmeter, beaker, sand paper and connecting wires

Score 3

Score 3

[Able to state materials & apparatus less accurately] Sample answer: Materials : copper, P, Q, R; copper(II) sulphate solution Apparatus : voltmeter, beaker [Able to show an idea of materials and apparatus] Sample answer: Materials : copper, P/Q/R; copper(II) sulphate solution Apparatus : voltmeter No response or wrong response

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SULIT Question 3(e) Rubric [Able to state the procedures accurately]

Peperiksaan Selaras Akhir Tahun Tingkatan 4

Score 3

Suggested answer: 1. A beaker is filled with copper (II) sulphate solution. 2. The copper and P strips are cleaned with sand paper. 3. The strips are immersed into the solution and connected by wires to a voltmeter. 4. The reading of the voltmeter is recorded. 5. Steps 1 - 4 are repeated with replacing P with Q and R. [Able to state the procedure less accurately] Sample answer: 1. The metal strips are immersed into the solution and connected by wires to a voltmeter. 2. The reading of the voltmeter is recorded. 3. Steps 1 - 4 are repeated with replacing P with Q and R. [Able to show an idea of procedures] Sample answer: 1. The metals immersed into the solution 2. The reading of the voltmeter is recorded. No response or wrong response Question 3(f) Rubric [Able to show construct table with correct heading and units and state all the pairs of metals] Suggested answer:
Pair of metals Volmeter reading/V P - Cu Q - Cu R - Cu

Score 2

. [Able to show construct table with heading and without units] Sample answer:
Pair of metals Volmeter reading

No response or wrong response End of Answer Scheme

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